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OBJECTIVE: To examine the difference of manganese exposure level in different types of welding jobs and its effects on electric welding workers' health. METHODS: Eight-seven electric welding workers recruited in 2009 were selected by cluster sampling method as exposure group. The exposure group was divided into low,middle and high sub-exposure groups based on the different manganese exposure levels in workplace air. Thirty administrative and technical personnel were selected as control group. Manganese exposure levels of exposure group in workplace air were continuously measured from 2009 to 2013 for 5 years. The urine manganese levels of control and exposure groups were detected. Occupational health examination was conducted in these two groups in 2013. RESULTS: The trend of manganese exposure level in workplace air of exposure group from low to high was submerged arc welding post < gas tungsten arc welding post < hand welding post( P < 0. 01). The urine manganese levels in exposure group in 2010-2013 were higher than those of control group in the same corresponding year( P < 0. 01). With the increase of manganese exposure time,urine manganese levels increased in exposure group and the 3 sub-exposure groups( P < 0. 01); in 2012 and 2013,the urine manganese levels of exposure group showed an increasing trend with the increase of manganese exposure level( P < 0. 01). The positive rates of dizziness,body ache and memory lost in exposure group had an increasing trend with the increase of manganese exposure level( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The difference of manganese exposure level in different types of welding jobs affects the urine manganese levels and health status of electric welding workers.
RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the risk factors and their differences of metabolic syndrome (MS) on male criminal police, thereby provide the scientific basis to make prevention and control strategies about the metabolic syndrome for the criminal police career.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on physical examination data of criminal police in 2010, 439 patients with MS (CDS) were randomly selected as cases. And as the 1:2 matched nested case-control study, 878 health controls were employed, which were matched with on the basis of sex and age (±1 year). An face-to-face epidemiological investigations on the past exposure status of several possible risk factors was conducted, such as the family history of hypertension and other social economic status, as well as body height and weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, serum lipid and plasma sugar. and the data were analyzed with logistic regression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1317 cases were surveyed, through single factor logistic regression analysis found that 12 factors are related to exposure. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that six factors, such as stress events (OR = 1.989, 95%CI: 1.467∼2.696), snoring (OR = 1.672, 95%CI: 1.218∼2.294), sweets (OR = 0.562, 95%CI: 0.412∼0.766), meat and products (OR = 1.494, 95%CI: 1.065∼2.094), siting after dinner for more than 3 h (OR = 1.399, 95%CI: 1.023∼1.915).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MS has become a important public health problems among criminal police. For their professional special, a series of bad habits , unhealthy life style and psychological problems became important risk factors of MS on criminal police. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of MS.</p>