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@#The aim of this study was to prepare the nanoconjugates for targeted photodynamic therapy of brain cancer by using eight-arm polyethylene glycol(8PEG)as the carrier and cRGD as the targeting ligand, and to investigate the antitumor effect and its mechanism. UV-Vis spectra and confocal microscopy were used for characterization and cellular uptake behavior of nanoconjugates respectively. Alamar Blue assay and Calcein AM/PI staining were applied to investigate the cytotoxocity of nanoconjugates against tumor cells, and tumor spheroid growth curve was used to assess the tumor growth suppression effect. In addition, the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS), apoptosis and spheroid permeability test was used to reveal the antitumor mechanism of nanoconjugates. The results showed that cRGD-8PEG-IR700 was taken up efficiently by integrin overexpressed U87MG cells, while almost no uptake was found in integrin free NIH/3T3 cells. Remarkable photokilling effect against U87MG cells was only shown in cRGD-8PEG-IR700 group due to the light-induced ROS generation and apoptosis, whereas growth suppression effect was also observed in U87MG spheroids treated with cRGD-8PEG-IR700 plus light owing to the superior penetration ability of targeted nanoconjugates. Hence, tumor-targeted PEG nanoconjugates may provide a promising drug delivery system for photodynamic therapy of cancers.
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Objective To observe the effects of 131I treatment on circulating granulocyte colonystimulating factor (G-CSF) and leucocyte levels of patients with Graves' disease (GD).Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),coulter three assortments,and radioimmunoassay were used to test the levels of circulating G-CSF,leucocytes and thyroid hormones of 65 incipient and untreated GD patients,all females,aged 21 -50,43 with normal leucocyte level and 22 with leucopenia before and after 131I treatment.Thirty age-matched healthy female subjects were used as controls.Results Before 131I treatment,the serous G-CSF level of the GD patients with normal leucocyte level was (28.4 ± 11.7)μg/L,significantly higher than that of the control [ ( 18.3 ± 6.98) μg/L,t =2.376,P ＜ 0.05 ].The serous G-CSF level of the GD patients with leucopenia was (40.1 ± 13.8 ) μg/L,significantly higher than that of the patients with normal leucocyte level ( t =2.788,P ＜ 0.01 ) and that of the control ( t =3.672,P＜0.01 ).180 d after the initiation of 131 I treatment,the G-CSF level of the patients with normal leucocyte level was (18.9 ± 8.32) μg/L,not significantly different from that of the normal controls,however,the G-CSF level of the GD patients with leucopenia was (25.7 ± 11.5) μg/L,still significantly higher than that of the normal control (t =2.103,P ＜ 0.05).The serous G-CSF level was negatively correlated with the titer of leucocyte ( r =- 0.38,P ＜ 0.05 ),however,not significantly correlated with such clinical parameters,as free triiodothyronine (FT3),free thyroxine (FT4) and thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (TSH).Conclusions Abnormal increment of G-CSF is observed in the GD patients,which may be related to the decrease of leucocyte.Effectively suppressing the auto-immune status in the GD patients,131I treatment is a safe and reliable therapy for GD patients with leucopenia and should be used as early as possible.
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Objective:To investigate the changes and correlation of Insulin-line growth factor-1(IGF-1)and bone mineral density(BMD)in Graves disease(GD).Methods:The serum IGF-1 levels were determined by radioimmunoprecipitation assay(RIA) in 30 cases of females GD patients before and after successful therapy,the BMD were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,the sex and ege were matched with the normal of the control group.Results:The levels of serum IGF-1(165 4?40 0) ?g/L markedly increase and the BMD(0 770?0 081)g/cm 2 markedly descend in GD group.There were significantly different from normal controls[IGF-1(92.5?25.1)?g/L、BMD(0.877?0.069)g/cm 2]( P0.05 ).Conclusion:IGF-1 probably play an important role in the pathogenesis and bone metabolism of GD.