Clinical Profile And Outcome Of Acute Kidney Injury Related To Pregnancy In A Tertiary Care Centre In Southern Tamilnadu

Acute kidney injury is a threatening complication of pregnancy causing serious maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality,common in developing countries.METHODS:A observational study was done between January 2018 to November 2018 to report the incidence,clinical spectrum and maternal&fetal outcome in AKI.RESULTS:Total number of patients 40,Mean age–25.3± 4.3 yrs.The incidence of AKI in pregnancy was 6%.Incidence of AKI most common in Postpartum period(80%),causes of AKI was Sepsis(40%),HELLP(20%),Postpartum hemorrhage (20%),Auptio placenta (15%),Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (5%).Among them 80% of patients having preeclampsia as common risk factor.Live births was 80%.Among total pregnancy related AKIs 14 patients were managed conservatively and 26 needed dialysis. recovered patients were (N=38) 95%,and mortality was (N=2)5%.CONCLUSION:AKI in pregnancy commonly occurred in Postpartum period and Sepsis is the most common etiology

Efficacy of spinal ropivacaine versus ropivacaine with fentanyl in transurethral resection operations

The low-dose ropivacaine provides differential spinal block to reduce adverse hemodynamic effects in elderly patients. Addition of intrathecal fentanyl with ropivacaine may enhance analgesia and early postoperative mobility. The present study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of intrathecal ropivacaine alone and in combination with fentanyl in transurethral resection operation. Sixty male patients aged >50 years of ASA I-III scheduled for elective transurethral resection were included in a prospective, randomized, double-blinded study and they were divided in two groups of 30 each. Group A [n = 30] received intrathecal injection of ropivacaine 2 ml [0.75%] and Group B [n = 30] ropivacaine 1.8 ml [0.75%] with fentanyl 10 micro g. The characteristics of onset and regression of sensory and motor blockade, hemodynamic stability, and side effects were observed. Student's t test [for parametric data] and Mann-Whitney U test [for non-parametric data] were used for statistical analyses. There were no significant differences between the two groups for patient demographic data, intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, side effects, and satisfaction to patients and surgeon. The highest level of sensory block was at T10 in group A and T9 in group B [P = 0.001]. Duration of motor block was longer in group B being 210.51 +/- 61.25 min than in group A being 286.25 +/- 55.65 min [P < 0.001]. The addition of fentanyl to ropivacaine may offer the advantage of shorter duration of complete motor block, hemodynamic stability, and without any increase in the frequency of major side effects

Comparison of Staining Properties of Composites.

Esthetics forms an important aspect of human’s life, because human’s personality and psychological wellbeing rests considerably on his appearance. Discolouration of esthetic restorative materials from the dietary habits vary with geographic distribution especially poor Oral Hygiene increases susceptibility to staining. Restorative resins are susceptible to softening caused by organic acids produced in plaque. Consequently plaque-covered resin restorations may be liable to pronounced staining.

Synthesis, anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial properties of diethyl (4-flouro-3-nitro phenylamino) (substituted phenyl) methyl phosphonates.

A new class of α–aminophosphoantes 4a-j have been synthesized by condensation of imines 3a-j with dialkyl phosphite under catalyst free conditions in dry toluene at reflux conditions via pudovik reaction in high yields. All the title compounds were confirmed by physico-spectral analysis. All the title compounds were screened for antioxidant properties by radical scavenging methods such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical scavenging method and lipid peroxidation. They exhibited potent in vitro antioxidant activity dose dependently. Their bioassay showed them to possess significant antibacterial activity.

Efficacy and safety of latanoprost for glaucoma treatment: a three-month multicentric study in India.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of 0.005% topical latanoprost in Indian eyes. DESIGN: Prospective non-randomised open-label multicentric trial. METHODS: One hundred and fifty patients with ocular hypertension (OHT), primary open-angle, pseudoexfoliation or pigmentary glaucoma were enrolled at four centers. Each center contributed at least 20 patients. Following baseline measurements, 0.005% latanoprost was applied topically once daily in the evening for three months. Patients were examined at 2, 6 and 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was mean intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction. The mean diurnal variation of IOP (difference between highest and lowest IOP) at baseline and at 12-weeks was compared. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty of 150 enrolled patients completed the study. One randomly selected eye of each patient was included for analysis. At three months, latanoprost reduced the mean IOP from 24.9 (+/- 3.16) mmHg at baseline to 16.10 (+/- 2.7) mmHg, a reduction of 35.25%. 83% had a reduction in IOP of > 25%. The IOP reduction was maintained throughout the study period, and was not affected by gender or age of the patient. One eye did not show any response to the drug. Daytime diurnal variation of IOP was reduced from 4.5 to 2.9 mmHg. 20 patients had conjunctival hyperemia. Six patients had side effects requiring withdrawal from the study. CONCLUSIONS: In this short-term multicentric study, latanoprost effectively reduced IOP and stabilised the diurnal curve in Indian eyes. There were no clinically significant ocular or systemic adverse effects.

Optic disc imaging by Heidelberg retinal tomogram in congenital optic disc anomaly.

We evaluated two cases of congenital optic disc anomaly with the Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph (HRT) that could be mistaken for glaucomatous optic disc. One was an optic disc coloboma with a visual field defect and the other had an optic disc pit without a visual field defect. HRT was abnormal only in the eye with optic disc pit with normal fields. While HRT can be a valuable adjunct to disc evaluation and follow-up, it cannot be used in isolation in the differentiation of abnormal from normal optic discs.

Interpretation of computed tomography imaging of the eye and orbit. A systematic approach.

Computed tomography (CT) has revolutionised the diagnosis and management of ocular and orbital diseases. The use of thin sections with multiplanar scanning (axial, coronal and sagittal planes) and the possibility of three-dimensional reconstruction permits thorough evaluation. To make the most of this technique, users must familiarize themselves with the pertinent CT principles and terminology. The diagnostic yield is optimal when the ophthalmologist and radiologist collaborate in the radiodiagnostic workup. In this article we describe a systematic approach to the interpretation of ocular and orbital CT scans.