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ABSTRACT Background: The nutritional quality of diet may influence the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study compared the Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) of various dietary components between colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls. Methods: A total of 480 participants were enrolled in the study (160 patients with colorectal cancer as a case group and 320 healthy control). An analysis was conducted on the general characteristics of the participants, their medical histories, anthropometric indicators, physical activity, alcohol consumption, reproductive history, smoking and food intake. A valid food frequency questionnaire was used to assess nutrient intake and INQ was calculated from daily nutrient intake. Results: A Significant inverse association was found between CRC and INQ for vitamins A (OR=0.01, CI: 0.01-0.01), K (OR=0.04, CI: 0.01-0.15), and B12 (OR=0.71, CI: 0.51-0.98), B5 (OR=0.43, CI: 0.00-0.01), zinc (OR=0.35, CI: 0.13-0.95), and phosphorus (OR=0.17, 0.19-0.94). The association between the INQ of vitamin B12 and zinc with colorectal cancer was disappeared after age adjustment. There was a significant negative association between CRC with the INQ of vitamins A, K, B5, phosphorus, and calcium after further adjustments for gender, BMI, menopausal status, and total energy intake. Conclusion: CRC is significantly associated with INQ for some micronutrients. INQ can be considered as an indicator to assess clinical nutritional problems.
RESUMO Contexto: A qualidade nutricional da dieta pode influenciar o risco de câncer colorretal (CCR). Este estudo comparou o Índice de Valor Nutricional (INQ) de vários componentes dietéticos entre pacientes com CCR e controles saudáveis. Métodos: Um total de 480 participantes foram inscritos no estudo (160 pacientes com CCR como um grupo de casos e 320 controles saudáveis). Uma análise foi conduzida sobre as características gerais dos participantes, seus históricos médicos, indicadores antropométricos, atividade física, consumo de álcool, histórico reprodutivo, tabagismo e ingestão de alimentos. Um questionário de frequência alimentar válido foi usado para avaliar a ingestão de nutrientes e o INQ foi calculado a partir da ingestão diária de nutrientes. Resultados: Associação significativa entre CCR e INQ para as vitaminas A (OR=0,00, IC: 0,00-0,01), K (OR=0,04, IC: 0,01-0,15), B12 (OR=0,71, IC: 0,51-0,98) houve uma associação negativa), B5 (OR=0,43, IC: 0,00-0,01), zinco (OR=0,35, IC: 0,13-0,95), fósforo (OR=0,17, IC: 0,19-0,94). A associação entre o INQ da vitamina B12, zinco e CCR desapareceu após o ajuste pela idade. Houve uma associação negativa significativa entre CCR e INQ de cálcio, e outros resultados não mudaram após ajustes adicionais para idade, gênero, Índice de Massa Corporal, estado de menopausa e ingestão total de energia. Conclusão: CCR está significativamente associado ao INQ para alguns micronutrientes. O INQ pode ser usado como um indicador para avaliar problemas nutricionais clínicos.
RESUMO
Background: Considerable attention is currently being paid to childhood nutrition. Mass media, particularly television (TV), is believed to largely contribute to eating habits and Body mass index (BMI). This study was carried out to identify the relation between tendency towards TV viewing and its influence on children with food intake and BMI in pre-school kids. Methodology: The survey was conducted using a cross-sectional design, in which 114 children aged 2-6 yrs from 11 selected nursery schools were included. Regarding data collection related to TV viewing rate and influence rate of TV viewing from parents' viewpoint, a valid and reliable questionnaire was used. To collect data about children's diets intake, a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was applied. Face-to-face meetings and interviews with the parents were held. Height and weights of children were measured using a measuring tape and a digital weight scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical tests by SPSS software. Results: It turned out that consumption rate of some food groups including meats & alternatives (p=0.008), sugars (p=0.013) and snacks & desserts (p=0.011) were higher in children who spend more time watching TV. In addition, Intake of cereals and breads appeared to be higher in children with strong desire for TV food ads (p=0.019). It was also revealed that influence rate of TV viewing and fats intake were positively correlated (p=0.017). No significant relationship was revealed between TV viewing rate and BMI in children Conclusion: It can be concluded that tendency of preschool children to TV is positively related with some food groups intake and consumption of low nutritional-value foods.