Ultrastructural changes in pancreatic acini at different intervals after induction of acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis with diazinon

Thirty healthy adult male guinea pigs were utilized in this study. They were divided into six equal groups. The first was used as a control group. Acute pancreatitis was induced in the remaining 5 groups by a sublethal dose of the organophosphate insecticide Diazinon [DZ]. Animals of the 2[nd], 3[rd], 4[th], 5[th]. and 6[th] groups were sacrificed 0.5, 1, 2.6 and 12 hours respectively after DZ ingestion. Pancreatic acinar alterations occurring after DZ intake can be arranged as follow: 1] excessive stimulation of the pancreas appears after 0.5 hour, 2] initiation of intracellular autolytic changes and interstitial tissue degeneration after 1 hour, 3] appearance of peripheral vacuolation may be created by extracellular enzymes after 2 hours, 4] augmentation of peripheral vacuolation and occurrence of cellular necrosis after 6 hours, 5] disappearance of peripheral vacuolation with reduction in the size of the acini after 12 hours. The interstitial tissues showed increasing width and degeneration. Conclusively, the contribution of intracellular activation of zymogen in the pathogenesis of DZ induced acute pancreatitis beside the other mechanism of increased intraductal hydrostatic pressure resulting from hypersecretion became evident Also, correlation between the ultrastructural changes in pancreatic acini and the time passing after DZ poisoning became manifest. This finding may pay the attention of medicolegal experts to put in their consideration the ultrastructure study of pancreas while investigating the obscure deaths

Skeletal muscle affection with pressure waves caused by extremity impact with high velocity missile. Light and electron microscopy study on dogs

Seven healthy adult dogs were used in this study. One was used as a negative control. Three were subjected to high-velocity missile injury in their left hind limb and considered as test animals. The other three were subjected to low-velocity missile injury lacking high-pressure waves and considered as positive controls. Small specimens of skeletal muscle were taken from the diaphragm and the right fore limb [distant limb from the shot site] of all animals for light and electron microscopic examinations. Specimens of the high velocity injured animals showed abnormal changes on electron microscopic examination in some muscle fibers as widened spaces between myofibrils and myofilaments and oblique spaces accompanied by disruption of sarcomeres. Also, distortion and irregularity of Z lines, widening and breaking of sarcoplasmic reticulum and bursting of some mitochondria were detected. These findings with normal appearance on gross and light microscopic examination could be attributed to the compression effect of the pressure waves accompanying high velocity missile injury. The absence of changes in the positive control specimens on electron microscopic examination confirms the suggested role of pressure waves. The more changes detected in the diaphragm specimens in contrast to those seen in the right fore limb could also be correlated to the distance from the site of injury