Effects of the medroxy-progesterone acetate on the tests of the adult albino rat

The present work was designed to study the effects of single hormone, the medroxy-progesterone on the testes as a trial for controlling the process of spermatogenesis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the histological changes that take place in the testes as a result of administration of this hormone as one of the methods which can be used nationally for male contraception. Thirty adult male rats were used in this work. They were classified into three groups, control, experimental and recovery groups. The used drug is now widely used as female contraceptive method and is under trial and experimentally used as a method for male contraception. The dose applied was nearly based on the same widely used for human male and female contraception trials. 150 mg of medroxy-progesterone was given for each experimental animal as 5mg /day intramuscularly for one month duration. One day later after the period of injection, the rats were sacrificed, their testes were extracted and fixed in glutraldehyde solution for one day. The specimens were processed for obtaining semithin and ultrathin sections to study the micro and ultra structure of the individual testicular cells. Single quantitative measurement, the weighing of the testes was employed. The results of the present work revealed that the hormonal regimen that was applied leads to considerable and striking histological findings. There was complete disappearance of spermatids from the experimental group, an important finding coinciding with and explaining the azospermia that was recorded by previous investigators and help for future studies on methods of human male contraception. After the period of recovery, there was incomplete reversibility in the form of redevelopment [rounded spermatids but only to the level of Golgi stage, which needs more time to form mature spirmatids and hence normal sperms. There was marked histological distortion of most cellular components of the seminiferous tubules including Sertoli cells, spermatogonia and spermatocytes in the form of degenerative processes involving the cytoplasmic organelles as well as the nuclear structure

light microscopic study on the effects of the eletromagnetic waves arising from the mobile phone onthe rat cerebellum

This work was performed to study the effects of the electromagnetic waves emitted from the mobile phone on the cerebellum cortex of adult albino rats. A total number of 48 rats was used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups [control, sham-exposed and exposed]. Mobile phones were switched on for 20 minutes daily for two months. The animals of each group were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. Intra-cardiac perfusion with a fixative was performed. The cerebellum of each animal was extracted and processed for examination. For examination by light microscope, gallocyanine stain, toluidine blue stain and Golgi impregnation technique were used. Gallocyanine stain was performed for the evaluation of the layering pattern and cellular constituents of each layer. Toluidine blue stain was used for the examination of semithin sections. Golgi impregnation technique was limited for evaluating the cerebellar granular and Golgi neurons. In the control group, there was a complete and mature layering pattern of the cerebellar cortex. The cerebellar cortex consists of an outer molecular layer, middle Purkinje cell layer and an inner granular cell layer. There were no observable changes in either the layering pattern or the cell constituents in all layers of the cerebellar cortex in the sham-exposed group. In the exposed group, there were no observable changes in the layering pattern of the cerebellar cortex. However, there were darkly stained neurons and empty spaces in the granular cell layer denoting a suggested neuronal loss

study of effects of the Infrared laser on the adult albino rat thyroid gland

The thyroid gland and its hormones are so essential for normal growth and develodopment. The thyroid gland is unique in having a histological organization that provides for extracellular storage of its products in lumen of the follicles. Nowadays, laser is widely used in medical therapy. Laser beams are most effective as biological stimulants. Low energy laser irradiation produces various effects at the biochemical, cellular, histological and functional levels. So, this study aimed at studying the histological and ultrastructural effects of laser irradiation on the thyroid gland. In the present work 20 adult male albino rat were used. These animals were divided into two groups, control and experimental, each of them was formed of 10 animals. Each experimental animal was exposed to spot laser irradiation over the right lobe of the thyroid gland. The laser beam was applied for 5 minutes once daily for one month in a dose of 1.92 J/cm 2. The thyroid gland was fixed in either 10% formaldehyde solution for paraffin sections or in 5% gluteralehyde for semithin and ultrathin sections and routinely processed. The paraffin sections were stained with Hematoxeline and Eosin and Van Gisson stains. Whowever, semithin sections were stained with toluidine blue. Ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. The results showed that: The thyroid follicles were larger in size in experimental group than that of control group, more widely separated by thickened interacinar reticular septa. Heights of their follicular cells were variable from cuboidal in engorged thyroid acini, to columnar in less distended acini. Their colloid secretion was not homogeneously distributed among different follicles and even inside the same acinus. There was an increased vascularily in the form of perifollicular distended and tortuous blood vessels. Also, interacinar capillaries appeared more winded, engorged by blood cells and had thicker walls. By electron microscopy: apical surface of follicular cells was devoid of indentations and microvilli, in reverse to the control group. The cytoplasm was paler and contained lesser amounts of cytoplasmic organelles specially rough endoplasmic reticulum and its cisternae, mitochondria, lysosomes and large secretory granules but not free ribosomes. In conclusion, laser irradiation increases blood supply and does some cellular changes