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ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise can promote the growth and development of bones and delay bone loss; it is more effective when started young. Objective: This paper analyzes the impact of human exercise on human bone health. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on elementary school students, and basic physical fitness monitoring was conducted. The physical fitness monitoring indicators covered ten items such as height and weight. Results: After the questionnaire survey and physical examination, it was found that there are differences in various physiological indicators between students who exercise frequently compared with students who exercise less frequently. Conclusion: Physical exercise can promote skeletal tissue development, therefore, young people should increase the practice of physical exercise. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESUMO Introdução: O exercício físico pode promover o crescimento e desenvolvimento de ossos e postergar a perda óssea; é mais eficaz quando iniciado na infância. Objetivo: Este estudo analisa o impacto do exercício na saúde óssea humana. Métodos: Um questionário de sondagem foi conduzido com alunos do ensino básico; um monitoramento de preparo físico básico foi feito. Os indicadores do monitoramento de preparo físico cobriam dez itens, como altura e peso. Resultados: Após o questionário de sondagem e exame físico, verificou-se que havia diferenças em vários indicadores fisiológicos entre os alunos que faziam exercícios com frequência e aqueles que se exercitavam com menor frequência. Conclusão: O exercício físico pode promover o desenvolvimento do tecido esquelético. Portanto, jovens devem aumentar a prática de exercícios físicos. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: El ejercicio físico puede promover el crecimiento y desarrollo de huesos y retardar la pérdida ósea, y es más eficaz cuando iniciado en la infancia. Objetivo: Este estudio analiza el impacto del ejercicio físico en la salud ósea humana. Métodos: Se condujo una encuesta de sondeo con alumnos de la enseñanza básica y se hizo un monitoreo de la preparación física básica. Los indicadores del monitoreo de preparación física abarcaban diez ítems, como altura y peso. Resultados: Tras la encuesta de sondeo y examen físico, se verificó que había diferencias en varios indicadores fisiológicos entre los alumnos que hacían ejercicios con frecuencia y aquellos que se ejercitaban con menor frecuencia. Conclusión: El ejercicio físico puede promover el desarrollo del tejido esquelético. Por lo tanto, jóvenes deben aumentar la práctica de ejercicios físicos. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados de tratamiento.
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The supersaturatable self-microemulsifying drug delivery system [S-SMEDDS] represents a new thermodynamically stable formulation approach wherein it is designed to contain a reduced amount of surfactant and a water-soluble polymer [precipitation inhibitor or supersaturated promoter] to prevent precipitation of the drug by generating and maintaining a supersaturated state in-vivo. The supersaturatable self-microemulsifying drug delivery system [S-SMEDDS] of CBZ was evaluated in-vitro and in-vivo. Three different formulations of CBZ were prepared and drug precipitation behavior, dissolution rate in-vitro and particle size distribution were evaluated. Studies on CaCO-2 permeability of three formulations were also carried out. Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in beagle dogs with administration dose of 200mg to assess bioavailability in-vivo compared with commercial tablet. The results showed that the presence of a small amount of polymeric precipitation inhibitor [PVP] effectively sustained supersaturated state by retarding precipitation kinetics. The mean particle size after dispersion was about 33.7 nm and the release rate from S-SMEDDS was significantly higher than the commercial tablet in-vitro. S-SMEDDS formulation with precipitation inhibitor decreased impairment to cells due to a lower surfactant level compared to SMEDDS. The absorption of S-SMEDDS in-vivo resulted in about 5-fold increase in bioavailability compared with the commercial tablet and the reproducibility of plasma concentration profiles intra-individual was improved remarkably. This study demonstrates that S-SMEDDS technology provide an effective approach for improving the extent of absorption of poorly-soluble drugs with low level of surfactant