Conservative management of malocclusion in mixed dentition.

The treatment planning in mixed dentition period has changed from extraction to non extraction. Any orthodontic treatment must take into consideration the growth trends and the pubertal growth spurt. The two cases presented here were treated during mixed dentition period in different ways: one with fixed appliances and the other with removable myofunctional appliance therapy, with satisfactory results. Hence for a conservative treatment approach, the non-extraction treatment is recommended in mixed dentition period.

Nasal mucociliary clearance in adenotonsillar hypertrophy.

The nasal mucociliary clearance time was studied using Andersen saccharin method in 50 normal children and 50 age and sex matched patients of adenotonsillar hypertrophy, which was repeated one month after adenotonsillectomy. The normal mucociliary clearance time in healthy children was found to be 8.55 +/- 2.11 minutes. A significant impairment in nasal mucociliary clearance time was noted in children suffering with adenotonsillar hypertrophy which was 16.97 +/- 3.1 minutes, and early adenotonsillectomy restored the mucociliary clearance to a normal 8.7 +/- 2.14 minutes.

Multiple papilloma larynx.

Multiple papilloma of larynx is caused by human papilloma virus. We treated sixteen such cases (10 males and six females) in the last 10 years. All presented with hoarseness while six presented with difficulty in respiration. Three patients needed tracheostomy, all had difficult decanulation, and one developed laryngotracheal stenosis and could not be decanulated. All were treated by surgical excision; ten had recurrence. Four patients were treated with post operative Acyclovir with no recurrence in three cases.

Early development of transient hypothyroidism after I131 therapy for thyrotoxicosis.

295 patients of Graves' disease were studied for early development of transient hypothyroidism (TH) and its prognostic value following I131 therapy. 278 patients received I131 < 10 mci (6.4 +/- 1.7 mci) and 17, a dose of > 10 mci (12.6 +/- 2.6). TH was diagnosed on the basis of low T4 regardless of TSH within the first year after I131 therapy followed by normal T4 and TSH. 32 patients developed TH following administration of < 10 mci I131 and it was symptomatic in 10 patients. No instance of TH after high dose of I131 was noted. I131 uptake > 60% at 2 hours before treatment was a risk factor for developing TH (odds ratio 2.6, 95% confidence interval 0.8-9.6). At diagnosis of TH basal TSH was high in 53%, normal in 32%, or low in 15%; Hypothyroidism recognized during the first six months with basal TSH of 50 microU/ml or higher ruled out TH. Development of TH and its hormonal profile did not influence long term thyroid functions. As no prognostic factors predicted TH before I131 therapy or at the time of diagnosis, re-evaluation of thyroid functions later is essential to avoid unnecessary chronic replacement therapy, if hypothyroidism has been diagnosed within a few months of I131 treatment.