Urinary tract infection during infancy: a one year experience at prince Hashim Ben Al-Hussein hospital

To describe the clinical and radiological findings in infants with the diagnosis of urinary tract infection in at Prince Hashem Ben Al-Hussien Hospital. A retrospective study was done at Prince Hashim Ben Al-Hussein Hospital, Zarqa city. The medical records of all infants admitted to the pediatric ward with the final diagnosis of urinary tract infection from May 2011 to May 2012 were reviewed. Tabulation and simple statistical analysis of the collected data was done. The total number of patients was 66. A 66.6% were female. The median age was 4.6 months with an age range from one week to 12 months. The most common symptoms were fever [86%], diarrhea [48%], vomiting [41%], irritability [39%] and anorexia [32%]. Laboratory abnormalities were: elevated C reactive protein [82%], leukocytosis [73%] and pyuria [64%]. The most common pathogen was Escherichia coli in 88.9%. Dimercaptosuccinic acid scan showed renal parenchymal abnormalities in 35%. A voiding cystourethrogram showed vesicoureteral reflux in 27.2%. Urinary tract infection at infancy has no specific sign and symptoms at presentation; thus high index of suspicion is mandatory which will help in better recognition of the risks of urinary tract infection and prompt diagnosis and therapy

Emergence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cross-infection in children with cystic fibrosis attending an Iranian referral pediatric center

This study was carried out with the objective of determining the genomic variability of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients suffering from cystic fibrosis or from environmental cultures collected from different locations in the unit they admitted. A total of 57 clinical and environmental P. aeruginosa isolates were genotyped by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR [ERIC-PCR], and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute method. One predominant ERIC profile [type A] was identified in 46 strains [81% of all typed isolates] which was responsible for thirty-nine of 44 clinical isolates [89%] and 7 of 13 environmental isolates [54%]. All clinical isolates were susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime and cefepime followed by ticarcillin, aztreonam, amikacin and tobramycin [96.5%].In our country CF patients are not segregated from other patients, and transmission of bacteria between these patients and other patients might occur in the wards via personal contact or contaminated environment. Future evaluation for policy of patient segregation is necessary and the elimination of contaminated sources and control of environmental spread and recurrent contamination risk is needed.

Effect of dexmedetomidine added to spinal bupivacaine for urological procedures

To determine the effect of adding dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine for neuraxial anesthesia. Sixty-six patients were studied between April and May 2008 in the University of Jordan, Amman Jordan. They were randomly assigned into 3 groups, each receiving spinal bupivacaine 12.5mg combined with normal saline [group N] Dexmedetomidine 5ug [group D5], or dexmedetomidine 10ug [group D10]. The onset times to reach T10 sensory and Bromage 3 motor block, and the regression times to reach S1 sensory level and Bromage 0 motor scale, were recorded. The mean time of sensory block to reach the T10 dermatome was 4.7 +/- 2.0 minutes in D10 group, 6.3 +/- 2.7 minutes in D5, and 9.5 +/- 3.0 minutes in group N. The mean time to reach Bromage 3 scale was 10.4 +/- 3.4 minutes in group D10, 13.0 +/- 3.4 minutes in D5, and 18.0 +/- 3.3 minutes in group N. The regression time to reach S1 dermatome was 338.9 +/- 44.8 minutes in group D10, 277.1 +/- 23.2 minutes in D5, and 165.5 +/- 32.9 minutes in group N. The regression to Bromage 0 was 302.9 +/- 36.7 minutes in D10, 246.4 +/- 25.7 minutes in D5, and 140.1 +/- 32.3 minutes in group N. Onset and regression of sensory and motor block were highly significant [N vesus D5, N versus D10, and D5 versus D10, p<0.001]. Dexmedetomidine has a dose dependant effect on the onset and regression of sensory and motor block when used as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia

[Effect of HMG-CoA reductase and ACAT inhibition on protein and phospholipid contents of VLDL1 and VLDL2 in guinea pig model]

Objective: To compare the effect of HMG-CoA reductase and ACAT inhibition on the protein and phospholipid contents of perfusate VLDL1 and VLDL2

Design: Experimental study

Animal: Guina pig

Procedure: After anesthesia and abdominal surgery, guinea pig liver was perfused by Krebs-Henslite buffer through completely closed perfusion system.In continue the effect of progesterone, lovastatin and progesterone plus lovastatin on the perfusate VLDL1 and VLDL2 contents was studied.For this reason, VLDL fractions were separarted by cumulative flotation ultracentrifugation ,confirmed by electrone microscopy and in each pool total protein[TOP], total lipid and phospholipid [PL] were measured

Statistical analysis: Percent of 90 minute point mean secretion were compared among different treatment groups by ANOVA.Moreover, slope linear regression between each of treatment group and control was analyzed by t-student test

Results: Progesterone has no significant effect on total lipid,TOP and PL contents of VLDL1 while percent slope changes of linear regression for VLDL2 contents show a significant decrease in lovastatin treatment group [P<0.05]. Lovastatin lowers total lipid [by 20%] in VLDLI and [by 41%] in VLDL2.PL decrease is 20% in VLDL1 and 39% VLDL2.These changes in Progesterone plus lovastatin treatment group are 20% and 40% for total lipid and 21% and 44% for phospholipid

Clinical implications: The effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on smaller VLDL2 is more than larger VLDL1.These findings are important for using of LDL animal as a model for studying of lipoprotein disorders

Determination of cultural conditions for the production of rhamnolipid biosurfactant by pseudomonas aeruginosa RB 28

The ability of [20] bacterial isolates of the genus Pseudomonas isolates was tested to produce biosurfactant using crude oil as carbon source. P.aeruginosa RB28 was selected for its high ability to produce biosurfactant. The optimal conditions for production of biosurfactant from RB 28 strain were studied, the results showed that sunflower oil [4%], urea [6g/l], Mg[++] [0.5g/I], Fe[++] [0.008 g/1], Ca[++] [0.05g/l], pH 7.0 and temperature between 30-34 °C after 60 hours of incubation. The maximum production of rharnnolipid [7g/l] was obtained after using these optimum conditions

Extra adrenal phaeochromocytoma: a case report

phaeochromocytoma of extra adrenal origin is a rare tumour. We present here such a case encountered in Kuwait. Although the clinical manifestations in our case were straightforward because of its extra adrenal origin localisation was delayed. Eventually the tumour was located and successfully resected