To Study Adverse Effect following Immunization (AEFI) and COVID-19 Infection amongst COVID-19 Vaccine Benefeciaries

Introduction: Coronavirus disease associated mucormycosis (CAM), perturbed a lot by reaching to epidemic proportions particularly during the second wave of the pandemic. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study of patients with COVID-19-associated mucomycosis admitted in April-May 2021 at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Demographic profile, clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded Multidisciplinary treatment including antifungals and surgical interventions were noted. Results: This study included 98patients of mucormycosis, diagnosed on the basis of clinical and radiological findings and later were confirmed by microbiological investigations. Out of 98 patients, 72 had rhino orbital, 24 had rhino-orbital- cerebral and 2 had pulmonary mucormycosis. Twelve had coinfection of covid 19 while 86 had developed mucormycosis within 3 weeks. Conclusion: CAM has posed as a continuum of challenges faced during the pandemic of covid 19. This rare and life threatening complication requires high index of suspicion for early diagnosis. Multidisciplinary involvement and timely interventions including antifungal pharmacotherapy, stringent glycemic control and surgical debridement can reduce the mortality. Mucormycosis is uniformly associated with low iron levels but role of zinc needs to be further studied

Optimization of Diltiazem hydrochloride osmotic formulation using QBD approach

Abstract Diltiazem hydrochloride (DLH) is a calcium channel blocker useful for the treatment of angina pectoris, arrhythmia, and hypertension. DLH having a short half-life needs frequent administration for successful treatment but this poses a problem of poor patient compliance. These requirements are served by elementary osmotic pump tablets (EOP) based controlled-release (CR) systems. Quality by design (QbD) approach assists in screening various factors with subsequent assessment of critical parameters that can have a major impact on the scalability of EOP. Tablets were formulated using wet granulation method followed by osmotic coating. Factorial design based QbD strategy aided in defining the risk assessment of influential variables such as hydrophilic polymers and osmotic coat component on the in-vitro release kinetics of the designed EOP tablets. These formulated EOP systems followed zero-order kinetics, a characteristic feature of EOPs. EOP tablets were formulated applying a systematic QbD statistical approach. The formulated DLH EOP systems with improved concentration-independent behavior helped to address the challenges of IR formulation. Application of QbD strategy in ascertaining the scalability of DLH EOP formulation would help pharmaceutical industries in the translation of EOP based drug delivery systems from R&D to market.

Career Profile Of Community Medicine Alumni Of A Premier Teaching College Of Mumbai

Introduction: Diverse Factors influence medical student’s choice of eventual careers. Community Medicine is one of the specialities taken up at various hospitals by a number of doctors. This study was planned to review the career opportunities taken by doctors who passed MD Community Medicine or Diploma in Public Health from a premier teaching college located in Mumbai, Maharashtra. Results: 163 students were enrolled since 2009 off which 53 were currently pursuing either MD/DPH course. Data was collected for this study in the months of September 2017 to November 2017. The career profile were grouped as Academics in MCGM, Academics in State government colleges, Public health in MCGM, state, centre, etc. Most pursued current careers were Speciality Medical Officer (bond post) in MCGM colleges (16), Academic positions in State government colleges (16), public health positions in Maharashtra state government (13) and public health in MCGM (11). Very few candidates were currently working in international or national institutions. Conclusion: This study shows that Academics and Public Health still are the major career prospects for doctors who have done MD/DPH. It could be seen that very few opted for other career options like Preventive Oncology, Health Management or Research institutes. This study recommends better maintenance of records of alumni for future contacts and career counselling for post graduate students.

Trend Analysis Of Leprosy Cases At A Primary Health Centre In Thane District Of Maharashtra

Introduction: India reports more than 60% of leprosy cases. The state of Maharashtra reported more than 15000 new cases in the year 2015-16. These figures show that we are miles away from the ultimate goal of leprosy eradication. This study was planned to analyse trends of Leprosy in a PHC located in Thane district of Maharashtra. Objectives: 1) To analyze the trends of leprosy cases in study area. 2) To give recommendations on the basis of study data. Results: The number of new cases reported fluctuates over the five year period. But the %MB cases have remained high and fairly constant which are comparable to national and state average. The % of children among Leprosy patients is on a rise with every 3rd patient being a child in last year of this Trend Analysis. The Prevalence Rate was 3.6/10000 in 2012 which went up in subsequent year and settled down at 4.4 for years 2015 and 2016. The ANCDR on other hand also went up in 2013 and has shown a gradual decline between years 2014 – 2016. Conclusion: This 5 year short term study shows that though it was difficult to absolutely conclude a rising or a decreasing trend, however, the Prevalence rate of leprosy cases in study area remained constant and the ANCDR showed a decline over most of study period.