The biological mechanisms of anhedonia in depression / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Anhedonia is the loss of pleasure or lack of reaction to pleasurable stimuli, which is a promising phenotype of depression. In order to explore the potential biological mechanism, the recent ad?vances were summarized from researches focused on depression with anhedonia from neuroanatomy,inflamma?tion and immunology,and molecular genetics. The structural and functional brain imaging showed that the ac?tivity in reward?related brain regions of the depressive disorder with an anhedonia was changed during re?ward?related tasks.In addition,some other genetic studies based on the related neurotransmitter,such as do?pamine, together with the findings from the researches on immunological inflammation, may shed light on finding the potential targets for novel antidepressants,besides the 5?HT.

A comparative study of social support and sense of security between left-behind women and non left-behind women in rural area / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To compare the difference of the sense of security and social support between left-behind women and non left-behind women in rural area.Methods Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and security questionnaire(SQ) were used to measure social support and sense of security of 98 left-behind women and 151 non left-behind women.The data was analyzed by SPSS17.0.Results ①In the social support rating,compared with the non left-behind women,the left-behind women has lower score in the total score((40.561±6.692) vs (59.722±8.699),t=18.530),determining the control factor((21.459±3.891) vs (30.013±4.950),t=14.450) and human security factor((19.102±3.737) vs (29.709±4.849),t=18.392) and the differences were statistical significant(all P＜0.05).②In the social support rating scale,left-behind women had lower scores in total score,exploitation degree of support,subjective support and objective support than the left-behind women(all P＜0.05).③The total score and each factor score of security scale,and the total score and each factor score of social support rating scale in the left-behind women showed significantly positively correlated(r=0.245-0.507,P＜0.05).Conclusion The sense of security and social support of the left behind women were worse than that of non left-behind women.It is necessary to carry out psychological intervention for them.

Comparative study on self-concept and self-esteem between the sub-orphan and the common children / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To compare the difference of the self-concept and self-esteem between the common and sub-orphan children,and explore the correlation of the self-concept and self-esteem.It can provide objective basis for appropriate psychological intervention.Methods Across-sectional survey,185 sub-orphan children of a sub-orphan charity school and 167 common children were investigated,Children's Self-concept Scale(PHCSS) and Children 's Self-esteem scale (CSES) were used to measure the self-concept and self-esteem.Results (1) There was no significant difference on total score of PHCSS between two children groups ((53.30± 13.34) vs (50.83± 11.53),t=1.86,P=0.06),but the score of intelligence and the situation in schools,appearance and properties,gregarious in sub-orphan children was significantly higher than that of common children,respectively((10.64±3.45) vs (9.23±3.47);(7.05±3.19) vs (6.31±2.73);(8.30±2.43) vs (7.72±1.86),P＜0.05).(2) There was no significant difference on total score of CSES between two children groups(P＞0.05),but the score of the sports and achievement of CSES in sub-orphan children was significantly less than that of common children,respectively (P＜ 0.05).(3) There was significant correlation between self-concept and self-esteem in sub-orphan children (P＜0.05).Conclusion There are some psychological problems in sub-orphan children and need to implement appropriate psychological intervention.

Study on continuous performance test in the patients with social anxiety disorder and their first degree relatives / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the features of sustained attention in the patients with social anxiety disorder and their first degree relatives.Methods 60 cases of normal controls,58 cases of patients with social anxiety disorder and 68 cases of their first degree relatives were performed with continuous performance test.Results In reaction time task(a simple performance),all of CPT parameters in patient group (number of cancel (5.2±6.9),number of omission(6.7± 13.6),reaction time(421.0± 112.0) ms,variance coefficient(47.3±38.1) ％)were higher than those in the first degree relatives group(number of cancel (2.9± 3.3),number of omission (1.5±2.1),reaction time (342.0±47.0) ms,variance coefficient(28.9± 10.1) ％) and controlled group (number of cancel (2.8 ± 2.9),number of omission (1.3 ± 0.7),reaction time (329.0 ± 53.0) ms,variance coefficient (27.8± 9.7) ％),the differences were significant(P＜0.01),while all of CPT parameters in the first degree relatives were similar to those in controlled group(P＞0.05).In X task (a complex performance),the results of CPT in the first degree relatives were between the patients and the normal controls,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The anxiety disorder patients showed no sustained attention impairment in simple performance while in a complex performance there were some defects of sustained attention functions in the patients with social anxiety disorder and their first degree relatives.

Cultivation of professional master degree postgraduate of mental health and psychiatry / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Psychiatric professional talents is specially needed in China.Our university was ratified by ministry of education of people's republic of China in 2011 to cultivate professional master degree postgraduates majoring in mental health and psychiatry.According to the social needs and requirements of ministry of education,we carried out comprehensive reform and exploration in cultivation direction and objective,time management and course offering,cultivating model,examination and evaluation system.Cultivation direction included clinical psychiatry,forensic psychiatry,community psychiatry,behavioral medicine and clinical psychology,which were closely related with social needs.The objective was to cultivate high-grade psychiatric special talents with higher political diathesis,competent clinical skills,certain teaching and research abilities and grasping one foreign language.The total time for cultivating clinical skills should no less than two years and a half.Course offering included degree course and non - degree course,clinical skills,academic activities,teaching practice,medical record arrangement or case analysis essay writing.We developed the cultivating model combining ‘ medicine,study and research' and developed multilevel and comprehensive examination and evaluation system.

Study on the event-related potentials P300 of schizophrenic patients with aggressive or violent behaviors / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the electrophysiological mechanisms of the schizophrenic patients with aggressive or violent behaviors.MethodsAccess the aggressive behaviors of schizophrenic patients being treated in hospitals or clinics with the revised MOAS in accordance with the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria,and sort the qualified patients into two groups:the group of aggressive or violent schizophrenia (Aggressive Group,n=70) and the group of non-aggressive or non-violent schizophrenia ( Non-Aggressive Group,n =65 ) ; 60 age- and gendermatched healthy people were collected as Healthy Group.P300 tests were carried out on patients in these three groups with the MEB-9200 Nicolet Bravo Instrument by the Nihon Kohden Corporation.Results ( 1 ) latency P3a of the Aggressive Group on Cz point exceeded that of the Non-Aggressive Group (P =0.01 ),and that of the Non-Aggressive Group exceeded that of the Healthy Group.All these disparities were of statistical significance (P ＜0.01 ).Latency P3a of the Aggressive Group on Fz point exceeds that of the Non-Aggressive Group,and that of the Non-Aggressive Group exceeded that of Healthy Group.All these disparities are also of stafistical significance (P＜0.01).(2)N2' amplitude of the Aggressive Group on Cz point was higher than those of the Non-Aggressive Group and the Healthy Group.This disparity was of statistical significance(P ＜ 0.05 ) and the disparity between the Non-Aggressive Group and the Healthy Group did not have statistical significance (P =0.985 ).ConclusionCharacteristic electrophysiological changes exist in the event-related potentials P300 of schizophrenic patients with aggressive or violent behaviors.

Exploring and practice on talent cultivating model of psychiatric major / 中华医学教育探索杂志

To construct the talent cultivating model of psychiatric major suited to our county's actual situation.Jining medical university has conducted explorations and practices persistently in aspects of cultivating objective,enrollment model,course system,teaching quality monitoring system and inspirational education through more than twenty years maneuver.Jining medical university has initially grasped the basic rules of cultivating talents of psychiatric major and has constructed talent cultivating model of psychiatric majors suited to our country's actual situation.

Control study of behavioral and emotional problem between local children and victimized children migrated out of disaster area one year after earthquake / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the behavioral and emotional status of the migrated children one year after they were victimized from earthquake in Wenchuan. Methods 513 victimized children migrated out of disaster area were investigated, with Achenback Child Behavior Checklist ( CBCL), the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED)and Depression Self-rating Scale for Children (DSRSC). The controls were local children ( n = 475 ) coming from the same schools. Results 487 answered files were validated. There were significant differences between the victimized and migrated children and the local children in many scores of CBCL, such as total sores( (26.73 ±6.28)Vs (20.26 ±5.76), t= 16.64, P＜0. 01 ) and withdrawal( (3.23 ±1. 68 ) Vs ( 2.02 ± 1.43 ), t = 12.91, P ＜ 0.01 ), somatization complaining( ( 2.79 ± 1. 34 ) Vs ( 1.67 ± 1.22 ), t =13.55, P ＜ 0. 01 ) and anxiety-depression scores ( ( 3.38 ± 1.79 ) Vs ( 1.95 ± 1. 21 ), t = 14.48, P ＜ 0.01 ), as well as its factors such as social problem, attentional problem, attack behavior, internalizing behavior, social communication and school scores. On the SCARED and DSRSC, the two groups were significantly different in total scores of anxiety and depression as well as in such factors as somatization, generalized anxiety, separated anxiety. Conclusion Though migrated out of the earthquake area, the victimised children still suffer obviously from behavioral problems, and anxious and depressive emotion one year after the earthquake.

The comparative study of effects of mental stress and physiological stress on the anxiety behavior in Sprague-Dawley rats / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To compare the effects of mental stress and physical stress on the anxiety behavior in SD rats.Methods 24 male SD rats were allocated into mental stress group,physiological stress group and control group randomly,and the Communication Box was applied to establish animal model of mental stress,then assessed their anxiety behavior through the Open field test and elevated plus nlaze test.Results In the Open field test.the numbers of squares crossed peripherally and centrally,and the grooming frequency significantly lowered in physiological stress group and in mental stress group compared with that in control group,and were significantly higher in mental stress group than in physiological stress group.The elevated plus maze test demonstrated similar results in the numbers of open arm entries and the time spent in open arms among these three groups.Conclusion In Communication Box model,the anxiety behavior level of physiological stress mats were higher than that in mental stress rats.

Studies of intelligence level in Tourette syndrome patients / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective　To evaluate the intelligence level and different subscales in TS patients. Methods　64 patients with TS and 60 normal children were evaluated with C-WISC. Results　The intelligence quotient of most TS patients fluctuated between normal and borderline range, all subscales except Vocabulary and knowledge, PIQ, VIQ and FIQ were significantly lower in TS patients than in controls (P＜0.05), the balance between PIQ and VIQ was poor in TS patients. Conclusion　The intelligent quotient of TS patients was lower than that of normal children, TS patients had more imbalance in intelligence development.

Determination of Vitexin in Cajanus cajan(L.) Millsp. by HPLC / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To develop a quantitative method to determine vitexin in Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Methods The chromatographic conditions were as follows: column C18(250 mm? 4.6 mm, 5 ? m) , mobile phase being MeOH ∶ 1 % HAC (25 ∶ 75) for 20 mins and then being MeOH ∶ 1 % HAC (30 ∶ 70) after 20 mins, flow rate at 1.0 mL/min, and wavelength at 339 nm. Results The good linearity of this method was in the range of 0.104 4～ 0.522 ? g (r=0.999 4), and the average recovery of vitexin was 100.11 % ( RSD =0.63 % ).Conclusion The method is simple and sensitive with good stability, it can be suitable for the quality control of vitexin in Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp..

Effect of Acupuncture Combined with Guishen Decoction on Serum ASAb Level ofRat Models with Immulogical Infertility / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture combined with Guishen Decoction (GD) on serum antisperm antibody (ASAb) level of rat models with immunological infertility. Methods Active immunization was used to establish rat models with positive serum ASAb. Eighty SD rats were alloc ated to four group s: Group A (treated with acupuncture and GD), Group B( treated with GD), Group C (treated with acupuncture), Group D (model control group). GD is composed of Ra dix Re hmanniae Praeparata, Semen Cuscutae, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Rhizoma Dioscorae, Fructus Lycii, Ramulus Loranthi, etc.. Results The negative rate of serum A SAb in Group A was significant higher than that in Group B and Group C (P

Respect the Right of Informed Consent in Psychotics / 中国医学伦理学

Owing to reasons of social culture, the principle of informed consent is not fully implemented among psychotics. The author introduced the basis and range of application of informed consent, the capacity of informed consent in psychotics, and how to implement the principles also. As mentioned above, the author pointed out the informed consent of psychotics should be regarded.