Calidad de vida del estudiante universitario antes y durante la pandemia de Covid-19 / College student quality of life before and during the Covid-19 pandemic

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comparar la calidad de vida del estudiante universitario antes y durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Materiales y métodos: Descriptivo, prospectivo, comparativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 390 estudiantes de una universidad pública peruana. Se aplicó el Índice de Calidad de Vida de Mezzich (Alfa de Cronbach= 0,870). Los datos fueron recogidos antes y durante la pandemia . Resultados: La edad promedio de los estudiantes fue de 19.3+1.6 años, 73 % de sexo femenino, 98,7 % solteros, 90,3 % convivía con la familia y 87,9 % no trabajaba. El 24,9 % estudiaba medicina humana, 16,7 % enfermería, 11,8 % trabajo social y el 46,6 % restante estudió otras carreras. Al comparar la calidad de vida general y sus dimensiones de los estudiantes, se encontró que durante la pandemia las puntuaciones promedio disminuyeron con diferencias estadísticas significativas, a excepción de Bienestar físico y Apoyo social-emocional. Así mismo, hubo disminución de la calidad de vida en las variables ocupación, forma de convivencia y carrera (p<0.05). Los varones obtuvieron mejores puntuaciones de calidad de vida, a excepción de la dimensión Funcionamiento interpersonal (p<0.05). Conclusiones: la calidad de vida de los estudiantes universitarios en la pandemia de Covid-19 se vio afectada en su vida personal y en su preparación como futuros profesionales, enfrentando grandes retos de adaptación; siendo las mujeres las más afectadas.

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the quality of life of the university student before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: Descriptive, prospective, comparative. The sample consisted of 390 students from a Peruvian public university. The Mezzich Quality of Life Index (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.870) was applied. The data was collected before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Results: The average age of the students was 19.3 + 1.6 years, 73 % female, 98.7 % single, 90.3 % lived with the family and 87.9% did not work. 24.9 % studied human medicine, 16.7 % nursing, 11.8 % social work and the remaining 46.6 % studied other careers. When comparing the students' general quality of life and its dimensions, it was found that during the pandemic, the average scores decreased with statistically significant differences, except for Physical well-being and Social-emotional support. Likewise, there was a decrease in the quality of life in the variable's occupation, the form of coexistence, and career (p <0.05). Men obtained better quality of life scores except for the Interpersonal Functioning dimension (p <0.05). Conclusions: the quality of life of university students in the Covid-19 pandemic was affected in their personal life and their preparation as future professionals, facing great adaptation challenges, with women being the most affected.

Significant Rise in SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Rate in Vaccinated Hospital Workers during the Omicron Wave: A Prospective Cohort Study

ABSTRACT Background: Relatively low SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rates have been reported in vaccinated individuals, but updates considering the Omicron variant are lacking. Objective: The objective of the study was to provide a current estimate of the SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate in a highly immunized population. Methods: A prospective cohort of Mexican hospital workers was followed (March 2020-February 2022). Reinfection was defined as the occurrence of two or more episodes of COVID-19 separated by a period of ≥ 90 days without symptoms. The reinfection rate was calculated as the number of reinfection episodes per 100,000 persons per day. Results: A total of 3732 medical consultations were provided to 2700 workers, of whom 1388 (51.4%) were confirmed COVID-19 cases. A total of 73 reinfection cases were identified, of whom 71 (97.3%) had completed their primary vaccination series and 22 (30.1%) had had a booster dose before the second episode. The overall reinfection rate was 23.1 per 100,000 persons per day (as compared to a rate of 1.9 per 100,000 persons per day before the Omicron wave). Conclusions: The SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate rose significantly during the Omicron wave despite a high primary vaccination coverage rate. Almost one-third of reinfected workers had a vaccine booster ≥ 14 days before the last COVID-19 episode.

Factors Associated with COVID-19 and Asymptomatic Carriage in Healthcare Workers of a COVID-19 Hospital

ABSTRACT Background: Risk factors for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) asymptomatic carriage (AC) in healthcare workers (HCWs) have been scarcely characterized. Objective: The objective of the study was to study factors associated with COVID-19 and AC in HCWs of a COVID-19 academic medical center. Methods: This is a case-control study. Cases were either symptomatic or asymptomatic HCWs with a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test result between March 16 and May 21 of 2020. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated by means of multivariable logistic regression. In addition, each subject was followed for 14 days to inform outcomes. Results: One hundred thirty of 249 (52.2%) symptomatic HCWs had COVID-19; 10 were hospitalized but none died. Of 987 asymptomatic HCWs, 37 (3.7%) were AC; 6 of the remaining 950 asymptomatic HCWs with a negative PCR test result were found to be presymptomatic COVID-19 cases the following 14 days. Nurses were more frequently present in the COVID-19 group (51.5% vs. 37.0%), but multivariable analysis rendered non-significant results. After adjustment for age, comorbidities, and working place, factors found to be associated with AC were: working in wards as a nurse (aOR = 9.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05-80.22, p = 0.045), kitchen personnel (aOR = 4.09, 95% CI = 1.55-10.83, p = 0.005), and being a physician (aOR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.03-0.54, p = 0.006). Conclusions: HCW category was the predominant factor associated with AC of SARS-CoV-2 in this study.

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with covid-19 in a tertiary care center in Mexico City: a prospective cohort study

ABSTRACT Background: Regional information regarding the characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is needed for a better understanding of the pandemic. Objective: The objective of the study to describe the clinical features of COVID-19 patients diagnosed in a tertiary-care center in Mexico City and to assess differences according to the treatment setting (ambulatory vs. hospital) and to the need of intensive care (IC). Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort, including consecutive patients with COVID-19 from February 26, 2020 to April 11, 2020. Results: We identified 309 patients (140 inpatients and 169 outpatients). The median age was 43 years (interquartile range, 33-54), 59.2% men, and 18.6% healthcare workers (12.3% from our center). The median body mass index (BMI) was 29.00 kg/m2 and 39.6% had obesity. Compared to outpatients, inpatients were older, had comorbidities, cough, and dyspnea more frequently. Twenty-nine (20.7%) inpatients required treatment in the IC unit (ICU). History of diabetes (type 1 or 2) and abdominal pain were more common in ICU patients compared to non-ICU patients. ICU patients had higher BMIs, higher respiratory rates, and lower room-air capillary oxygen saturations. ICU patients showed a more severe inflammatory response as assessed by white blood cell count, neutrophil and platelet count, C-reactive protein, ferritin, procalcitonin, and albumin levels. By the end of the study period, 65 inpatients had been discharged because of improvement, 70 continued hospitalized, and five had died. Conclusions: Patients with comorbidities, either middle-age obese or elderly complaining of fever, cough, or dyspnea, were more likely to be admitted. At admission, patients with diabetes, high BMI, and clinical or laboratory findings consistent with a severe inflammatory state were more likely to require IC.

Acercamiento al proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de estadística en el currículo de Medicina / An approach to the teaching and learning procces of statistics in the Medicine degree program

Aprender Estadística en la carrera de Medicina de la universidad cubana exige a los estudiantes explotar sus competencias de razonamiento, cálculo e interpretación para obtener resultados docentes satisfactorios y apropiarse de una herramienta útil para su desempeño. Este trabajo se dedica a analizar las dificultades que confrontan para lograrlo, originadas antes y durante el proceso docente, a partir de la experiencia pedagógica de más de un decenio de sus autores y la revisión bibliográfica realizada. Los resultados apuntan a la incomprensión de su estudio, el contacto efímero con la Estadística y la escasa preparación para investigar en enseñanzas precedentes, la mala base matemática, el alto nivel de abstracción de los contenidos de Inferencia Estadística y el mecanicismo en la solución de problemas y al interactuar con paquetes estadísticos(AU)

Learning Statistics in Cuban University's Medicine career demands the students to develop reasoning, calculation and interpretation abilities for obtaining good marks and also to appropriate useful tools for their performance. This paper is dedicated to analyse the difficulties that they confront to achieve it, originated before and during the educational process, on the base of the educational experience of more than a decade of the authors and the carried out bibliographical revision. The results point to the incomprehension of the reason why Statistics is studied in the medical students curriculum, the ephemeral contact with it and the inadequate preparation to investigate, in precedent teachings, the insufficient mathematics knowledge, the high level of abstraction of the contents of Statistical Inference and the mecanicism in the solution of problems and also when interacting with statistical software(AU)

Anomalías congénitas quirúrgicas / Congenital surgical anormalities

Se trata de un estudio transversal descriptivo en el que se pretende analizar los pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Recién Nacidos del Hospital Infantil Dr. Robert Reid Cabral con anomalías congénitas quirúrgicas y que fueron manejados por el Servicio de Cirugía General en el período septiembre 1991 a septiembre 1992. El número de niñoz estudiados fue de 58 que representan el 9.4//del total de internados en la Unidad en dicho período. Las anomalías anorrectales y el onfalocele ocupan el primer lugar con 13 casos cada uno (22.4//). Se discute la evolución de estos niños, resultando que el 24//de los intervenidos falleció. Se destaca que de los fallecidos, el 23//presentaba anomalías congénitas asociadas. Anomalías congénitas, Malformaciones congénitas quirúrgicas, Recién nacidos

Síndrome de Job-Buckey (hipergammaglubulinemia E): comunicación de un caso / Job-Buckey Syndrome (hypergammaglubulinemia E): communicating one case

Se presenta un caso de un paciente masculino de 3 años de edad con historia de dermatitis atópica desde los 15 días de nacido, ingresado por osteomielitis, neumonía y absceso pulmonar, estafilococcemía, abscesos múltiples, otitis media, toxoplasmosis y moniliasis oral. Encontrándose como dato de importancia los niveles de Ig E en sangre igual a 2,000 uds., llegándose a la conclusión diagnóstica de Síndrome de Job-Buckey. Síndrome Job-Buckey, hiperinmunoglo-bulinemia E

Trastornos reproductivos en trabajadoras de Zona Franca Industrial, San Pedro de Macorís, República Dominicana, 1989 / Reproductive disorders in woman working at the Industrial Free Zone, San Pedro de Macorís, Dominican Republic, 1989

El presente informe está constituido por la ponencia presentada por la Dra. Amalia del Riego en el Primer Congreso Puertorriqueño Mujer y Salud en representación del Centro de Investigación para la Acción Femenina (CIPAF). En el mismos se presentan resultados preliminares de la Investigación "Trastornos Reproductivos en Trabajadores de Zona Franca Industrial en San Pedro de Macoris"