Prevalencia de obesidad en caninos entre los años 2015-2018 en el Hospital Veterinario Universitario de Chile: incidencia de obesidad en caninos / Prevalence of obesity in canines between 2015-2018 in a university veterinary hospital in Chile

ANTECEDENTES: La obesidad es un problema con alta prevalencia al día de hoy en los animales de compañía. Estudios sobre prevalencia de obesidad en caninos han sido realizados a nivel mundial, pero hasta ahora no ha habido estudios realizados en Chile. OBJETIVO: Establecer la distribución de la obesidad en nuestro país por medio del estudio retrospectivo de fichas analizadas en pacientes caninos en un hospital de referencia entre 2015 y 2018. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se analizaron 3.500 fichas de pacientes nuevos atendidos, de estas fichas se reclutaron 733 pacientes con registro de condición corporal. Se utilizó la escala de 9 puntos, estableciendo condición corporal normal 5 de 9, sobrepeso 6 y 7 de 9; y obesidad 8 y 9 de 9. RESULTADOS: Al evaluar la distribución de la obesidad en pacientes caninos, se encontró la presencia de sobrepeso en un 26%, y obesidad en un 19,3%; en total un 4,3% de los pacientes presentan un estado de condición corporal sobre el ideal. CONCLUSIÓN: La obesidad encontrada en nuestro país corresponde a un poco menos 1/4 de los pacientes estudiados, pero casi un 50% de los pacientes analizados tenían condición corporal sobre el ideal, ambos datos se asemejan a los datos internacionales publicados en los últimos años en caninos.

INTRODUCTION: Studies of the obesity prevalence in canines have been carried out worldwide, but until now there have been no studies carried out in Chile. OBJECTIVE: To establish the distribution of obesity in our country through the retrospective study of records analyzed in canine patients in a reference hospital between 2015 and 2018. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 3500 files of new patients attended were analyzed, from these files 733 patients with a body condition record were recruited. The 9-point scale was used, establishing normal body condition 5 out of 9, overweight 6 and 7 out of 9; and obesity 8 and 9 of 9. RESULTS: When evaluating the distribution of obesity in canine patients, the presence of overweight was found in 26%, and overweight in 19.3%; in total, 45.3% of the patients present a state of body condition above the ideal. CONCLUSION: The obesity found in our country corresponds to a little less 1/4 of the patients studied, but almost 50% of the patients analyzed had body condition above the ideal, both data resemble the international data published in recent years in canines.

Incidencia de enfermedades endocrinas en caninos entre los años 2013-2016 en un hospital veterinario universitario de Chile / Incidence of endocrine diseases in canines between 2013-2016 in a universitary hospital in Chile

It has been shown that there is an association between air pollution and cardiovascular mortality. In bone pathology, studies show that air pollution is associated with a risk of developing osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture associated with MP2.5 and nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ). The aim of our study was to determine whether or not there is an association between air pollution and osteoporotic disease, associating the incidence of femoral neck fracture in individuals aged 50 years or more and the contamination present in the several cities. Our results showed no statistically significant association between air pollution, evaluated using PM10 and PM2.5 as indicators, and the average annual incidence of osteoporotic hip fracture, comparing the most polluted cities and the less polluted cities of Chile

Revisión sobre el uso de microRNA en la detección temprana de diabetes mellitus en caninos / Review on the use of microRNA in the early detection of diabetes mellitus in canines

Diabetes mellitus in canines corresponds to a pathology whose etiopathogenesis has not yet been fully understood, since it has a great similarity with human type 1 diabetes mellitus, but the same risk factors have not been found. New diagnostic methods have been investigated in recent years in diabetic murine models, among which microRNAs have been studied as early markers of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In canines a homology has been found between microRNAs 21, microRNA 34, microRNA 29, and microRNA 146a with those studied in human and murine diabetics. This would imply that the study of these microRNAs may have a great impact on the early detection of diabetes in canines and be a model for the study of new microRNAs that may be implicated in the development of diabetes in humans.

Revisión del uso de insulinas sintéticas en caninos como modelo de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 / Review of the use of synthetic insulins in caninesas a model of type 1 diabetes mellitus

Because there are not related to synthetic insulin types and their specific use in canine studies in Chile, it became a literature review of the insulins present in Chile most used in dogs, to analyze and discuss data on insulin therapy diabetes mellitus, deepening mainly in the disease either both in its etiology, and epidemiology in our country, which was demonstrated through characterization incidence of canine patients with endocrine diseases at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Chile between 2012 and 2015. Given the importance of this disease in human endocrinology, it is that studying the effects of various insulins in dogs, can generate an appropriate model level research pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of insulins available in our country, which constitutes the canine model as a suitablemodel of study for human medicine, and generate future scientific research.