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Background: Co-occurrence of personality disorders with other psychiatric disorders has also been well documented by many researchers in the past. Diagnosing co occurring personality disorders in psychiatric patients with is of strong clinical significance, considering their association with the duration, recurrence, and outcome of these disorders. They also can have wide range of other adverse health outcomes. However, most of the existing literature regarding the studies related to personality disorders (PDs) in India is confined to community and mental hospitals. Aim: To study the prevalence and factors affecting personality disorders in a general hospital psychiatry unit. Materials and methods: The study was a cross sectional study conducted in a psychiatric unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital in south India. ICD-10, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersIV Personality Disorders (SCID-II) were used. Results: A total of 116 participants were included in the study. Majority of the participants were between 26 to 45 years of age. The prevalence of personality disorder was 21.55% (95%CI 14.07 to 29.03) among the study population. The most common type of personality disorder was avoidance (7.7%), followed Maanasa T J, Sivabackiya C, Srinivasan B, Shajahan Ismail, Sabari Sridhar OT, Kailash S. A cross sectional study on prevalence and pattern of personality disorders in psychiatric inpatients of a tertiary care hospital. IAIM, 2016; 3(5): 94-100. Page 95 by anti social (5.17%) and borderline (3.45%) personality disorders. Highest proportion of PD was seen in people with major depressive disorder (35.7%), followed by people with multiple psychiatric illness (31.6%) and Psychotic disorders/mood disorders with psychosis (18.9%). Conclusion: The proportion of personality disorders was highest in 26 to 35 year age group, was higher in males, compared to females. People who studied up to primary school had higher proportion of PD, compared to other educational categories. The proportion was higher in people belonging to higher socio economic strata, people who are separated and people from nuclear family.
RESUMO
Introduction: Stroke is global health problem and is a leading cause of disability. It is usually the end result of predisposing conditions that originated years before the ictus. Identification of its modifiable risk factors can help in planning preventive strategies. The present study aims at evaluating the role of various risk factors in stroke and their effect on functional outcome in ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on total of 150 new onset acute stroke patients admitted at a tertiary care centre. Risk factors were evaluated in all the cases. The patients were categorized as Infarction or haemorrhagic stroke based on CT findings. For the purpose of analysis, the patients were divided into two groups as Ischemic or Haemorrhagic stroke. The risk factors and outcome between the two was compared between the two using appropriate statistical measures (using SPSS ver. 20). Results: Overall the prevalence of Ischemic stroke was higher than haemorrhagic stroke (81.3% vs 18.7%). Hypertension was the single largest risk factor for stroke (50.7%) with a significant association with hemorrhagic stroke (78.6% vs 44.3%; p< 0.01). Overall mortality rate was 10.7% with a significantly poor outcome was associated with hypertension (17.1%) and IHD (31.3%). Overall survival rate was more in patients with infarct as compared to patients with IC Bleed (93.4% vs 71.4%). Conclusion: Hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes are the biggest risk factors for stroke. Preventive strategies aimed at early detection and treatment of these factors, appropriate medication, life style changes and public awareness about ill effects of cigarette smoking and excessive alcohol use can contribute in reduction of stroke burden