Construction of a machine learning model for identifying clinical high-risk carotid plaques based on radiomics / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To construct a radiomics model for identifying clinical high-risk carotid plaques. Methods     A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with carotid artery stenosis in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from December 2016 to June 2022. The patients were classified as a clinical high-risk carotid plaque group and a clinical low-risk carotid plaque group according to the occurrence of stroke, transient ischemic attack and other cerebrovascular clinical symptoms within six months. Six machine learning models including eXtreme Gradient Boosting, support vector machine, Gaussian Naive Bayesian, logical regression, K-nearest neighbors and artificial neural network were established. We also constructed a joint predictive model combined with logistic regression analysis of clinical risk factors. Results    Finally 652 patients were collected, including 427 males and 225 females, with an average age of 68.2 years. The results showed that the prediction ability of eXtreme Gradient Boosting was the best among the six machine learning models, and the area under the curve (AUC) in validation dataset was 0.751. At the same time, the AUC of eXtreme Gradient Boosting joint prediction model established by clinical data and carotid artery imaging data validation dataset was 0.823. Conclusion     Radiomics features combined with clinical feature model can effectively identify clinical high-risk carotid plaques.

Analysis of preoperative risk factors for prolonged mechanical ventilation after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To identify the preoperative risk factors for prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE). Methods    The clinical data of patients who underwent PTE from December 2016 to August 2021 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the postoperative mechanical ventilation time, including a postoperative mechanical ventilation time≤48 h group (≤48 h group) and a postoperative mechanical ventilation time>48 h (PMV) group (>48 h group). Univariable and logistic regression analysis were used to identify the preoperative risk factors for postoperative PMV. Results    Totally, 90 patients were enrolled in this study. There were 40 patients in the ≤48 h group, including 30 males and 10 females, with a mean age of 45.48±12.72 years, and there were 50 patients in the >48 h group, including 29 males and 21 females, with a mean age of 55.50±10.42 years. The results showed that in the ≤48 h group, the median postoperative ICU stay was 3.0 days, and the median postoperative hospital stay was 15.0 days; in the >48 h group, the median postoperative ICU stay was 7.0 days, and the median postoperative hospital stay was 20.0 days. The postoperative PMV was significantly correlated with tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) [OR=0.839, 95%CI (0.716, 0.983), P=0.030], age [OR=1.082, 95%CI (1.034, 1.132), P=0.001] and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) [OR=1.001, 95%CI (1.000, 1.003), P=0.028]. Conclusion    Age and PVR are the preoperative risk factors for PMV after PTE, and TAPSE is the preoperative protective factor for PMV after PTE.

Development and characteristics of auricular fumigation moxibustion combined with heat-sensitive moxibustion device / 中国针灸

A moxibustion device with the functions of auricular fumigation moxibustion and heat-sensitive moxibustion is designed. The smoke of the ignited moxa stick is used for the fumigation moxibustion at the external auditory canal, while the heat generated works on Dazhui (GV 14) for heat-sensitive moxibustion. The device consists of five parts, i.e. combustion chamber, smoke pipe, smoke processing chamber, power module and connector. It solves the limitations such as unpleasant experience in treatment, unfavorable temperature control, easy scalding and excessive manual dependence induced by usual fumigation moxibustion and during heat-sensitive moxibustion. This moxibustion device may improve the safety and convenience when delivering the treatment with fumigation moxibustion and heat-sensitive moxibustion, as well as the work efficiency of medical staff.

Characteristics of new corneal biomechanical parameters in different degrees of myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To study the characteristics of new corneal biomechanical parameters in different degrees of myopia and analyze the correlation of the new parameter stress-strain index(SSI).METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 366 adult patients(718 eyes)with different degrees of myopia who received treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University from October 2021 to November 2021, aged 18-50 years, and the spherical equivalent(SE)was -0.50～-16.75D. The axial length(AL)of the eye was measured by IOL master, and the new corneal biomechanical parameters, central corneal thickness(CCT)and intraocular pressure(IOP)were measured by corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology(Corvis ST). The subjects were categorized into low myopia, moderate myopia and high myopia groups according to SE. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Pearson correlation.RESULTS: The ratio of the thinnest corneal thickness to horizontal thickness change rate(ARTh)and SSI were statistically significant(P<0.001), while the remaining parameters were not statistically significant(P>0.05). SSI was positively correlated with age(r=0.102, P=0.006), SE(r=0.361, P<0.001), IOP(r=0.175, P<0.001), CCT(r=0.098, P=0.009), SPA1(r=0.182, P<0.001), negatively correlated with AL(r=-0.331, P<0.001), IR(r=-0.545, P<0.001)and had no correlation with other corneal biomechanical parameters(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: With the increase of myopia degree and the elongation of the axial length, the SSI value becomes smaller and the corneal hardness decreases. SSI may be a helpful corneal biomechanical indicator for future research on myopia.

Development and characteristics of automatic ash-removal heat-sensitive moxibustion device / 中国针灸

An automatic ash-removal heat-sensitive moxibustion device was developed, which could keep relatively constant temperature of heat-sensitive moxibustion, and realize the automatic ignition and automatic ash removal of moxa sticks during heat-sensitive moxibustion. The automatic ash-removal heat-sensitive moxibustion device comprises a bracket and a moxibustion box fixed on the top of the bracket; the bracket is composed of a base and a movable telescopic arm. This device can solve the problems of temperature instability, moxa ash blocking heat transfer and moxa ash falling during heat-sensitive moxibustion, avoiding the scalding caused by moxa ash falling, and reduce the workload of medical staff.

Different Head Group Dependence on the Lipid ThermodynamicProperty of the Myelin Basic Protein in the Lipid Monolayer / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

The 18. 5 kD myelin basic protein (MBP) isoform interacts with phospholipids and its role has been thought to maintain the stability and compactness of the myelin sheath structure. In this study, we describe the statistical thermodynamic theory of certain concentration effects on MBP in the majormyelin lipid (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethano-lamine (POPE), and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine(POPS)) monolayers at the air/ subphase interface via the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. A simple statistical mechanical theory is established that predicts the interaction between proteins and phosphatehead groups at low surface pressures and the second virial coefficient dependences for the PC, PE, and PS head groups are illustrated. Two-dimensional virial equation of state (2D-VES) suggested that the interaction in the monolayer structure at the MBP-myelin interface is a repulsive force, and it induces a phase change in the monolayer. This is consistent with atomic force microscope (AFM) observations of domain and aggregate structures as well as with changes in the surface morphology induced by MBP. These analyses pertaining to membrane structures will provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the establishment of the myelin membrane modeling system.

Light/dark box as an animal model of state anxiety in Kunming mouse: Conditions and factors / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the factors on behavior patterns of light/dark box(LDB)as an animal model of state anxiety in Kunming mice.Methods The behavior of adult,male,Kunming mice in LDB was recorded for five minutes,respectively.The following parameters were evaluated:percentage of time in the light area(Ltime%),percentage of squares crossing in the light area(Lcross%),percentage of rears in the light area(Lrear%),total number of squares crossing in the whole apparatus(Cross),total number of rears in the whole apparatus(Rear),total(Cross plus Rear),transitions between two areas(Transition),and number of fecal bolis in light box and dark box(Fbs).Subsequently,the factors,such as day-night rhythm,illumination area(L3/5 or L2/5 for ratio between Light box and Dark box:3:2 or 2:3,respectively),illumination color(in Dark box)and illumination intensity(in Light box),were investigated to screen the best experimental conditions.Results t-test showed that compared with night cycle,there was no significant difference in all LDB parameters during day cycle(P>0.05),while compared with 3/5 and 2/5,LDB parameters during day cycle such as Lcross%(t=5.363,P0.05),but a statistical influence of illumination area on Ltime%(F(1,20)=18.361,P0.05).Conclusions LDB as an animal model of state anxiety in Kunming mice can evaluate anxiety-,locomotion-exploration and emotionality- related behaviors,which cannot be affected by day-night rhythm,but illumination area(Ltime%,Lcross%,Lrear%),illumination color(Rear)and illumination intensity(Cross,Total).So it is recommended to adopt the uniform and fixed conditions,such as illumination area,color and intensity(less than 100 W).

Referred Somatic Hyperalgesia Mediates Cardiac Regulation by the Activation of Sympathetic Nerves in a Rat Model of Myocardial Ischemia / 神经科学通报·英文版

Myocardial ischemia (MI) causes somatic referred pain and sympathetic hyperactivity, and the role of sensory inputs from referred areas in cardiac function and sympathetic hyperactivity remain unclear. Here, in a rat model, we showed that MI not only led to referred mechanical hypersensitivity on the forelimbs and upper back, but also elicited sympathetic sprouting in the skin of the referred area and C8-T6 dorsal root ganglia, and increased cardiac sympathetic tone, indicating sympathetic-sensory coupling. Moreover, intensifying referred hyperalgesic inputs with noxious mechanical, thermal, and electro-stimulation (ES) of the forearm augmented sympathetic hyperactivity and regulated cardiac function, whereas deafferentation of the left brachial plexus diminished sympathoexcitation. Intradermal injection of the α2 adrenoceptor (α2AR) antagonist yohimbine and agonist dexmedetomidine in the forearm attenuated the cardiac adjustment by ES. Overall, these findings suggest that sensory inputs from the referred pain area contribute to cardiac functional adjustment via peripheral α2AR-mediated sympathetic-sensory coupling.

Optimization ratio between Coptis chinensis and cinnamo of Jiaotai pill plus benzodiazepines for insomnia in China:a network meta-analysis / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of Jiaotai pill (JTW) and JTW modified prescriptions (JTW+) plus benzodiazepines (BDZ) for insomnia in China by systematic review and network meta-analysis, especially optimization ratio (m:n) between Coptis chinensis and Cinnamo. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding JTW and JTW++BDZ for insomina were comprehensively searched in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and PubMed, Cochrane Library, OVID, Embase databases from their inception to December 2017. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane collab?oration's tool and Jadad scale. Systematic review and network meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the relative risk (RR) plus 95％confidence interval (95％CI) or prediction interval (95％PrI), and draw surface under the cumulative rank?ing curves (SUCRA) by Stata 14.0 and RevMan 5.0 software. RESULTS A total of 13 RCTs (1 RCT was omitted by sen?sitivity analysis) with 1040 patients were included. Overall heterogeneity was acceptable, except publication bias. Based on classical meta-analysis, JTW and JTWm:n++BDZ, such as JTW2:1++BDZ, JTW5:1++BDZ, JTW6:1++BDZ, JTW10:1++BDZ, had more efficacy than BDZ. Based on network meta-analysis, JTW and JTWm:n++BDZ, such as JTW2:1++BDZ, JTW6:1++BDZ, JTW10:1++BDZ, had more efficacy than BDZ; meanwhile, SUCRA showed the best rank of JTW/JTW+ (BDZ<JTWm:n++BDZ<JTW) for insomina, as same as that of JTWm:n+(BDZ<JTW5:1++BDZ<JTW10:1++BDZ<JTW2:1++BDZ<JTW6:1++BDZ). CONCLUSION Based on the existing clinical evidence, JTW has efficacy for insomnia, but the optimization ratio between Coptis chinensis and cinnamo of JTWm:n++BDZ for insomnia needs more supports.

Simultaneous quantitative analyses of six components in Astragalus membranaceus based on HPLC-CAD and quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single-marker / 药学学报

A quantitative analytical method based on HPLC coupled with the charged aerosol detector (CAD) for quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single marker (QAMS) was established for simultaneous determinations of astragaloside Ⅰ, astragaloside Ⅱ, astragaloside Ⅳ, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, formononetin and 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan in Astragalus membranaceus. The separation was performed on an Agilent SB-C18 (150 mm×4.6 mm, 3.5 μm), with gradient elution using the mobile phase consisting of 0.05% formic acid solution and 0.05% formic acid acetonitrile at the flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The column temperature was 35 ℃, and the injection volume was 20 μL. For CAD, the drift tube temperature was at 50 ℃. The contents of six components in A. membranaceus were determined by both external standard method (ESM) and QAMS, and then were compared. The results showed that chromatographic peaks were separated well and the linear ranges of astragaloside Ⅰ, astragaloside Ⅱ, astragaloside Ⅳ, calycosin-7-glucoside, formononetin and 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan were 0.113-2.250 mg·mL-1, 0.012-0.240 mg·mL-1, 0.004-0.080 mg·mL-1, 0.065-1.300 mg·mL-1, 0.005-0.100 mg·mL-1 and 0.007-0.150 mg·mL-1, respectively. The content ranges of astragaloside Ⅰ, astragaloside Ⅱ, astragaloside Ⅳ, calycosin-7-glucoside, formononetin and 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan were 0.306-0.922 mg·g-1, 0.053-0.183 mg·g-1, 0.015-0.092 mg·g-1, 0.069-0.823 mg·g-1, 0-0.098 mg·g-1 and 0.020-0.107 mg·g-1 in 20 batches of A. membranaceus, respectively. Using astragaloside Ⅱ as an internal reference, the relative correlation factors of astragaloside Ⅰ, astragaloside Ⅳ, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, formononetin, and 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan were calculated as 0.561, 0.835, 0.299, 0.796, and 0.799, respectively. The results were compared with those obtained by the external standard method to verify the feasibility, rationality and repeatability of QAMS method, and there was no significant difference in assay results between the two methods. In conclusion, the QAMS method is accurate and feasible, and could be used to determine the contents such as astragaloside Ⅰ, astragaloside Ⅱ, astragaloside Ⅳ, calycosin-7-glucoside, formononetin and 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan, and it can be used for quality control of A. membranaceus.

A case report of plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma of the ureter / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Primary ureteral plasmacytoid carcinomas is a rare tumor with high grade and poor diagnosis.Pathological and immunohistochemical staining play an extremely key role in diagnosis since there is no specific clinical and radiological evidence.The surgical removement is the first line treatment.Herein,we report a case of ureteral plasmacytoid carcinoma that was well controlled with multimodal therapy.

Advances in metabolism of natural flavonoid glycosides / 中草药

Flavonoid glycosides (FGs) are secondary metabolites of many plants widely found in nature, and exhibit significant biological activities, such as anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial. According to the glycosidic bonds, FGs are divided into flavonoid O-glycosides and flavonoid C-glycosides. The main metabolic processes of FGs in vivo were specific hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract and glucuronidation in liver. Glucose, xylose, rhamnose and other glycosyl groups were hydrolyzed to produce secondary glycosides or aglycones in the gastrointestinal tract that were absorbed into blood, and then further glucuronidation and methylation metabolites are mainly produced by phase II metabolism in liver. This article reviews the metabolism in vivo and biotransformation in vitro of some typical natural flavonoid glycosides exited in Chinese materia medica (CMMs), such as flavonoid O-glycosides in Epimedii Folium, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, and Cirsii Japonici Herba, and flavonoid C-glycosides in Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix. The investigation of the metabolisms of FGs in vivo is helpful for the clarification of the effective ingredients in CMMs, which will provide the basis for new drugs development based on metabolites in vivo.

A case report of plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma of the ureter / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Primary ureteral plasmacytoid carcinomas is a rare tumor with high grade and poor diagnosis. Pathological and immunohistochemical staining play an extremely key role in diagnosis since there is no specific clinical and radiological evidence. The surgical removement is the first line treatment. Herein, we report a case of ureteral plasmacytoid carcinoma that was well controlled with multimodal therapy.

Change of icariin content in five Epimedium species by heating process / 中国中药杂志

The change of icariin( ICA) content in thirty-three samples of five Epimedium species listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia( 2015 edition),including E. brevicornu,E. sagittatum,E. pubescens,E. koreanum,and E. wushanense has been investigated in this study. The results indicated that the optimized process procedure was baking at 150 ℃ for 30 min,and 3'''-carbonyl-2″-β-L-quinovosyl icariin( CQICA) could not be translated into ICA and ICA could be converted under this heating process condition. ICA increased remarkably after the heating process by 1-3 times in E. brevicornu,E. wushanense and E. koreanum,and increased lightly in E. brevicornum and E. pubescens,while ICA slightly increased or decreased in E. sagittatum and E. wushanense.

Exploring Potential Mechanism of “Fu Zheng” Rule of Ulcerative Colitis Based on Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:Through database search and network pharmacology to explore the potential mechanism of "Fu Zheng" rule of ulcerative colitis. Method:Search for ulcerative colitis related prescriptions from the Chinese medicine E database, Screening the retrieved prescriptions and conducting statistical analysis of the types and frequency of drugs, and selecting the objective drugs for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Search for the chemical composition and target of drugs on the Digsee platform, then constructing a compound-target interaction network map. Screening for ulcerative colitis related targets through the Digsee database and construct a disease-target interaction network map. Filter the core targets of the two network maps and using the DAVID tool to perform enrichment analysis on the core targets. Result:About 731 prescriptions of ulcerative colitis were retrieved from the database, 304 prescriptions and 220 Chinese medicines were received based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Representative drugs of "Fu Zheng" Rule of ulcerative colitis is Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma. Screening for chemical constituents of the drug based on ADME parameters, and then target prediction, we received a total of 137 protein targets. Merge the compound-target interaction network map and the disease-target interaction network map, with "Degree" "betweenness " and "closeness" as the evaluation criteria, we found 129 common targets. Perform KEGG enrichment analysis on the selected targets, find out the top 20 pathways with P values has an effect on ulcerative colitis. Conclusion:The role of FuZheng Chinese medicine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis is the overall effect of multiple targets and multiple pathways, excavating the potential mechanism of "Fu Zheng" rule of ulcerative colitis and provide a theoretical basis for further experimental research.

Status of Rehabilitation Resource Configuration and Rehabilitation Service of Health System in Guangdong,China / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To evaluate the status of rehabilitation resource configuration and rehabilitation service of health system in Guangdong province,and to provide basis for the development of rehabilitation institutions. Methods From November to December in 2015, an online survey was conducted among rehabilitation hospitals in Health and Family Planning Commission of 21 cities in Guangdong province by using self-administered ques-tionnaire.The deadline was December 30th,2015. Results There were 38 rehabilitation hospitals in Guangdong province including 18 non-profit and 20 for-profit ones. Only one was tertiary rehabilitation hospital.There were totally 4524 open beds,hospitals with 50 to199 beds ac-counted for 68.4%. There were 37,262 rehabilitation equipments worth more than 10,000 Yuan, in which less than 500,000 Yuan was the most.There were 776 rehabilitation doctors,1051 nurses,749 therapists,and 248 oth-er staff members. The annual hospital admissions were more than 55,000, hospital bed utilization rate was 74.6%,bed turnover rates was 12.75,the working time of bed was 272.3 days,and the average length of stay in hospital was 19.5 days. Conclusion These rehabilitation institutions cannot meet the need of people in Guangdong province.Many problems ex-isted,such as low hospital scales,unbalanced geographical distribution,low rates of hospital beds utilization and turnover,inadequate hospital management and imperfect health system.The service and management capabilities of rehabilitation institutions should be strengthened.

Evaluating the Nutritional Status of Oncology Patients and Its Association with Quality of Life / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The primary aim of the study was to compare two nutritional status evaluation tools: the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002). Using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), the second aim was to provide constructive advice regarding the quality of life of patients with malignancy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study enrolled 312 oncology patients and assessed their nutritional status and quality of life using the PG-SGA, NRS-2002, and EORTC QLQ-C30.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The data indicate that 6% of the cancer patients were well nourished. The SGA-A had a higher sensitivity (93.73%) but a poorer specificity (2.30%) than the NRS-2002 (69.30% and 25.00%, respectively) after comparison with albumin. There was a low negative correlation and a high similarity between the PG-SGA and NRS-2002 for evaluating nutritional status, and there was a significant difference in the median PG-SGA scores for each of the SGA classifications (P < 0.001). The SGA-C group showed the highest PG-SGA scores and lowest body mass index. The majority of the target population received 2 points for each item in our 11-item questionnaire from the EORTC QLQ-C30.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The data indicate that the PG-SGA is more useful and suitable for evaluating nutritional status than the NRS-2002. Additionally, early nutrition monitoring can prevent malnutrition and improve the quality of life of cancer patients.</p>

Bacterial culture of donor semen: Analysis of results / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To investigate bacterial infection and the distribution of different bacterial species in the donor semen and the influence of different bacterial counts on semen quality.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bacterial colonies in the semen samples from 1 126 donors were counted with the Synbiosis Protocol 3 Automatic Colony Counter and the bacterial species with a colony count ≥10⁴ cfu/ml identified with the VITEK2 Compact Automatic Biochemical Analyzer. The Makler Sperm Counting Board was used to examine the semen quality of the semen samples with a colony count = 0 cfu/ml (n = 22, group A), those with a colony count <10⁴ cfu/ml (n = 22, group B) and those with a colony count ≥10⁴ cfu/ml (n = 22, group C). Univariate analysis was employed for comparison of semen quality among different groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 1 126 donor semen samples cultured, 5 (0.44%) showed mixed bacterial contamination and 993 (88.58%) showed none but with growth of a certain species of bacteria, 2.22% (22/993) with a colony count ≥10⁴ cfu/ml, mainly including Streptococcus bovis, tiny bacilli, Staphylococcus epidermis, and Staphylococcus aureus, among which gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria accounted for 95.45% (21/22) and 4.54% (1/22), respectively. Compared with group A, groups B and C manifested significantly reduced total sperm count (［567.5 ± 327.6］ vs ［421.9 ± 155.9］ and ［389.9 ± 110.6］ × 106 per ejaculate, P <0.05) and percentage of progressively motile sperm (［65.0 ± 6.5］ vs ［61.0 ± 3.5］ and ［61.6 ± 4.3］ %, P <0.05). There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups in the semen liquefaction time, semen pH value, total sperm motility or percentage of morphologically normal sperm (P > 0.05). Of the 284 randomly selected semen samples, 34 (11.97%) were found positive for Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) and no significant difference was observed in the semen quality between the UU-positive and UU-negative samples (P> 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The bacteria-positive rate is high in the donor semen and the bacterial species are varied, mainly including gram-positive bacteria. Semen quality is reduced with the increased number of bacterial colonies.</p>

Correlation between elevated plus and zero mazes as two animal models of state anxiety in Kunming mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the correlation between elevated plus maze (EPM) and elevated zero maze (EZM),as two type animal models of state anxiety in Kunming mice. Methods The behavior of adult,♂/♀,Kunming mice in EPM and EZM was recorded by sequence,for 5 min,with a one-week inter-trial interval. The following parameters were evaluated:percentage of time in open arms (Otime%) and total entries into open and closed arms(Entries). Subsequently,descriptive analysis,fac-tor analysis,cluster analysis,correlation analysis and consisten-cy test were calculated for these parameters. Results T test showed that, compared with EPM, Otime% of EZM (male/fe-male/both sex) decreased, while Entries (male/both sex) in-creased significantly;Fiedman test showed that Otime% (male/female/both sex) and Entries(female/both sex) of both EPM and EZM had great difference between the 5 repeated fragments;Wilcoxon test showed that, compared with EPM, Otime% of EZM in 1st min (male/female/both sex), 2nd min (male/fe-male/both sex),3rd min (female/both sex) decreased, while the Entries in 1st min (male/both sex), 4th min (male/fe-male/both sex),5th min(both sex) increased markedly. Clus-ter analysis showed that EPM and EZM parameters could be clustered into two groups:EPM group and EZM group(male/fe-male/both sex). Factor analysis indicated that the EPM and EZM parameters could be extracted as two factors: EPM factor and EZM factor (male/female/both sex). Correlation analysis displayed either general(in Otime%) or poor(in Entries) cor-relation(male/female/both sex) between EPM and EZM param-eters. Consistency test displayed general consistency (male/fe-male/both sex) in Otime% between EPM and EZM. Conclu-sions Despite of the similar internal principles to induce state anxiety,the different external environment(structure) results in different behavioral patterns,different structure dimensions,fair correlation and concordance between EPM and EZM, and the stable index of EPM and EZM might be preferred to Otime%.

Review research on tumor prevention of probiotics / 中国药理学通报

Recently,research on microbes has been explored ex-plosively. Microbial-related studies have become the forefront of anti-cancer research. A large number of microorganisms are uni-versal in the viscera, skin, nose, mouth and reproductive sys-tem. Probiotics is a kind of microorganisms beneficial to human health. Although most studies have proven the tumor-promoting effects of bacterial flora,antitumor effects of probiotics have also been observed. Studies have confirmed that probiotics can pre-vent the onset of early stage colon cancer as well as non-colorec-tal cancer mainly via several mechanisms,such as adjustment of intestinal flora,regulation of immune response,anti-inflammato-inactivation of metabolic carcinogen, antioxidant and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. However,the specific underlying molecular mechanism still needs to be further studied. The latest studies on human have shown that intestinal microbiota combining with diet can alter the risk of special colorectal cancer. As a cancer chemoprevention strategy, more pre-clinical and clinical research are in need for the study of the effects of probiotics on cancer prevention and treatment.