Ca2+ sparks in cardiac myocytes / 中国药理学通报

In cardiac myocytes, Ca2+ sparks origining from a single RyR or a few RyRs are triggered by a single L-type Ca2+ channel or occur spontaneously. Ca2+ sparks constitute the elementary local Ca 2+ release events from the SR. Ca2+ sparks occur at Z-lines and randomly distribute at different locations, the characteristics of the kinetics are regulated by many factors. In addition, ICa.T, Na+/Ca2+ exchange, ICa (TTX) and IP3 are other putative sources of Ca2+ that trigger SR Ca2+ release.