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Objective To study the expression profile and subcellular distribution of aquaporin (AQP) 3,8 and 9 in SD rat alcoholic liver disease (ALD) models.Methods Eighteen male SPF SD rats were randomized into three groups,which received different treatments for 6 weeks:normal rodent chow-fed group (NC) rats were allowed to consume normal food and water ad libitum;ethanolfed group (EtOH) rats and pair-fed group (PF) rats were fed an ethanol-containing Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet and a pair-fed isocaloric high-fat non-ethanol-containing Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet,respectively.We used immunohistochemistry assay,immunoblot,quantitative real-time PCR,and immunoelectron microscopy to determine the expression and subcellular distribution of AQP3,AQP8 and AQP9.Results Our result showed that AQP8 and AQP9 were distributed in bile canaliculus membrane,inner mitochondrial membrane and other subcellular structures in rat hepatocytes.After chronic alcohol intake,AQP8 and AQP9 membranous expression in liver were reduced;in hepatocytes,labeling density of AQP8 in bile canaliculus membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane were downregulated while labeling density of AQP9 in bile canaliculus membrane was increased.The membranous/cytoplasmic expression ratio of AQP3 and AQP8 in ileum were both upregulated;the membranous/cytoplasmic expression ratio of AQP8 and AQP9 in colon were downregulated.In conclusion,our study showed that chronic alcohol intake altered the expression and subcellular distribution of AQP3,AQP8 and AQP9.Conclusions Our study suggested that disordered subcellular distribution of AQP3,8 and 9 participate in the development of ALD.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the reason and the management of the sunken upper eyelid after implanting a hydroxyapatite platform.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 1998, we developed a method of subperiosteal implantation at the orbital floor to repair the introcession of the upper eyelid after hydroxyapatite platform implantation. 11 cases of the sunken upper eyelid were treated with this method. The implants included Medpor in 2 cases, hydroxyapatite plates in 7 cases and acellular dermal matrix in 2 cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Postoperatively, all the patients obtained satisfactory results. Follow-up for 1 to 4 years showed no complications of extrusion or infection of the implants. Re-operation was needless in all of them.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Subperiosteal implantation to correct the sunken upper eyelid is a safe and effective method.</p>