Identification of Chinese medicine sea snake based on cytochrome B (Cytb) / 中国中药杂志

The identification of species primordium has been one of the hot issues in the identification of traditional Chinese medicine. Sea snake is one of the most valuable Chinese medicinal materials in China. In order to understand the origin and varieties of sea snake in the market, we studied the molecular identification of 46 sea snakes by cytochrome B(Cytb). After comparison and manual correction, the sequence length was 582 bp, and the content of A+T(58.9%) was higher than that of G+C(41.1%). There exist 197 variable sites and 179 parsimony-informative sites of the sequence. There are 44 kinds of sequence alignment with consistency equal to 100%, and 2 kinds equal to 96%. A total of 408 Cytb effective sequences were downloaded from GenBank database, with a total of 68 species. Phylogenetic tree of a total of 454 sea snake sequences with the samples in this study were constructed by neighbor-joining trees and Bayesian inference method, respectively, which can identify 42 samples of medicinal materials, while 4 samples can not be identified because of their low node support. The results showed that the species of the sea snake medicine were at least from 2 genera and 5 species, namely, Aipysurus eydouxii, Hydrophis curtus, H. caerulescen, H. curtus, H. ornatus and H. spiralis. This study suggested that the original species of commercial sea snake are very complex and can provide insight into the identification of sea snakes.

The effect of phase transition process on the characters of transdermal absorption of compound l-carnitine plastics / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of phase transition process of compound L-carnitine plastics on the characters of transdermal absorption, provide a theoretical evidence for the penetration enhancing effect produced from phase transition process. METHODS: The accumulated transdermal percentage of capsaicin and L-carnitine were used as measurement indicators, the experiment was finished by improved Franz diffuser and disembodied rabbit skin, the content of different components in transdermal receiving solution and in skin that received in different time was determined by HPLC, the curve of transdermal was drawn been drawn, the rule and the characters of transdermal were analyzed. RESULTS: The transdermal dynamics curve before and after the phase transition of compound L-carnitine plastics is a kind of continuous function, while it become a kind of non-continuous function during the process of the phase transition. The 95% confidence interval of the parameters of transdermal velocity and amount between sample A with transdermal enhancer and sample B without transdermal enhancer shows overlap, the difference shows no statistical significance between sample A and B. It was showed that the sample A have the same transdermal rate and amount as B. While 95% confidence interval of the parameters of transdermal velocity and amount among sample A,B and C (without film-former materials) shows no overlap, the difference shows statistical significance among sample A,B and C. When the capsaicin was used as indicators, the transdermal rate of sample A and B respectively are 1.459 times and 1.450 times of C, the transdermal amount of sample A and B respectively are 2.53 times and 1.907 times of C. When the capsaicin was used as indicators, the transdermal rate of sample A and B respectively are 1.153 times and 1.169 times of C, the transdermal amount of sample A and B respectively are 1.722 times and 1.692 times of C. CONCLUSION: Phase transition process can significantly increase both transdermal rate and transdermal amount of compound L-carnitine plastics, the time increased by phase transition process correspond to film-former time of plastics, the penetration enhancing effect produced from phase transition process is far greater than the penetration enhancing effect produced from transdermal absorption penetration enhancers(P0.05).

Outward versus inward placement in Shang Ring circumcision for phimosis and redundant prepuce in adult men: analysis of 527 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical effects of two different circumcision procedures with the Shang Ring and compare their advantages and disadvantages.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 527 adult males with phimosis or redundant prepuce underwent Shang Ring circumcision by conventional outward replacement (n = 254) and inward placement (n = 273), respectively. We observed the in-ring nocturnal pain, complications, ring-removal pain, degree of edema, recovery time, and patients' satisfaction after surgery, and compared them between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the conventional outward placement (5.9%) of the Shang Ring, the inward placement method showed the advantages of mild in-ring nocturnal pain, a low complication rate, significantly reduced ring-removal pain, and mild edema, but exhibited longer healing time.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In Shang Ring circumcision for phimosis and redundant prepuce in adult males, each of the outward and inward placement methods has advantages and disadvantages of its own, but the latter is more advantageous and feasible.</p>

Characteristics of PLA2 activity and expression of PLA2 subtypes in rat pancreas after simple pancreatic trauma / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To study the characteristics of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity and expression of PLA2 subtypes in rat serum and pancreas tissue with an established simple pancreatic trauma model in rats. Methods One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were divided into two groups in a one-to-two ratio: control group and impact group. The two groups were subsequently divided into four subgroups at 6h, 24h, 72h, 7d time point. For the animals in the impact groups, the pancreas was injured by a BIM- III biotical impact machine, and the animals in control group were sham injured. The total catalytic activity of PLA2 in serum and pancreatic tissue, the expressions of mRNA and protein and immunohistochemical localization of secretory PLA2 (sPLA2), cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) and calcium independent PLA2 (iPLA2) in pancreatic tissue were determined after the corresponding pretreatments in each group. Results The total catalytic activity of PLA2 in serum and pancreatic tissue of impact groups increased at 6h after injury, and the PLA2 activity reached peak value at 24h in pancreatic tissue and at 72h in serum after trauma, and at 7d in serum and pancreatic tissue were still higher than that in control group at the same time (P<0.05). The results of RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry indicated that the expression of sPLA2 in pancreatic tissue was higher than that of cPLA2 and iPLA2. Conclusions PLA2 activity can be upregulated in serum and pancreas after pancreatic trauma. The expression of sPLA2 is increased most significantly in pancreatic tissue after pancreatic trauma. PLA2 activity may be detected in serum 6h-7d after pancreatic trauma, and is helpful for auxiliary diagnosis of simple pancreatic trauma.

An epidemiologic study on functional constipation among adult communities in Shanghai / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of functional constipation (FC) by using Rome Ⅲ criteria in the local adult communities.Methods A stratified randomized and community-based study by multi-stage cluster sampling was employed.A household survey was conducted from April to May 2010.All of the participants were interviewed face-to-face by filling out the self-administered questionnaires which based on Rome Ⅲ criteria for the diagnosis of FC.Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS),self-rating depression scale (SDS) and Athens insomnia scale (AIS) were carried out to evaluate the psychological characteristics and qualities of sleep.Results A total of 7648 subjects fulfilled the questionnaires,with the response rate as 90.0％.211 patients met the Rome Ⅲ criteria,including 90 males and 121 females.The adjusted prevalence rates of FC were 2.5％ in males,3.3％ in females and with an overall rate as 2.9％.The ratio of men to women was 1∶1.32,with significant difference between males and females (P=0.043).The most common group was in the 18-29 year-olds (x2=37.359,P=0.000).FC patients were more likely to be detected in the group with normal BMI (x2=16.087,P=0.002),having received high education (x2=27.604,P=0.000),being intelectuals ( x2=6.922,P=0.031 ) and divorced ( x2=22.000,P=0.000) than in other groups. Multivariate analysis showed that excessive intake of high-fat food was significantly associated with the presence of FC (odds ratio as 1.253,P=0.000),whereas foods with high-fiber (odds ratio as 0.854,P=0.029) might serve as protective factors.Significant differences between FC groups and control groups were found in the incidence of anxiety (with odds ratio as 2.583,P=0.000) and insomnia (odds ratio as 2.443,P=0.000).Conclusion The prevalence of FC in adult communities in Shanghai Songjiang district was not higher than that in other parts of the communities.Excessive intake of high-fat food,anxiety and insomnia might be risk factors for FC and foods with high-fiber contents might serve as protective factors.

Soluble high-expression, purification and bioassay of IGFBP-3 / 生物工程学报

cDNA for Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 was cloned and constructed a prokaryotic expression vector--pET-DsBA-IGFBP3. The construct was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3)plysS. The induced fusion protein (D-IGFBP3) was expressed successfully in soluble form. We obtained D-IGFBP3 the purify of which is over 95% after purification by His affinity chromatography. The product was identified by Western-blot. The cell assay showed that the obtained fusion protein can inhibit the growth of MCF-7 and bind with IGF-I in vitro.

The tangential excision of razor graft for the giant congenital naevi in children / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the therapeutical effect of the tangential excision of razor graft for the spacious giant congenital naevi in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The surface layer of the giant naevi, mainly razor graft, was excised tangentially using electrical dermatome. Then the left naevi was removed by dermabrasion.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The satisfactory effects were obtained in 9 of 16 cases. The colour of operative area approached the normal skin, occasionally with scattered pigmentation and hypertrophic scars. In 6 cases, the colour appeared lighter than before. One case relapsed after half a year.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The congenital giant naevi in children could be treated using the tangential excision of razor graft. The short-term results might be expected.</p>

Full face dermabrasion for acne scars / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Dermabrasion has been of great value in plastic surgery. Dermabrasion was developed for a specific indication; however, within a very short time, the concept of dermabrasion found wide applicability. This study was to investigate the application of dermabrasion in the treatment of acne scars.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From Feb. 1996 to May 2004, a total of 110 patients with acne scar were treated with dermabrasion.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Postoperatively, the curative results were achieved in 45 cases; good results in 40 cases and effective results in 25 cases. The study revealed that the patients at 18-46 years of age have good results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Dermabrasion is a good and safe technique to treat the scar of acne.</p>

Cleft lip nasal deformity corrected by an alar flap and the alar cartilage sling method / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To search an effective method to correct the secondary nasal deformity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The "spilth" tissue asymmetry to the another side on the cleft side alar is formed as a flap, which is used to drive up or reconstruct the nostril base (sill), readjust nostril size and shape. The cleft side alar cartilage lateral foot is disassociated, replaced and fixed into the normal place.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nineteen patients were received this operation, their nasal alar, nostril, sill, on the two sides are symmetry, and the result is good.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The cleft side alar flap and alar cartilage sling procedure is effective to correct secondary cleft lip nasal deformity.</p>