A Modified NHL-BFM-95 Regimen Produces Better Outcome ThanHyperCVAD in Adult Patients with T-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma,a Two-Institution Experience / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

Purpose@#Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is an invasive neoplasm of precursor T-cell or B-cell lineage.A broadly accepted standard treatment for adult LBL has not yet been defined. @*Materials and Methods@#To address this issue, we compared two chemotherapy regimens: a modified non-Hodgkinlymphoma Berlin–Frankfurt–Mu!nster-95 (NHL-BFM-95) regimen and HyperCVAD/MA. Thisretrospective study consecutively enrolled 207 adult LBL patients at two hospitals from2000 to 2018. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to assess prognostic factors. @*Results@#In the present study, most clinical characteristics were similar between the two treatmentgroups except for age and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. Patients treated with modifiedNHL-BFM-95 regimen tended to be younger and with elevated LDH level. The modified NHLBFM-95 regimen produced better treatment outcomes than those with HyperCVAD/MA inpatients with T-LBL or patients < 40 years. Treatment with HyperCVAD/MA, high EasternCooperative Oncology Group scores, and bone marrow involvement were independent riskfactors in T-LBL. No patients interrupted treatment for severe adverse events. @*Conclusion@#The results suggested that the modified regimen is well-tolerated and can produce the promisingoutcomes in patients with T-LBL or patients < 40 years.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated high-fat diet, palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and interventional effects of fenofibrate / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate endoplasmic reticulum stress ( ERS)-mediated high-fat diet and palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance ( IR) in skeletal muscle and interventional effects of fenofibrate both in vivo and in vitro tests. Methods Female SD rats were randomly subjected to a standard control diet ( SCD) or high-fat diet ( HFD) for 20 weeks, then the HFD group was di-vided into high-fat-diet group and high-fat-diet group treated with fenofibrate ( HFD +FF, 30 mg · kg-1 · d-1 ) for another 8 weeks. The changes of IR and ex-pression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α( PPARα) , glucose regulated protein 78 ( GRP78 ) and transcription factors GADD153 ( CHOP ) were as-sessed respectively. C2C12 myotubes were divided into normal control group ( NC ) , model group ( palmitic acid, PA) , postive control drug group ( tunicamycin, TM) and treatment group ( fenofibric acid, FA+PA) , the expressions of GRP78 and CHOP were assessed re-spectively. Insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt was also analyzed to detect changes of insulin sensitivi-ty in C2 C12 . Results The high-fat diet induced obvi-ous IR and upregulated ERS markers GRP78 and CHOP in skeletal muscle of rats, and these responses were attenuated by treatment with fenofibrate. Incuba-tion of myotubes with palmitic acid or tunicamycin sig-nificantly increased expression of ERS markers GRP78 and CHOP. Meanwhile, insulin-stimulated phosphoryl-ation of Akt was inhibited obviously. Pre-incubation with FA markedly inverted PA-induced ERS and insu-lin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt. Conclusion Fenofibrate ( fenofibric acid) has obvious effects of IR on skeletal muscle tissues and cells, which may be re-lated with reduced expression of GRP78 and CHOP in ERS.

Resveratrol improves vascular endothelial injury induced by high-calorie and high-cholestrol diet through reduced ERS and increased eNOS expression / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study whether the mechanisms in-volved in resveratrol′s protective effects on vascular en-dothelial injury induced by high-calorie and high-chol-estrol diet are concerned with ERS and the change of eNOS expression. Methods Twenty-four male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into standard control diet (SCD),high-calorie and high-cholestrol diet(HCD)and HCD group treated with resveratrol (HCD +RES,400 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 ,1 2 weeks).Then the thoracic aorta was separated,embedded and sliced to analyze the pathological changes by HE and resor-cinol staining.The protein distribution of eNOS was measured with immunohistochemical analysis.The up-stream and downstream genes of ERS in thoracic aorta were detected by RT-PCR.After the pretreatment with different concentrations of resveratrol,the mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs)were treated with palmitic acid,then the changes of cell proliferation in each group were compared.Western blot,immunofluores-cence and immunohistochemistry were used to deter-mine the protein expressions of GRP78,CHOP and eNOS respectively.Results Mice fed with HCD showed thickening of thoracic aortic wall and disorgan-ized elastic fibers as compared with those in SCD group.The mRNA levels of ERS related genes were all increased obviously (P <0.05),while the protein expression of eNOS was decreased.Compared with HCDgroup,the thickened wall and the disorganized elasticfibers were improved significantly,the mRNA levels ofERS related genes were all decreased obviously (P <0.05)and the expression of eNOS protein was increased in HCD +RES group.Compared with NCgroup, the cell proliferation was significantly decreased,meanwhile GRP78 and CHOP was significantly increased (P <0.05)and the protein expression ofeNOS was decreased in PA group.The cell proliferation was increased significantly (P <0.05),the mRNA and protein expression of GRP78 and CHOP wasobviously decreased (P <0.05),meanwhile the protein expression of eNOS was increased in the mediumand large dose of RES pretreatment groups.Conclusion Resveratrol has obvious effects of improving endothelial damages induced by HCD and decreasing cellproliferateion of MAECs induced by PA, and themechanisms are possibly related with decreased ERSand increased level of eNOS protein.

Molecular engineering of cellulase catalytic domain based on glycoside hydrolase family / 生物工程学报

Molecular engineering of cellulases can improve enzymatic activity and efficiency. Recently, the Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes Database (CAZy), including glycoside hydrolase (GH) families, has been established with the development of Omics and structural measurement technologies. Molecular engineering based on GH families can obviously decrease the probing space of target sequences and structures, and increase the odds of experimental success. Besides, the study of cellulase active-site architecture paves the way toward the explanation of catalytic mechanism. This review focuses on the main GH families and the latest progresses in molecular engineering of catalytic domain. Based on the combination of analysis of a large amount of data in the same GH family and their conservative active-site architecture information, rational design will be an important direction for molecular engineering and promote the rapid development of the conversion of biomass.

Culture-independent digging of cellulases and genes from natural environments / 生物工程学报

There is a great diversity for cellulolytic microbes in nature and the strategies they use to digest cellulose. In addition to the cultured cellulolytic microbes, there are still a great number of microbes being not readily culturable in natural environments, which may represent great potential for identifying novel cellulases and their encoding genes. The rise of metagenomics and metaproteomics provides essential technologic tools to dig up these resources and significant progress has been made so far. This review gives an insight into some relative results that have arisen from the meta-genomic or proteomic analysis of definitive uncultured microbe communities. Their potential role in elucidating the process and mechanisms of cellulose degradation in natural environment from the point of "community system microbiology" is also discussed.

Repair of rat sciatic nerve defect with optimized acellular rat nerve / 中国矫形外科杂志

0.05),but all statistically distinguishable from fresh allografts(P