RESUMO
Abstract Background Sepsis and septic shock are severe and difficult-to-treat conditions with high lethality. There is interest in identifying new adjunct therapies that are effective in reducing mortality. In this context, L-carnitine has been investigated in trials as a potentially beneficial drug. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to assess the clinical evidence to support the use of L-carnitine in septic shock patients to reduce the risk of mortality. The objective of this review was to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine compared to placebo or Usual Care (UC) on the mortality rate in hospitalized adult septic shock patients. Methods The authors exclusively included randomized clinical trials that compared the use of L-carnitine versus placebo in adult (> 18 years old) septic shock patients. The outcome was a mortality rate of 28 days. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed following the PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO with the ID CRD42020180499. Results Following the initial search, 4007 citations were identified, with 2701 remaining after duplicate removal. Eight citations were selected for body text reading, and two were selected for inclusion. The studies enrolled 275 patients, with 186 in the carnitine arm and 89 in the placebo arm. The effect of L-carnitine uses in septic shock patients showed a difference risk of -0.03 (95% Confidence Interval: -0.15-0.10, I2 = 77%, p = 0.69) compared to placebo/in mortality rate with low quality of evidence. Conclusions There is low-quality evidence that the use of L-carnitine has no significant effect on reducing 28-day mortality in septic shock patients.
RESUMO
A instalação de implantes tem se tornado o tratamento recomendado para a reposição em edêntulos. Pesquisas na área da Implantodontia têm objetivado desenvolver procedimentos rápidos, controlados e que resultem em maior conforto e previsibilidade ao paciente e ao profissional. Nessas circunstâncias, surgiu o desenvolvimento de implantes curtos, substituindo os implantes convencionais quando há uma limitação para a implantação desse, representando uma alternativa viável, simples e previsível. Para se verificar a prevalência de utilização dos implantes curtos, sobre uma quantidade preestabelecida de prontuários, foram utilizados prontuários de diferentes clínicas e cursos de especialização, entre 2005 e 2012. Verificou-se quantos desses eram curtos (ou seja, com tamanho de 8,5mm ou 10mm), o tamanho dos implantes, a região em que foram implantados, o sexo e a idade dos pacientes. Dos 82 prontuários analisados, foram obtidos 459 implantes; desses, a maioria (79%) foi instalada em pacientes do sexo feminino. Desses implantes, 48,6% eram de 10mm e 14,8% eram de 8,5mm. Para ambos os tamanhos, a idade de maior prevalência foi entre 50 e 59 anos. A proporção de utilização de implantes curtos, comparados aos longos convencionais, aumentou nos últimos anos, em decorrência das novas pesquisas, e vêm sendo indicados em diversas circunstâncias, mostrando ser uma técnica segura, previsível, com menor custo, sem necessidade de múltiplos procedimentos cirúrgicos, além de preservar as estruturas anatômicas preexistentes e ter boa aceitação pelos implantodontistas e pacientes...
Implant placement has become the recommended treatment for rehabilitation of edentulouspatients. Research in Implantology aims to develop rapid controlled procedures that provide patients and clinicians with greater comfort and predictability. In these circumstances, short implants were developed to replace conventional implant limited placement, thereby representing a feasible, simple and predictable alternative. To determine the prevalence of short implants use on a previously established sample of dental records, the latter were obtained from different dental offices and specialization courses between 2005 and 2012. The following was assessed: number of short implants (8.5-mm or 10-mm long), size of implants, the region where they were placed, as well as patients sex and age. Of the 82 dental records analyzed, 459 implants were obtained; the majority (79%) of them was placed in female patients, 48.6% were 10-mm long and 14.8% were 8.5-mm long. For both implant sizes, the most prevalent age group was between 50 and 59 years old. The use of short implants, when compared to the use of conventional long ones, increased in recent years due to new research. They are recommended in different circumstances and have proved to be a safe, predictable, less expensive technique without the need for multiple surgery, in addition to preserving patients preexisting anatomic structures and being well received by patients and implant dentists...