In vivo Antifibrotic Potential of Extracts of Acanthospermum hispidum DC. Evaluated in Wistar Rats Using Diethylnitrosamine

Aims: Liver fibrosis is a chronic disease of the liver. This disease is a stage of passage to liver cancer. The objective of this work was to evaluate the ability of the ethanolic extract of Acanthospermum hispidumto block the progression of hepatic fibrosis induced in rats using diethylenitrosamine (DEN).Study Design:Study of the antifibrotic potential of extracts of Acanthospermum hispidum.Place and Duration of Study:In vivotests were performed from September 2018 to January 2019. The animal model tests were carried out in the pet shop of the Institute for Health Sciences Research (IRSS) of Burkina Faso and in the Cytogenetics Laboratory (FSS/ISBA) of the Republic of Benin.Methodology:The evaluationof the antifibrotic activity consisted in treating in wistarrats a liver fibrosis induced with the DEN which is a chemical agent whose effect on the liver has already been confirmed. As a result of the treatment, all animals were removed from the liver and blood. The livers were used for macroscopic and microscopic observations. Blood has been used for the evaluation of biochemical parameters in relation to fibrosis.Results:The analysis of the results of the biochemical parameters in relation to the fibrosis showed that the ethanolic extract of Acanthospermum hispidumat the dose of 250 mg / kg made it possible to obtain an improvement of these parameters compared to the other batches of animals. These results have been confirmed by those of the anatomo-pathological studies.Conclusion:The results of biochemical and histological analyzes revealed a capacity of Acanthospermum hispidumextracts to block the evolution of hepatic fibrosis in the rat. These results confirm the hepatoprotective potential of this medicinal plant used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso

Relevance of Chrysanthellum americanum (L.) Vatke Extracts in Rat Liver Protection

Aims: To assess the relevance of Chrysanthellum americanum(L.) Vatke extracts in rat liver protection. Place and Duration of Study:Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry (LABIOCA), also in Laboratory of Department of Medicine and Traditional Pharmacopoeia (MEPHATRA-PH) of Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS/CNRST) of Burkina Faso between July 2014 and August 2015.Study Design:Polyphenolic extract of Chrysanthellum americanum-in vivo liver protection-in vivoliver intoxication-liver necrosis parameters analysis, histopathology analysis, in vivoand in vitroantioxidant assay. Background:Chrysanthellum americanumL. (Vatke) is a medicinal plant well known for its flavonoids and saponins richness, but also for its strong antioxidant potential and use traditionally for liver disease treatment.Methodology:In vivo, anti hepatotoxicity effects of Chrysanthellum americanumwas evaluated using CCl4as hepatotoxic agent. Also, acute toxicities were determined using standards methods, serum parameters of liver injury using Cypress Diagnostics kits and histopathology analysis using Mayer's haematoxylin-eosin-phloxine coloration method. For in vitro tests, malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid method were used in lipid peroxidation assessment and the ABTS method in Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity assessing.Results:Result showed that the crude extract of C. americericumhas a very low oral toxicity but, in intraperitoneal route this extract presented a high toxicity (LD50= 175 mg / kg of body weight). Histopathology micrograph indicated reduction in number of necrotic cells induced by CCl4. This beneficial action was confirmed by reduction in serum transaminases and malondialdehyde (22.68 ± 0.68 mmol MDA/ g of liver weight). In vitroantioxidant capacities, this plant extract presented a result of 35.01 ± 0.26 % and 42.01 ± 0.26 mg TE/ g respectively in LPO and TEAC.Conclusion:Given our results, our research confirms that Chrysanthellum americanumextracts have in vivophysiological impact and benefits in traditional medicine for specific care of liver diseases.

Caralluma dalzielii Ethanolic Extract Prevents High-fat-diet-induced Obesity in Mice

Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of C. dalzieliiextract on weight, biochemical parameter and antioxidant enzymes of obese Mice induced. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry (LABIOCA), Research Institute for Health Sciences (IRSS).Background:Obesity is a pathology that occurs as a result of energy imbalance and this metabolic pathology is dramatically increasing in developing countries and it is the cause of many morbidities. Carallumadalzieliiis a medicinal plant traditionally used in northern Burkina Faso for weight management. The objective of this study was to determine the anti-obesity potential of the ethanolic extract of C. dalzielii.Methods:The ethanol extract obtained by maceration was administered by gavage to NMRI mice for the determination of toxicity, the effect of the extracton weight gain, food intake and a biochemical parameter of serum. The antioxidant and inhibitory activity of digestive enzymes (pancreatic lipase and trypsin), inflammatory enzymes (lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase) were also determined. Results: Carallumadalzieliiethanolic extract has exhibited no toxicity (with an LD50 greater than 3000mg / kg body weight). It caused a reduction of 7.1% on body weight of the animals treated at 400 mg/kg against an increase of 38.16% in the positive control. Animals in the control group showed a higher concentration of triglyceride and LDL-Cholesterol in serum than those that received the extract. Carallumadalzieliiextract has inhibited lipoxygenase at 65.75 ± 0.05% (at 1 mg/ml) greater than that of gallic acid used as a reference (54.87 ± 0.04%). It has also shown good inhibition potential on pancreaticlipase, trypsin and DPPH radical. Conclusion:These results suggest that Carallumadalzieliiextract may be a good candidate for the establishment of a phytomedicine in the management of obesity and its complications.