Migration of phenolic active ingredients in Danshen Dizhuye during ultrafiltration of hollow fiber membrane / 中国中药杂志

Study the suitability of organic film for salvianolic acid in the ultrafiltration process of Danshen Dizhuye. UPLC was used to analyze the migration of nine phenolic active ingredients in Danshen Dizhuye during ultrafiltration of PES hollow fiber membrane and PS hollow fiber membrane. The structural composition of multi-components was analyzed by three different batches of Danshen Dizhuye before and after ultrafiltration of the two membranes. The results showed that 9 phenolic active ingredients in Danshen Dizhuye did not change significantly after ultrafiltration through PES membrane. However, after ultrafiltration through PS membrane, the content of sodium danshensu, protocatechualdehyde, caffeic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid and rosmarinic acid in Danshen Dizhuye did not change significantly, while salvianolic acid D, salvianolic acid B and lithospermic acid decreased by about 20%, and the content of salvianolic acid A decreased significantly. The final content in equilibrium was only about 20% of the original solution. Therefore, an in-depth study on the migration particularity of salvianolic acid A in ultrafiltration membrane was the focuse. The results showed that the loss of salvianolic acid A was caused by both membranes during ultrafiltration, and salvianolic acid A was lost more in PS membrane. When the membrane was washed and regenerated, it was found that salvianolic acid A was detected in the ethanol washing solution, but not in the washing liquid, indicating that the loss of salvianolic acid A during the ultrafiltration was mainly adsorptive action. The results suggested that the migration of phenolic active ingredients in Danshen Dizhuye during the membrane ultrafiltration process did not completely follow the molecular weight passing rule of the membrane pore size. At the same time, it may be affected by factors, such as the structure of the membrane material, and the interaction between the membrane structure and the structure of components, and exhibit different migration behaviors during the ultrafiltration of the membrane.

Study on "multi-dimensional structure and process dynamics quality control system" of Danshen infusion solution based on component structure theory / 中国中药杂志

As traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation products feature complex compounds and multiple preparation processes, the implementation of quality control in line with the characteristics of TCM preparation products provides a firm guarantee for the clinical efficacy and safety of TCM preparation products. Danshen infusion solution is a preparation commonly used in clinic, but its quality control is restricted to indexes of finished products, which can not guarantee its inherent quality. Our study group has proposed "multi-dimensional structure and process dynamics quality control system" on the basis of "component structure theory", for the purpose of controlling the quality of Danshen infusion solution at multiple levels and in multiple links from the efficacy-related material basis, the safety-related material basis, the characteristics of dosage form to the preparation process. This article, we bring forth new ideas and models to the quality control of TCM preparation products.

The denitrogenation by breathing oxygen-rich gas to prevent altitude decompression sickness / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>While the technology of the molecular sieve oxygen generation system(MSOGS) onboard was used, pilots could not breathe pure oxygen to eliminate nitrogen during a high altitude flight. There is no report whether it is a threat to altitude decompression sickness(ADS) or not in that condition. This experiment was intended to observe the effects of breathing different oxygen-rich gases of MSOGS on denitrogenation, so that we could make the medical physiological requirements for MSOGS on-board and provide experimental basis for aeromedical supply.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Eight healthy males were breathed oxygen-rich gases (60%,70%,80%,90%and 99.6%) in turn for 60 min, and the concentration of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and argon at the end of expiration interval in the oxygen mask were continuously measured by a flight mass spectrometer through the oxygen mask. According to the variety of the denitrogenation rate by breathing different oxygen-rich gases, its change law was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were significant differences (P < 0.05) about denitrogenation rate in different oxygen-rich gases due to different oxygen concentration and breathing time. The denitrogenation rate of pure oxygen was higher than that of the others. It was indicated that the concentration of nitrogen in lung would decrease along with the increase in oxygen concentration of oxygen-rich gases, and the nitrogen concentration in the lung almost decreased by 50% or even more if people were breathed 60%-90% oxygen-rich gas longer than 60 s.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The man-made respiration environment of low nitrogen can be provided by breathing oxygen-rich gases, although the denitrogenation velocity of breathing oxygen-rich gases is lower than that of breathing pure oxygen. So it can be used as a measure to eliminate and lower the nitrogen in the body to prevent from ADS.</p>