Discovery of the mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of migraine based on functional magnetic resonance imaging and omics / 医学前沿

Migraine is one of the most prevalent and disabling neurological disease, but the current pharmacotherapies show limited efficacy and often accompanied by adverse effects. Acupuncture is a promising complementary therapy, but further clinical evidence is needed. The influence of acupuncture on migraine is not an immediate effect, and its mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to provide further clinical evidence for the anti-migraine effects of acupuncture and explore the mechanism involved. A randomized controlled trial was performed among 10 normal controls and 38 migraineurs. The migraineurs were divided into blank control, sham acupuncture, and acupuncture groups. Patients were subjected to two courses of treatment, and each treatment lasted for 5 days, with an interval of 1 day between the two courses. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated using pain questionnaire. The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were analyzed for investigating brain changes induced by treatments. Blood plasma was collected for metabolomics and proteomics studies. Correlation and mediation analyses were performed to investigate the interaction between clinical, fMRI and omics changes. Results showed that acupuncture effectively relieved migraine symptoms in a way different from sham acupuncture in terms of curative effect, affected brain regions, and signaling pathways. The anti-migraine mechanism involves a complex network related to the regulation of the response to hypoxic stress, reversal of brain energy imbalance, and regulation of inflammation. The brain regions of migraineurs affected by acupuncture include the lingual gyrus, default mode network, and cerebellum. The effect of acupuncture on patients' metabolites/proteins may precede that of the brain.

Application of case-based learning guided by ICF in rehabilitation practice teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of case-based learning (CBL) guided by ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) in rehabilitation practice teaching.Methods:Fifty-eight rehabilitation undergraduates who had practiced in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine in The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from February 2019 to December 2019 were randomized into observation group and control group. The observation group adopted ICF-guided CBL method for practice teaching, while the control group adopted traditional teaching methods. At the end of the internship, all the students were assessed in terms of their theoretical knowledge, case analysis and clinical practice ability. At the same time, questionnaires were used to conduct a satisfaction survey on the teaching method, and the results of the two groups were compared and analyzed by ttest and rank-sum test through SPSS 25.0. Results:The scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, with statistical significance ( P<0.05) . In the satisfaction survey, the observation group was superior to the traditional teaching method in terms of self-thinking ability and learning initiative, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). Conclusion:ICF-guided CBL method can strengthen students' independent thinking ability and learning initiative, and improve the students' clinical comprehensive ability of rehabilitation treatment.

Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Heart Failure Caused by Coronary Heart Disease Based on Endpoint Events: Ideas and Methods of Evidence-Based Optimization / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective: This paper analyzed the present clinical researches of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of heart failure caused by coronary heart disease and discusses the ideas and methods of evidence-based optimization. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, VIP and CBM were searched to screen the clinical studies of TCM for treating heart failure caused by coronary heart disease. The problems and solutions were discussed by evaluating the risk of bias of the studies and analyzing the outcomes compared with the Cochrane systematic reviews of chronic heart failure. Results: A total of 32 clinical researches were included and the methodological quality of the studies was generally low. In addition, few studies assessed the endpoint events, mortality and readmission, as the primary outcomes in their trials, which is significantly different from the outcomes concerned in the Cochrane systematic reviews. Conclusion: It is really critical to improve the methodological quality of the trials and to choose the endpoint events as the primary outcomes in the evidence-based optimization of the prevention and treatment of TCM for heart failure caused by coronary heart disease Chinese medicine.