Efficacy of fractional CO 2 laser and 1064-nm, Q-switched Nd∶YAG laser on xanthelasma palpebrarum / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To determine the clinical efficacy and safety of a fractional CO 2 laser and a 1 064 nm, Q-switched Nd∶YAG laser therapy in the treatment of xanthelasma palpebrarum. Methods:From October 2020 to October 2021, 30 patients (5 males and 25 females) with bilateralxanthelasma palpebrarum of the eyelid were enrolled in the Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University. The age ranged from 38 to 67 (51±7) years. One side was randomly treated with fractional CO 2 laser as the fractional group, and the other side was treated with Q-switch 1 064 nm Nd∶YAG laser as the Q-switch group. The treatment was given every 28 days for 4 times. Before treatment and 1 month after the last treatment, the general pictures were taken to compare the clinical effect. Skin ultrasound was used to measure the difference of tumor thickness before and after treatment. The incidence of adverse reactions, such as local scar, hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation after inflammation, were recorded. Results:Under general photos, there was statistically significant difference in efficacy scores between the two groups before and after treatment ( Z=-3.082, P<0.05). By comparison of tumor thickness under skin ultrasound, the difference between the two groups before and after treatment was statistically significant ( t=21.60, P<0.05; t=17.29, P<0.05); there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups before treatment ( t=0.46, P=0.650), but there was statistically significant difference between the two groups after treatment ( t=8.41, P<0.001). No serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups. Conclusions:Fractional CO 2 laser or Q-switch 1 064 nm Nd∶YAG laser can safely and effectively improve xanthelasma palpebrarum, in which the effect of fractional CO 2 laser is much better.

Relationship Between Prevalence of Atrial Fibrillation, Ischemia Stoke and CHA2DS2-VASc Score in Elderly Patients / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To explore the relationship between prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF), iskhemia stoke and CHA2DS2-VASc score in patients≥65 years in order to provide prevention and treatment basis in clinical practice. Methods: A total of 5016 patients admitted in our hospital from 2013-10 to 2015-10 were enrolled. The patients were divided into 2 groups: AF group, n=437 and Non-AF patients, n=4579; according to age, the patients were further assigned into 4 subgroups as <65 years subgroup, (65-74) years subgroup, (75-84) years subgroup and ≥85 years subgroup. The risk factors for AF occurrence were retrospectively studied. Results: Compared with the Non-AF group, the patients in AF group had the elder age and more male gender, both P<0.001; more patients combining with hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes, sick sinus syndrome and rheumatic heart disease, all P<0.001. Age, male gender, CAD, sick sinus syndrome and rheumatic heart disease were the independent risk factors for AF occurrence. Compared with Non-AF group, AF group showed the higher prevalence rate of ischemic stroke and the elder onset age, both P<0.01. For non-valvular AF, the ratio of patients with CHA2DS2-VASc score≥2 was higher than those with CHA2DS2-VASc score<2 and the rate of anticoagulant therapy was decreasing by age increasing, all P<0.001. Conclusion: Age, male gender, CAD, sick sinus syndrome and rheumatic heart disease were independently related to AF occurrence. Non-valvular AF patients had the higher risk for ischemic stroke than non-AF patients, anticoagulation therapy should be conducted at the early stage.

Study on the Secondary Metabolites of Endophytic Fungus Alternaria Solani from Aconitum Tsaii / 中国药师

Objective:To study the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus Alternaria solani from Aconitum Tsaii. Methods:The endogenous fungui fermentation product was extracted by methanol followed by recycling methanol to obtain the extract, and the ex-tract was extracted by ethyl acetate to obtain the crude extract. The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography and identified based on the spectral analysis ( MS, 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR) . Results:Totally 12 compounds were isolated from A. so-lani and characterized as (22E, 24R)-Ergosta-4, 6, 8 (14), 22-tetraen-3-one (1), 1,3-Diolein (2), 5-(3', 3'-Dimethylallyloxy)-3-methoxy-4-methylphthalide (3), pseudomonas aeruginosa H2-sesquiterpene lactone (4), ergosterol peroxide (5), 7-dehydroxyl-zinni-ol (6), ergosterol-7, 22-diene-3β, 5,6-triol (7), 9-octadecenoic acid -2',3'-dihydroxy propyl ester (8), 8-O-Methyltalatisamine (9), Chasmanine (10), yunaconitine (11) and crassicauline A (12). Conclusion:Totally 12 compounds are isolated from the endo-phytic fungus Alternaria solani, and four of them are isolated for the first time.

Study on the Secondary Metabolites of Endophytic Fungus Alternaria Solani from Aconitum Tsaii / 中国药师

Objective:To study the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus Alternaria solani from Aconitum Tsaii. Methods:The endogenous fungui fermentation product was extracted by methanol followed by recycling methanol to obtain the extract, and the ex-tract was extracted by ethyl acetate to obtain the crude extract. The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography and identified based on the spectral analysis ( MS, 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR) . Results:Totally 12 compounds were isolated from A. so-lani and characterized as (22E, 24R)-Ergosta-4, 6, 8 (14), 22-tetraen-3-one (1), 1,3-Diolein (2), 5-(3', 3'-Dimethylallyloxy)-3-methoxy-4-methylphthalide (3), pseudomonas aeruginosa H2-sesquiterpene lactone (4), ergosterol peroxide (5), 7-dehydroxyl-zinni-ol (6), ergosterol-7, 22-diene-3β, 5,6-triol (7), 9-octadecenoic acid -2',3'-dihydroxy propyl ester (8), 8-O-Methyltalatisamine (9), Chasmanine (10), yunaconitine (11) and crassicauline A (12). Conclusion:Totally 12 compounds are isolated from the endo-phytic fungus Alternaria solani, and four of them are isolated for the first time.

Diterpenoid Alkaloids in the Roots of Aconitum Iochanicum / 中国药师

Objective: To study the chemical constituents in the roots of Aconitum iochanicum Ulbr.Methods: The air-dried roots of A.iochanicum were powdered and extracted by methanol with a percolation method.After removing the solvent under reduced pressure, the crude extract was dissolved in1.5% HCl solution, and then extracted by ecetic ether.The acidic solution was basified to pH 9.0 by NaOH (5%) and extracted with ethyl acetate to obtain crude alkaloidal extract after the removal of ethyl acetate.The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography and identified based on spectral analysis (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS).Results: Totally 18 compounds were isolated from A.iochanicum and characterized as 14-O-acetylsachaconitine (1), franchetine (2), crassicaudine (3), indaconoitine (4), 14-benzoyl chasmanine (5), 14-O-acetyltalatisamine (6), talatisamine (7), chasmannine (8), crassicauline A (9), bikhaconine (10), 13,15-dideoxyaconitine (11), crassicautine (12), kongboensine (13), liljestrandisine (14), ludaconitine (15), 8-deacetyl-yunaconitine (16), yunaconitine (17) and ouvrardiantine (18).Conclusion: It''s the first time to study the chemical constituents of A.iochanicum, and 18 diterpenoid alkaloids are isolated.

Correlation Study Between Atrial Fibrillation and High-sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Level in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To explore the relationship between serum level of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and atrial ifbrillation (AF) occurrence in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A total of 1011 patients with stable CAD treated in our hospital from 2013-01 to 2015-09 were retrospectively studied. According to quartiles of hs-cTnT, the patients were divided into 4 groups: Group① the patients with hs-cTnT≤7ng/L, n=283, Group② hs-cTnT 7-10ng/L,n=238, Group③ hs-cTnT 10-15ng/L,n=272 and Group④ hs-cTnT>15ng/L,n=218. The relationship between hs-cTnT level and AF occurrence rate was studied; the risk factors for AF occurrence were explored by multi stepwise Logistic regression analysis. Results: There were 127/1011 (12.6%) patients combining AF and 884 (87.4%) with simple type stable CAD. AF patients had the higher serum level of hs-cTnT than non-AF patients 17.0 (12.0, 25.0) ng/L vs 10.0 (7.0, 13.0) ng/L,P Conclusion: Increased serum level of hs-cTnT was closely related to AF occurrence in patients with stable CAD.

Studies on Diterpenoid Alkaloids in Aconitum Transsectum / 中国药师

Objective:To study the chemical constituents in the roots of Aconitum transsectum. Methods:The compounds were i-solated and purified by column chromatography on the columns of silica gel, Al2 O3 and Sephadex LH-20, and their structures were elu-cidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence ( MS and NMR) . Results:Totally 12 compounds were isolated from A. transsectum, and characterized as yunaconitine (1), indaconitine (2), crassialine A (3), 8-deacetylyunaconitine (4), talatisamine (5), chasma-conitine (6), 14-acetyltalatisamine (7), vilmoraconitine (8), sachaconitine (9), 14-acetylsachaconitine (10), acoforestinine (11) and vilmorrianine C (12). Conclusion:Compounds 8-11 are obtained from A. transsectum for the first time.

Relationship Between Lower Extremity Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Elder People / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To explore the relationship between lower extremity atherosclerosis disease (LEAD) and cardiovascular risk factors in elder people. Methods: A total of 700 consecutive patients receive lower extremity Color Doppler ultrasound in our hospital from 2013-05 to 2014-11 were investigated. The patients were divided into 3 age groups: Young and middle group, n=83, Elder group, n=377 and Senile group, n=240. Based on ultrasound scoring system, the patients were divided into 4 groups: Normal group, n=112, Mild atherosclerosis (Mild) group, n=81, Moderate group, n=466 and Severe group, n=41. The cardiovascular risk factors among different groups were compared. Results: Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that age, smoking, history of diabetes, uric acid (UA), ankle-brachial index (ABI) were the independent risk factors for LEAD (B=0.144, 1.496, 0.963, 0.004, -2.510; 95% CI: 1.120-1.190, 2.257-8.824, 1.456-4.716, 1.001-1.007, 0.012-0.534;P=0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.006, 0.009 respectively. Ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that age, male gender, smoking, ABI, UA, history of hypertension were related to the severity of atherosclerosis (B=0.130, 0.737, 0.592, -3.365, 0.003, 0.735; 95% CI: 0.097-0.162, 0.222-1.252, 0.052-1.132, -4.674 to -2.055, 0.001-0.005, 0.313-1.157;P=0.000, 0.005, 0.032, 0.000, 0.005, 0.001 respectively. Compared with Young and Middle groups, Elder and Senile groups had increased rates of moderate and severe arteriosclerotic lesions; compared with Elder group, Senile group presented the higher incidence of moderate and severe lesions, allP Conclusion: Lower extremity atherosclerosis lesions were more severe in elder patient, and it was particularly severe in senile patients.

Effects and mechanisms of ghrelin on plaque neovascularization in rabbits with atherosclerosis / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective The aim of our study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of ghrelin on neovascularization in atherosclerosis plaque. Methods 30 male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into normal control group ( CON group) , atherosclerosis model group ( AS group) , and ghrelin treatment group ( ghrelin group) , and each group of 10 rabbits. The AS group and ghrelin group underwent balloon-induced arterial wall injury and then fed with high fat diet, the CON group was fed only on a regular diet. They were all fed for 3 months. Then the ghrelin group was given ghrelin 25μg·kg-1 ·d-1 , the other two groups received the same amount of sterile normal saline only. Four weeks later, body weight and blood lipids were detected. The thickness ratio of the intima to media was measured by HE staining. Degree of intra-plaque angiogenesis was evaluated by CD31+ cells immunohisto-chemistry. The vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 ( VEGFR2) were detected by quantitative realtime PCR and Western blot. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results ( 1 ) No significant differences in body weight and blood lipids were found between the AS group and the ghrelin group(P>0. 05), but both items were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0. 05). (2)The thickness ratio of the intima to media in the ghrelin treated group was distinctly less than that in the AS group(P<0. 05). (3)Compared with the AS group, the ghrelin group showed significantly decreased microvascular density and the expressions of VEGF and VEGFR2 (P<0. 05). (4)Compared with the AS group, ghrelin dramatically inhibited the plaque contents of MMP-2 and MMP-9 ( P<0. 05 ). Conclusions Ghrelin is able to inhibit the growth of neovascularizationin in the atherosclerotic plaque and the development of plaque. And these beneficial effects derive from downregulation of VEGF, VEGFR2, MMP-2, and MMP-9 at the advanced stage of atherosclerosis in rabbits.

Study on Diterpenoid Alkaloids from the Roots of Aconitum Straminiflorum / 中国药师

Objective:To study the chemical constituents of Aconitum straminiflorum. Methods:The air-dried roots of A. stra-miniflorum were powdered and extracted three times with 90% ethonal under reflux. After the removal of the solvent under reduced pressure,the crude extract was dissolved in 1. 5% HCl solution(7 L). The acidic solution was basified to pH 9. 0 with ammonia (25%)and extracted with CHCl3 to obtain crude extract of total alkaloids after the removal of CHCl3 . The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography and identified based on spectral analysis( MS,1 H-üMR and 13 C-üMR). Results:Totally 7 compounds were isolated from A. straminiflorum,and characterized as aconosine(1),13-deoxyludaconitine(2),dolaconine(3), ezochasmanine(4),talatisamine(5),scopaline(6)and cammaconine(7),respectively. Conclusion:Seven diterpenoid alkaloids are isolated from A. Straminiflorum for the first time.

Effects and related mechanisms of ghrelin on myocardial neovascularization in diabetic rats with experimental myocardial infarction / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects and related mechanisms of ghrelin on myocardial neovascularization in diabetic rats with experimental myocardial infarction (MI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Adult male SD rats were divided into six groups (n = 20 each group): control, diabetes mellitus (DM), MI, DM+MI, DM+MI+ghrelin, DM+MI+ghrelin+D-Lys3-GHRP-6 (GHSR1a inhibitor). DM was induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg), 3 months later, MI was induced by left anterior descending artery ligation in DM rats. DM+MI+ghrelin group received ghrelin 200 µg×kg(-1)×d(-1) and DM+MI+ghrelin+D-Lys3-GHRP-6 group received ghrelin 200 µg×kg(-1)×d(-1) and D-Lys3-GHRP-6 50 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1) for 4 weeks. Then, cardiac function was measured by echocardiography, microvascular density (MVD) was measured by CD34 immunohistochemistry, myocardial infarct size was determined by Masson staining, the mRNA and protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and receptors Flk-1, Flt-1 were detected by real-time PCR and Western-blot, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with MI group, MVD (15.3 ± 1.0 vs.20.7 ± 1.6, P < 0.05), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ((64.2 ± 3.4)% vs. (81.3 ± 3.8)%, P < 0.01), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) ((31.7 ± 1.1)% vs. (48.8 ± 3.3)%, P < 0.01) and the mRNA and protein expression of VEGF, Flk-1 and Flt-1 (P < 0.01) were reduced, while myocardial infarct size ((55.8 ± 3.1)% vs. (35.7 ± 2.5)%, P < 0.01) was increased in DM+MI group. These effects were partly reversed in DM+MI+ghrelin group and the beneficial effects of ghrelin were partly abolished by D-Lys3-GHRP-6 (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our results demonstrate that ghrelin could improve microvascular density, cardiac function, and reduce myocardial infarct size of diabetic rats with myocardial infarction via modulating GHSR1a-mediated expressions of VEGF, Flk-1 and Flt-1.</p>

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with support of ultrasound-mediated microbubbles and bispecific antibody prevent myocardial fibrosis via HSP-70 / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To explore the effects of transplantated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on myocardial fibrosis with the aid of ultrasound-mediated microbubbles (MB) and bispecific antibody(BiAb) combination.Methods With the aid of MB,isolated MSCs from male mice and the BiAb were transfused into female mice with isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis via tail vein (MSCs + BiAb + MB group).BiAb was producted with anti-CD29 which can recognize MSCs and anti-myosin light chain antibody (AMLCA) which can specifically bind to injured myocardium.There were six groups investigated:MSC + BiAb + MB,MSC,BiAb,MB,MSC + BiAb,untreated,and control groups.Five weeks after treatment administration,the expressions of sex-determining region of Y-chromosome (SRY) in myocardium were detected by fluorescent quantitative PCR.The distribution of collagen was observed by sirius red staining.Heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) in myocardium was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The highest homing number of MSCs was in the MSCs + BiAb + MB group,MSCs + BiAb group ranked the second,and lowest in MSCs group.Compared to the untreated group,the MSCs + BiAb + MB,MSCs + BiAb and MSCs groups had less collagen deposition (P ＜0.05),and decreased level of HSP-70.Compared to those of the MSCs group,the collagen deposition were decreased in MSCs + BiAb + MB group (P ＜0.05).Conclusions MB and BiAb can promote the homing number of MSCs in mice.MB can further the homing rate and the repairing efficacy of MSCs.The homing MSCs can prevent the process of myocardial fibrosis.And HSP-70 was involved in the internal mechanism.