Carbohydrate-based quality consistency evaluation of Saposhnikoviae Radix / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to evaluate the quality consistency of Saposhnikoviae Radix based on carbohydrates, and explore the potential of carbohydrates as the internal quality control indicators of Saposhnikoviae Radix. The total polysaccharides were quantified by UV-Vis spectrophotometry and the molecular weight range of the polysaccharides was determined by high performance gel-permeation chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection(HPGPC-ELSD). The monosaccharides in polysaccharides and the free monosaccharides were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography-UV detection(HPLC-UV), and the oligosaccharides and fructose were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection(HPLC-ELSD). The carbohydrate-based quality of Saposhnikoviae Radix was compared among 45 batches of commercial samples and 13 batches of self-collected samples. The results showed that the molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide, and free monosaccharide composition were similar in the 58 batches of samples. The average content of total polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, and total free monosaccharides in commercial samples were 39.66, 148.79, and 68.62 mg·g~(-1), respectively. The content showed significant differences among batches, with the highest differences of 3.51, 1.75, and 2.58 times, respectively. The RSD of the relative ratios of monosaccharides in the polysaccharides in commercial samples reached 28%-45%. The average content of total polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, and total free monosaccharides in self-collected samples were 68.07, 145.76, and 42.04 mg·g~(-1), respectively, with the inter-region differences of 2.88, 1.88, and 1.07 times, respectively. The RSD of the relative ratios of monosaccharides in polysaccharides in self-collected samples ranged from 8.2% to 59%. The total polysaccharides and total free monosaccharides in self-collected samples were 1.72 times higher and 1.63 times lower, respectively, than those in commercial samples. The content of oligosaccharides was similar between self-collected samples and commercial samples. To sum up, carbohydrates are one of the material bases for the internal quality consistency of Saposhnikoviae Radix. The qualitative characteristics of polysaccharides and the quantitative characteristics of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides are related to the origin of medicinal materials. Moreover, the quantitative characteristics of polysaccharides and free monosaccharides may be related to the storage conditions. Carbohydrates are potential indicators for the quality control of Saposhnikoviae Radix and deserve attention.

The Expression and Correlation of miR-195, miR-125 and Calreticulin in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the expression and correlation of microRNA-195 (miR-195), miR-125 and calreticulin in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).@*METHODS@#From April 2020 to April 2021, 80 DLBCL patients with complete data archived by the Pathology Department of Handan First Hospital and The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University were selected as the study group, and 70 patients with reactive lymph node hyperplasia were selected as the control group. The expressions of miR-195 and miR-125 were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the expression of calreticulin was detected by Western blot. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between miR-195, miR-125, calreticulin and DLBCL, and ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of miR-195, miR-125 and calreticulin for DLBCL.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the expression of miR-195 decreased but miR-125 and calreticulin increased in the study group (P<0.001). The expression levels of miR-195, miR-125 and calreticulin were not related to sex, age, primary site and B symptoms of patients with DLBCL, but related to immunophenotype, Ann Arbor stage, lactate dehydrogenase, IPI score, nodule involvement and Ki-67 index. The expression of miR-195 decreased and the expression of miR-125 and calreticulin increased in DLBCL paitents with non-germinal center source, Ann Arbor stage III-IV, lactate dehydrogenase > 245 U/L, IPI score 3-5, nodule involvement≥2 and Ki-67 index≥75% (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that miR-195 and miR-125 were negatively correlated (r=-0.536, P=0.001), miR-195 and calreticulin were negatively correlated (r=-0.545, P=0.001), while miR-125 and calreticulin were positively correlated (r=0.523, P=0.001). ROC curve showed that compared with the single diagnosis of miR-195, miR-125 and calreticulin, the combination of the three items had higher predictive value for DLBCL (P<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of miR-195 decreases and the expression of miR-125 and calreticulin increase in patients with DLBCL. Along with the increase of disease stage and IPI score, the decrease of miR-195 and the increase of miR-125 and calreticulin aggravate gradually. The three items may participate in the occurrence and progress of DLBCL.

Superiority of motor imagery acupuncture in improving muscle tension for patients with upper limb hemiplegia of stroke in early stage / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To verify the superiority of motor imagery acupuncture in improving muscle tension for patients with upper limb hemiplegia in early stroke.@*METHODS@#A total of 64 patients of stroke hemiplegia with upper limb flaccid paralysis were randomly divided into an observation group (32 cases, 1 case dropped off ) and a control group (32 cases, 4 cases dropped off ). The observation group was treated with motor imagery acupuncture (both acupuncture and motor imagery therapy at affected upper limb were performed).The control group was treated with acupuncture plus motor imagery therapy at affected lower limb, 2 h later after acupuncture, motor imagery therapy was applied to upper limb. Baihui (GV 20) to Taiyang (EX-HN 5) of healthy side, Fengchi (GB 20) and Jianyu (LI 15), Jianjing (GB 21), Quchi (LI 11), Waiguan (TE 5) on the affected side, ect. were selected in both groups, once a day, 5 times a week for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, 4, 8 weeks after treatment, the modified Ashworth scale (MAS) grade and Brunnstrom stage were compared in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the muscle tension of shoulder, elbow and wrist each time point after treatment was increased in the two groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Motor imagery acupuncture could promote hemiplegia upper limb muscle tension recovery in patients of stroke hemiplegia with upper limb flaccid paralysis, make the patients gradually shift to the separate fine movement mode, inhibit and relieve the appearance and development of spasm.

Protective Effect of Total Ginsenoside Ginseng Root on Learning and Memory Impairment and Anxiety in Rats Induced by Hindlimb Suspension / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of total ginsenoside ginseng root on the learning and memory impairment and anxiety of hindlimb suspension rats by detecting the performance of rats in the water maze， elevated plus maze， and the expression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis， inflammatory factors and tryptophan pathway related factors through the intervention of ginsenosides in hindlimb suspension rats. Method:The Wistar male rats were divided into normal group， hindlimb suspension model group， Huperzine A group （0.1 mg·kg^-1）， and total ginsenoside ginseng root low and high dose groups （100， 200 mg·kg^-1）， with 8 rats in each group. Except for the normal group， the rats in the other groups maintained a -30° hindlimb suspension state for 24 h. The normal group and the model group received intragastric administration of 10 mL·kg^-1 pure water . After 28 days of continuous administration， the water maze and elevated plus maze behavioral tests were performed. After the tests， blood was taken from the abdominal aorta， and the rat brain cortex was peeled off on ice， quenched with liquid nitrogen， and stored at -80 ℃ for later use. LC-MS/MS was used to detect neurotransmitter levels of dopamine， acetylcholine， glutamate， <italic>γ</italic>-aminobutyric acid and tryptophan pathway metabolites （tryptophan， 5-hydroxytryptamine， 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid， kynurenine， 3-hydroxykynurenine， and kynurenine） in rat brain cortex. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） kit was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-10 （IL-10， the HPA axis-related hormone corticotropin （ACTH）， and the level of corticosterone （CORT）. Result:Compared with the normal group， the escape latency in the water maze significantly increased， the number of crossings was significantly reduced， and the number of open-arm entry and the percentage of open-arm entry were significantly reduced in the elevated plus maze in model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic> P</italic><0.01）， the content of dopamine， acetylcholine， glutamic acid， and <italic>γ</italic>-aminobutyric acid in the cortex decreased， kynurenine and kynurenic acid showed an upward trend， 3-hydroxykynurenine， 5-hydroxytryptamine， 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid showed a downward trend， and the levels of IL-6， IL-10， ACTH， and CORT in the serum significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group of rats， total ginsenoside ginseng root low and high dose groups group reduced the avoidance latency in the water maze， and increased the number of crossings and the number of open arms of the elevated plus maze， dopamine， acetylcholine， glutamate， and <italic>γ</italic>-aminobutyl content increased， while kynurenine and kynurenic acid showed a downward trend， 3-hydroxykynurenine， serotonin， and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid showed an upward trend， and IL-6， IL-10， ACTH， and CORT factor levels were down-regulated（<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:Hindlimb suspension for 28 days in simulated microgravity can impair the learning and memory ability of rats and cause anxiety-like behaviors. Total ginsenoside ginseng root can improve their learning and memory impairment and anxiety-like behaviors. The mechanism may be mainly related to inhibiting body inflammation and regulating HPA axis imbalance.

Relationship between Polymorphism of miR-155 and Its Target Gene MyD88 and Clinicopathological Features of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of miR-155 and its target gene MyD88 and clinicopathological features of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).@*METHODS@#135 cases of DLBCL patients in our hospital from March 2015 to August 2017 were selected, and 90 cases of reactive hyperplasia of lymph nodes were selected as the control group. The relative expression of miR-155 and MyD88 gene polymorphism were detected in the two groups, and the relationship between miR-155 and MyD88 gene polymorphism and clinicopathological characteristics of DLBCL was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The relative expression of miR-155 in DLBCL patients was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The mutation rate of MyD88 L265P in DLBCL group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The relative expression of miR-155 in patients with MyD88 L265P mutation was significantly higher than that in patients with wild-type DLBCL (P<0.05). The relative expression of miR-155 and the polymorphism of MyD88 L265P were associated with lesion location, stage, BCL-2 protein expression and MyD88 protein expression in DLBCL patients (t=7.461、8.804、6.487、10.812； χ@*CONCLUSION@#The abnormal expression of miR-155 and the mutation rate of MyD88 gene in DLBCL patients are increased, and the expression of miR-155 and the mutation of MyD88 gene affect the disease progression and prognosis of patients, which may be potential biological indicators for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of DLBCL.

Effects of Long Non-coding RNA-TUC338 on the Migration and Proliferation of Lymphoma Cells via PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA-TUC338 on the proliferation and migration of lymphoma cells.@*METHODS@#The expression of TUC338 in different lymphoma cells was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR, cell proliferation by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, migration of lymphoma cells by transwell assay, and protein expression in PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The expression levels of TUC338 in lymphoma cells Daudi, U937, BC-3, and Raji significantly increased in comparison with human normal T lymphocytes H9 (t=13.277, 10.103, 16.200, and 26.687, P=0.002, 0.005, 0.001, and 0.000). Compared with NC-siRNA group, the number of cells crossing the chamber of TUC338-siRNA group was significantly reduced (t=30.508, P=0.000), the protein expression levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT significantly decreased (t=16.872 and 18.371, P=0.000 and 0.000), and OD@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of TUC338 significantly increases in lymphoma cells, and silence of TUC338 effectively inhibits the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and migration of lymphoma cells, which has a potential application value in diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma.

Research progress on damage and repair of blood vessels by central venous access devices / 中国实用护理杂志

The central venous access device (CVAD) is widely used in infusion of intravenous high nutrient solution, chemotherapy drugs, rapid infusion, blood transfusion, etc. CVAD is left in the patient′s blood vessels for a long time, although it has certain advantages in intravenous therapy, but also risks associated with it. In the past 20 years, many studies have focused on the mechanism of CVAD on vascular injury, trying to explore its mechanism from a different perspective at the microscopic level of pathophysiology. This article will review the three aspects of acute damage to the blood vessel caused by CVAD catheterization and chronic changes caused by indwelling catheters, analysis of the causes of vascular injury caused by CVAD catheterization, and research on preventing vascular injury caused by CVAD catheterization, aiming at providing reference for clinical intravenous therapy.

A high level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a protective factor against transplant renal artery stenosis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the factors associated with the occurrence of transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was conducted in 26 recipients who developed TRAS and 40 concurrent renal recipients without TRAS. We also conducted a nested case-control study in 14 patients with TRAS (TRAS-SD group) and another 14 non-TRAS recipients who received the allograft from the same donor (non-TRAS-SD group).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with those in the concurrent recipients without TRAS, acute rejection (AR) occurred at a significantly higher incidence (P=0.004) and the warm ischemia time (WIT) was significantly longer (P=0.015) and the level of high?density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL--C) significantly lower (P=0.009) in the recipients with TRAS. Logistic regression analysis suggested that AR (P=0.007) and prolonged WIT (P=0.046) were risk factors of TRAS while HDL-C (P=0.022) was the protective factor against TRAS. In recent years early diagnosis of TRAS had been made in increasing cases, the interval from transplantation to TRAS diagnosis became shortened steadily, and the recipients tended to have higher estimated glomerular filtration rate at the time of TRAS diagnosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Apart from the surgical technique, AR and prolonged WIT are also risk factors of TRAS while a high HDL-C level is the protective factor against TRAS. The improvement of the diagnostic accuracy by ultrasound is the primary factor contributing to the increased rate of early TRAS diagnosis in recent years.</p>

Clinical Study on the Specificities of Needling Manipulation in Point-toward-point Needling at Scalp Acupoints for Acute Stroke / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the efficacy difference between different needling manipulations in treating acute stroke with point-toward-point needling at scalp acupoints, for seeking the optimal treatment protocol. Method Ninety patients with acute stroke were randomized into a manual needling group, an electroacupuncture group, and a needle-retaining group, 30 cases each. In addition to the neurological treatment, the three groups were all given point-toward-point needling from Baihui (GV20) to Taiyang (EX-HN5) on the affected side, respectively with manual twisting, electroacupuncture and needle retaining methods. Before and after 14-day treatment, the Neurological Deficit Score (NDS), level of neuron specific enolase (NSE) and total efficacy were compared among the three groups. Result The NDS dropped significantly in the three groups after the intervention (P<0.05); the manual needling group showed the most significant improvement, better than the electroacupuncture group and needle retaining group. The level of NSE declined significantly in the three groups after the intervention (P<0.05); the decrease in the manual needling group was the most significant compared to that in the electroacupuncture group and needle retaining group. The total effective rate in the manual needling group (90.0%) was significantly higher than that in the electroacupuncture group and needle retaining group (P<0.05). Conclusion Point-toward-point needling at scalp acupoints with manual operation can effectively improve the neurological deficit in stroke patients, and the application of needling manipulations can further enhance the therapeutic efficacy, which is specific.

Interferon-Gamma Release Assay is Not Appropriate for the Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis in High-Burden Tuberculosis Settings: A Retrospective Multicenter Investigation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) has been used in latent tuberculosis (TB) infection and TB diagnosis, but the results from different high TB-endemic countries are different. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of IGRA in the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB (PTB) in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We conducted a large-scale retrospective multicenter investigation to further evaluate the role of IGRA in the diagnosis of active PTB in high TB-epidemic populations and the factors affecting the performance of the assay. All patients who underwent valid T-SPOT.TB assays from December 2012 to November 2015 in six large-scale specialized TB hospitals in China and met the study criteria were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1, sputum culture-positive PTB patients, confirmed by positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis sputum culture; Group 2, sputum culture-negative PTB patients; and Group 3, non-TB respiratory diseases. The medical records of all patients were collected. Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact test were used to compare categorical data. Multivariable logistic analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the results of T-SPOT in TB patients and other factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 3082 patients for whom complete information was available were included in the investigation, including 905 sputum culture-positive PTB cases, 914 sputum culture-negative PTB cases, and 1263 non-TB respiratory disease cases. The positive rate of T-SPOT.TB was 93.3% in the culture-positive PTB group and 86.1% in the culture-negative PTB group. In the non-PTB group, the positive rate of T-SPOT.TB was 43.6%. The positive rate of T-SPOT.TB in the culture-positive PTB group was significantly higher than that in the culture-negative PTB group (χ2 = 25.118, P < 0.01), which in turn was significantly higher than that in the non-TB group (χ2 = 566.116, P < 0.01). The overall results were as follows: sensitivity, 89.7%; specificity, 56.37%; positive predictive value, 74.75%; negative predictive value, 79.11%; and accuracy, 76.02%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High false-positive rates of T-SPOT.TB assays in the non-TB group limit the usefulness as a single test to diagnose active TB in China. We highly recommend that IGRAs not be used for the diagnosis of active TB in high-burden TB settings.</p>

A Study on the Preventive Drugs for Exposure to AIDS / 昆明医科大学学报

The prevention of occupational exposure to HIV has been carried out in China for many years, and achieved remarkable results. However, the practice of preventive drugs among people with non occupational exposure has many difficulties. Although the high-risk groups show high willingness and demand, their awareness of the preventive drugs is low due to the fear of increasing unprotected sex after the use of the drug. Other factors negatively affecting the application of the drugs are the cost and the side effects. In order to provide preventive treatment on time for the high-risk groups, the awareness of non occupational exposure prophylaxis should be raised.

Expression and Clinical Significance of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and to analyze the relation of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 expression levels with clinicopathological features.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 68 patients with AML were enrolled in the study, 48 out of them were suffered from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 20 reached to complete remission (CR), 30 age-matched patients with iron-deficient anemia were included in control group, the peripheral blood samples of all the patients were collected, and the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1, meanwhile, the correlation of its expression with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 in AML patients was significantly higher than that in the patient with complete remission and iron-deficient anemia (F=14.67, P<0.01). The expression of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 was not significantly different between 20 cases of AML-CR and 30 cases of iron-deficient anemia (P>0.05). The expression of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 was associated with NCCN risk grade and survival status in patients with AML. The median overall survival time was significantly shorter in patients with high expression of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 than that in patients with low expression(P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 may be involved in the regulation of AML. Expression of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 and NCCN risk score can be used as biomarkers of prognosis in the patients with AML and may be a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for AML patients.</p>

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for infertile males with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common genetic renal diseases, which may cause oligoasthenospermia and azoospermia and result in male infertility. This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) in male patients with ADPKD-induced infertility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 7 male patients with ADPKD-induced infertility undergoing PGD from April 2015 to February 2017, including 6 cases of oligoasthenospermia and 1 case of obstructive azoospermia, all with the PKD1 gene heterozygous mutations. Following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), we performed blastomere biopsy after 5 or 6 days of embryo culture and subjected the blastomeres to Sureplex whole-genome amplification, followed by haplotype linkage analysis, Sanger sequencing, array-based comparative genomic hybridization to assess the chromosomal ploidy of the unaffected embryos, and identification of the unaffected euploid embryos for transfer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One PGD cycle was completed for each of the 7 patients. Totally, 26 blastocysts were developed, of which 12 were unaffected and diploid. Clinical pregnancies were achieved in 6 cases following 7 cycles of frozen embryo transplantation, which included 5 live births and 1 spontaneous abortion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>For males with ADPKD-induced infertility, PGD may contribute to high rates of clinical pregnancy and live birth and prevent ADPKD in the offspring as well. This finding is also meaningful for the ADPKD patients with normal fertility.</p>

Early intervention of BK virus replication promotes stabilization of renal graft function / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the optimal time window for intervention of BK virus (BKV) replication and its effect on the outcomes of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis of the clinical data and treatment regimens was conducted among KTRs whose urine BKV load was ≥1.0×10copies/mL following the operation between April, 2000 and April, 2015. KTRs with urine BKV load <1.0×10copies/mL matched for transplantation time served as the control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 54 recipients positive for urine BKV were included in the analysis. According to urine BKV load, the recipients were divided into 3 groups: group A with urine BKV load of 1.0×10-1.0×10copies/mL (n=22), group B with urine BKV load >1.0×10copies/mL (n=24), and group C with plasma BKV load ≥1.0×10copies/mL (n=8); 47 recipients were included in the control group. During the follow-up for 3.2-34.5 months, the urine and plasma BKV load was obviously lowered after intervention in all the 54 BKV-positive recipients (P<0.05). Eighteen (81.82%) of the recipients in group A and 19 (79.17%) in group B showed stable or improved estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after the intervention; in group C, 4 recipients (50%) showed stable eGFR after the intervention. In the last follow-up, the recipients in groups A and B showed similar eGFR with the control group (P>0.05), but in group C, eGFR was significantly lower than that of the control group (P=0.001). The recipients in group A and the control group had the best allograft outcome with stable or improved eGFR.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early intervention of BKV replication (urine BKV load ≥1.0×10copies/mL) in KTRs with appropriate immunosuppression reduction can be helpful for stabilizing the allograft function and improving the long-term outcomes.</p>

Analysis of Cut-off Value in Screening of Thalassemia by Capillary Hemoglobin Electrophoresis for Pregnant Women from Shenzhen Region of China / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the cut-off value in screening of thalassemia in pregnant women from Shenzhen region by capillary hemoglobin electrophoresis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of capillary hemoglobin electrophoresis and genetic diagnosis of thalassemia from 2122 examined prenatal women were retrospectively analyzed. Capillary hemoglobin electrophoresis and α-, β- genetic diagnosis of thalassemia were carried out for every woman. Hemoglobin electrophoresis was performed using Capillarys 2 full-automated electrophoresis instrument. Gap polymerase chain reaction and reverse dot blot were used for genetic diagnosis of thalassemia genotyping test. The cut-off value in screening of thalassemia was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve and next to analyze the value of HbA2 and HbF in screening of thalassemia using the decided cut-off value.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The areas under the curve (AUC(Roc)) of HbA2 for diagnosis of α-, β- thalassemia were 0.75 and 0.981 respectively, and the AUC(Roc) of HbF for diagnosis of β-thalassemia was 0.787. When HbA2 ≤ 2.55 was taken as the cut-off value of HbA2 for diagnosis of α-thalassemia, the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR(+)) and negative likelihood ratio (LR(-)) were 89.5%, 54.8%, 1.98, 0.19 respectively. When HbA2 ≥3.9 was taken as the cut off value of HbA2 for diagnosis of β-thalassemia, the sensitivity, specificity, LR(+) and LR(-) were 96.1%, 99.8% 480.5, 0.04 respectively. When HbF ≥0.75 was taken as the cut off value of HbF for diagnosis of β-thalassemia, the sensitivity, specificity, LR(+) and LR(-) were 83.6%, 61.8% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cut-off value in screening of thalassemia by capillarys 2 full automated electrophoresis instrument is different from that of the traditional method of hemoglobin electrophoresis, such as cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis and agarose gel electrophoresis. Each laboratory should establish their own respective cut off value.</p>

Application of the improved monitoring and evaluation system of adverse drug reaction during infusion in clinic and emergency department / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To develop the improved monitoring and evaluation system of adverse drug reaction during infusion in clinic and emergency department,and investigate the effect of this system.Methods To develop monitoring and evaluation system of adverse drug reaction,which was consistent with the medical safety (adverse) event reporting,and running it.The system consisted of organizational structure,knowledge training,event reporting and processing,data analysis,quality control and continuous improvement.We collected the observed indicators of the cases of adverse drug reaction,quality and network reporting time pass rate,which were compared with those of the conventional system.Results One year during the improved system running,the cases of adverse drug reaction in clinic and emergency department infusion was reduced,the quality of reporting and handling significantly improved,network report pass rate increased.Conclusions Improved monitoring and evaluation system of adverse drug reactions has some significance in safety management of clinic and emergency department infusion,which is worthy of promotion in clinical work applications.

Application of scenario simulation technique in emergency rescue training of hospital grave pubic health events / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To discuss the application of scenario simulation technique in emergency rescue training of hospital grave pubic health events.Methods Based on the simulate function in the scenario simulation technique,we designed the emergency drill script of hospital grave pubic health events,set the simulate scene,communication system and indicators measuring emergency rescue,drilled and trained the hospital rescue crews,compared with the rescue crews trained in routine method.40 nurses were selected before or after the application of scenario simulation technique separately.Results The qualified rate of indicators such as communication and medical rescue system that were trained by scenario simulation method was higher than the rescue crews trained in routine method.Conclusions Scenario simulation technique would improve the training effect of emergency rescue in hospital grave pubic health events.

Ionic mechanism underlying distinctive excitability in atrium and ventricle of the heart / 生理学报

Cellular excitability is an important physiological factor in maintaining normal cardiac activity. The present study was designed to investigate the ionic mechanism underlying different excitability in atrial and ventricular myocytes of guinea pig heart using a whole-cell patch configuration. We found that excitability is lower in ventricular myocytes than that in atrial myocytes. Although the density of voltage-gated fast Na(+) current (INa) was lower in ventricular myocytes, it would not correlate to the lower excitability since its availability was greater than that in atrial myocytes around threshold potential. Classical inward rectifier K(+) current (IK1) was greater in ventricular myocytes than that in atrial myocytes, which might contribute in part to the lower excitability. In addition, the transient outward K(+) current with inward rectification (Itoir) elicited by depolarization was greater in ventricular myocytes than that in atrial myocytes and might contribute to the lower excitability. In ventricular myocytes, Ba(2+) at 5 µmol/L significantly inhibited Itoir, enhanced excitability, and shifted the threshold potential of INa activation to more negative, and the effect was independent of affecting INa. Our results demonstrate the novel information that in addition to classical IK1, Itoir plays a major role in determining the distinctive excitability in guinea pig atrial and ventricular myocytes and maintaining cardiac excitability. More effort is required to investigate whether increase of Itoir would be protective via reducing excitability.

Developmental status and prospect of musical electroacupuncture / 中国针灸

Through searching domestic and foreign medical journals in CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database and Pubmed database from January of 2003 to November of 2013, 39 articles regarding musical electroacupuncture (MEA) were analyzed. The result showed that MEA was clinically used to treat neurological and psychotic disorders; because it was combined with musical therapy and overcame the acupuncture tolerability, and MEA was superior to traditional electroacupuncture. However, problems such as low research efficiency and the mechanism of MEA superiority and the musical specificity not being revealed by research design still exist. In future, large-sample multi-center RCT researches should be performed to clarify MEA clinical efficacy. With modern science and technology and optimized study design, guided by five-element theory of TCM, researches on different musical elements and characteristics of musical pulse current as well as MEA's correlation with meridians and organs should be studied, so as to make a further exploration on MEA mechanisms and broaden the range of its clinical application.

Effect of long-term power frequency electromagnetic field exposure on proliferation and apoptosis of SRA01/04 cells / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of long-term power frequency electromagnetic field (50 Hz) exposure on the proliferation and apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells (SRA01/04 cells).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SRA01/04 cells in the exponential growth phase were exposed or sham-exposed to power frequency electromagnetic field (50 Hz, 2.3 mT) for 2 hours per day, 5 days every week. After 11 weeks of exposure, the cells were collected; the cell morphology was observed under a microscope, the cell viability was measured by MTT assay, the cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry, and the protein expression levels of cyclin D and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were determined by western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the sham-exposed SRA01/04 cells, most exposed cells became rounded and more stereoscopic, and heterochromatin gathered near the nuclear membrane in some exposed cells. The MTT assay showed that the viability of exposed cells was significantly increased compared with that of the sham-exposed cells (P < 0.05). Long-term power frequency electromagnetic field exposure led to significantly increased number of cells in S phase (P < 0.05), and the proliferation index was significantly higher in the exposed cells than in the sham-exposed cells (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in apoptotic rate between the exposed cells and sham-exposed cells (P > 0.05). The exposed cells had significantly higher protein expression levels of cyclin D and PCNA than the sham-exposed cells (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Long-term power frequency electromagnetic field exposure can promote cellular proliferation and change cell cycle in SRA01/04 cells, but it has no marked effect on the apoptosis of SRA01/04 cells.</p>