Adult linear scleroderma with ptosis: a case report and literature review / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To discuss the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of linear scleroderma (LS).Methods:A case of LS diagnosed in the Second Hospital of Shandong University in October 20, 2020, was reported and the clinical features and pathological documentation of the disease reported in the literature were reviewed.Results:A 24-year-old woman presented cicatricial alopecia on the left frontoparietal area and facial atrophy for about 10 years. Two years before, she began to suffer ptosis and neurological complaints. Clinical features of different stages of the disease are presented. All 15 patients reported in the literature were analyzed, with a median of 22 years and a male to female ratio of 9∶6. There were 4 cases of linear scleroderma with ipsilateral drooping eyelids and lateral contraction, 3 cases of linear scleroderma with demyelinating lesions, combined with lateral contraction, 3 cases of linear scleroderma combined with lateral atrophy, and 1 case of linear scleroderma with ipsilateral facial spasm. Two cases were with the chest sclerosing spot. Two cases of linear scleroderma were with epileptic seizure and white matter demyelination lesion. Six cases were treated with hormone, 2 cases were treated with methotrexate. One case was treated with both hormone and methotrexate. One case was treated with botulinum toxin. Three cases were treated with surgical correction of eyelid ptosis. One case was treated with ultraviolet A1 radiation phototherapy and 1 case was treated with vitamin therapy.Conclusions:Patients with scleroderma may have ipsilateral facial atrophy, blepharoptosis and facial spasm. Some patients involving the nervous system may have epilepsy and myelitis. And demyelinating lesions can be seen in magnetic resonance imaging. Localized scleroderma may develop into systemic scleroderma. Therefore, it is recommended to combine immunosuppressants as soon as possible to control the development of the disease if necessary.

Optimization of formulation process and in vitro evaluation of copper sulfide nanoparticles / 药学实践杂志

Objective To avoid the accumulation of copper sulfide (CuS) nanoparticles, prepare and optimize CuS nanoparticles, analyze the factors affecting the particle size and evaluate their photothermal properties. Methods Based on the single factor study, central composite design-response surface methodology was used to optimize the CuS nanoparticle formulation process. The morphology, particle size stability, photothermal conversion efficiency, photothermal stability of optimized CuS nanoparticles were characterized. The toxicity of CuS nanoparticles on 4T1 breast cancer cells and HK2 kidney cells was evaluated by CCK-8 method. In vitro photothermal experiment was used to investigate the ability of CuS nanoparticles on killing 4T1 breast cancer cells. Results The average hydration dynamic diameter of optimized CuS nanoparticles was (10.53±1.63)nm, the actual particle size of CuS nanoparticles showed by TEM image was (3.10±0.81)nm. It had good particle size stability, good photothermal conversion efficiency and photothermal stability. Within the concentration range of 100 μg/ml and 150 μg/ml，it showed no significant toxicity on 4T1 breast cancer cells and HK2 kidney cells, indicating the good stability of CuS nanoparticles. In vitro photothermal therapy showed that CuS nanoparticles had good ability to kill 4T1 breast cancer cells by photothermal. Conclusion The prepared CuS nanoparticles have a small particle size (less than 6nm) and a good photothermal effect, which is expected to solve the problem of CuS nanoparticles accumulation in vivo and make it better for tumor treatment.

Influencing factors for treatment compliance of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for post-discharge treatment compliance of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).Methods MDR-TB patients who were hospitalized in a tubercu-losis hospital between November 2011 and January 2013 were chosen,post-discharge follow-up was conducted regu-larly through telephone call.Medicine-taking and re-examination of patients was inquired,factors influencing pa-tients’treatment compliance were analyzed.Results 299 patients were included in the study,the total treatment compliance rate was 81 .94% (n=245);249(83.28%)patients regularly took medicine,50(16.72%)didn’t regu-larly take medicine;254 (84.95%)were re-examined on time,45 (15.05%)were not re-examined on time;37 (12.37%)discontinued treatment,260 (86.96%)continuously treated till the survey deadline.Univariate analysis revealed that treatment compliance (including regular medication rate,timely re-examination rate,interrupted treat-ment rate,and total compliance rate)was significantly different among MDR-TB patients of different ages,education levels,treatment time,and with or without adverse reactions(all P <0.05 ).Logistic regression analysis revealed that treatment compliance of MDR-TB patients was negatively correlated with treatment time(β=-1 .47,Wald χ2=24.28,P <0.05)and adverse reactions(β=-2.02,Waldχ2 =24.24,P <0.05 ),while positively correlated with education levels(β=0.79,Wald χ2 =6.50,p <0.05 ).Conclusion Prolonged treatment time and adverse reactions can reduce the treatment compliance of MDR-TB patients,the higher education levels of MDR-TB patients have, the better treatment compliance they implement.

Expression of human papillomavirus DNA in keratoacanthoma tissue / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To detect the infection rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in keratoacanthoma (KA) tissue, and to study the distribution of HPV DNA-positive cells. Methods In situ hybridization was performed to detect HPV subtypes 6/11, 16/18, and 31/33 in paraffin-embeded tissue samples from 46 patients with KA and 34 nomal human controls. Results Mucosal HPV DNA was positive in 31 (67.39%)of the 46 KA samples, and mixed infection rate of HPV amounted to 83.87% (26/31) in these positive samples.The DNA of tested mucosal HPV types existed mainly in episomal status. Positive reactions were observed within or at the edge of nuclei. HPV infected cells showed a stripe-, slice-like or focal distribution mainly in superficial middle lamina of spinous layer at the bottom or lateral margin of crater-shaped epidermal depression. No mucosal HPV DNA was noted in normal control samples. Conclusions Compared with normal controls, patients with KA are infected with mucosal HPV at a higher frequency, and mucosal HPV DNA mainly exists in episomal status in KA tissue, hinting that HPV infection play a certain role in the pathogenesis of KA.

Detection of T cell receptor gamma gene rearrangements in mycosis fumgoides / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To assess the diagnostic significance of T cell receptor gamma gene rearrangemerits in mycosis fungoides (MF), so as to develop a sensitive diagnosis tool. Methods A total of 50 specimens were collected, including 33 skin lesion specimens and 2 lymph specimens from 30 patients with MF,15 skin lesion specimens from 15 patients with inflammatory dermatoses. PCR was performed with specific primers targeting TCR V gamma 8, 9, 10, 11 to detect T cell receptor gamma gene rearrangement. Results Monoclonai rearrangements of TCR gene was observed in 88% (29/33) of specimens from patients with MF and 33% (5/15) of samples from patients with inflammatory dermatoses. Conclusions The detection of TCR gene rearrangements, as an ancillary test, is useful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MF.