RESUMO
Background: In pre-eclampsia, there is increased uteroplacental resistance and reduced fetal perfusion due to inadequate invasion of spiral arterioles by trophoblast cells. This causes impaired fetal growth and fetal hypoxia. The objective was to assess the usefulness of fetal Doppler in predicting adverse perinatal outcome in preeclampsia.Methods: It was a prospective study conducted in Adesh medical college and hospital, Mohri, KKR, Haryana, India during the period of 2 years (2021-2022) on 92 women of reproductive age group from menarche to menopause, attending the hospital with complaints of lower abdomen pain, flatulence, lump in abdomen, changes in urinary and bowel habits and ovarian mass detected on clinical examination, or on ultrasound done for another reason. All details were filled in predesigned Performa.Results: There was a great deal of variation in the occurrence, behaviour, and clinical presentation of ovarian tumors. In addition to physical examination, laboratory investigations such as immunological testing and serum biomarkers and imaging procedures pelvic ultrasonography), can assist to determine the kind of pathology. The diagnosis of non-neoplastic and neoplastic ovarian lesions can be confused due to similar clinical presentations. Ovarian cancers have one of the worst prognoses of any cancer since there is insufficient screening to identify the disease early.Conclusions: It is imperative to raise awareness of this malignancy among Indian women. Because of the diversity of the Indian population, it is necessary to raise awareness of this issue across all linguistic and cultural divides. Not only should early detection be emphasized, but also “how to live well” with the illness should be discussed. All of these sophisticated, more recent diagnostic methods, along with the clinical and histo-morphological factors, can aid in early diagnosis, treatment planning, and prognostic importance.
RESUMO
Background: AUB is a common problem encountered by women of reproductive age group with increased risk during perimenopausal period. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) has designed a new classification system PALM-COEIN in order to standardize the causes of AUB. Aims and Objectives were to stratify causes of AUB in women of reproductive age group in context to PALM-COEIN classification system. To establish a clinico-pathological correlation among causes of AUB taking aid of radiology wherever required.Methods: All women of reproductive age group presenting with complaints of AUB in department of gynecology from January 2018 to December 2021 were included in the study. The cause were classified based on PALM-COEIN classification both clinically and histopathologically. Radiological investigation was carried out wherever required.Results: Total 560 women of reproductive age group were registered. Majority 321 (57.32%) women were between 41-50 years of age and commonest complaint was heavy menstrual bleeding in 401 (71.60%). PALM and COEIN groups accounted for 40% and 60% respectively. Among structural causes, leiomyoma was the commonest cause 153 (27.32%) of AUB whereas among the functional causes most common was endometrial 188 (33.57%). The clinico-histopathological correlation was statistically significant in cases of AUB-P, AUB-A, AUB-O and AUB-E.Conclusions: The PALM-COEIN classification system helps to understand the causes of AUB and gives simpler terminology, diagnosis and investigations of the causes of AUB and offers better patient management. It can provide better means of quality assurance and appropriateness of treatment.