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ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis hominis infections among AIDS patients in Nanchang City. MethodsA cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among AIDS patients in Nanchang City during the period between May and September, 2016. B. hominis infection was detected in patients’stool samples using a PCR assay, and the CD4+ T cell count was measured in subjects’blood samples. In addition, the risk factors of B. hominis infection in AIDS patients were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results A survey was conducted in Nanchang City from May to September 2016. A total of 505 AIDS patients were investigated, and the prevalence of B. hominis infection was 4.16%. Univariate analysis revealed that B. hominis infection correlated with the occupation (χ2 = 8.595, P = 0.049), education level (χ2 = 14.494, P = 0.001), type of daily drinking water (χ2 = 10.750, P = 0.020), root of HIV infections (χ2 = 8.755, P = 0.026) and receiving anti-HIV therapy (χ2 = 23.083, P = 0.001) among AIDS patients, and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified daily direct drinking of tap water as a risk factor of B. hominis infections [odds ratio (OR) = 7.988, 95% confidential interval (CI): (1.160, 55.004)] and anti-HIV therapy as a protective factor of B. hominis infection [OR = 0.183, 95% CI: (0.049, 0.685)]. Conclusions The prevalence of B. hominis is 4.16% among AIDS patients in Nanchang City. Daily direct drinking of tap water is a risk factor, and anti-HIV therapy is a protective factor of B. hominis infection among AIDS patients living in Nanchang City.
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Objective To develop a bionic animal skin and evaluate its detective effect of Schistosoma japonicum cercariae so as to provide a new technique for the monitoring of the schistosome susceptibility water body.Methods A bionic animal skin was made with pigskin and the experiments were carried out for evaluating its detective effects of S.japonicum cercariae in labo-ratory and simulate fields,and at the same time,the sentinel mouse method was used as the control.Results In the laborato-ry,the cercariae were found in 10-,30-,60-cercaria subgroups in the bionic animal skin group after 1 and 2 hours,but the cer-cariae were found only in the 60-cercaria subgroup in the sentinel mouse group.In the simulate fields,in the water body with 5 schistosome-infected Oncomelania hupensis snails,the cercariae were found in 2 bionic animal skin devices(2/4)and 3 bionic animal skin devices(3/4)after 2 hours and 4 hours respectively,and in the water body with 10 schistosome-infected O.hupensis snails,the cercariae were found in 4 bionic animal skin devices(4/4)and 3 bionic animal skin devices(3/4)after 2 hours and 4 hours respectively in the bionic animal skin group.In the the sentinel mouse group,in the above-mentioned water bodies(with 5 or 10 schistosome-infected O.hupensis snails),the cercariae were found in 2 sentinel mice(2/4)and 1 sentinel mice(1/4)af-ter 2 hours and 4 hours respectively;and the cercariae were found in 2 sentinel mice(2/4)and 3 sentinel mice(3/4)after 2 hours and 4 hours respectively.Conclusion The bionic animal skin device can be used to detect the S.japonicum cercariae, and its sensibility and efficiency are superior to the traditional sentinel mouse method.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study an intervention model of "schools without infected students with schistosoma japonica", to control and prevent students from schistosoma infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve primary schools of four heavy endemic counties (districts) with schistosomiasis in the Poyang Lake areas were selected as the study fields, of which, ten schools were the experimental groups, and the other two schools were the control groups by cluster random sampling. All enrolment students were the target population. The baseline survey was carried out in 2005, and an intervention model, "information dissemination + behavior participation + behavior encouragement", was applied in the experiment groups in 2006 - 2008, then the effect of intervention was assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before intervention (2005), the anti-schistosomiasis knowledge awareness rate of experimental and control groups were 14.75% (324/2196) and 16.58% (91/549), and the different was not significant (χ(2) = 1.14, P > 0.05); the rate of accurate attitude of anti-schistosomiasis were 14.71% (323/2196) and 11.84% (65/549) in experimental and control groups, and the difference was not significant (χ(2) = 2.98, P > 0.05); the rate of contacting infected water were 15.44% (18 988/122 976) and 15.03% (4622/30 744) in experimental and control group and the difference was not significant (χ(2) = 3.13, P > 0.05); and the infection rate of schistosomiasis of experiment control groups were 9.65% (212/2196) and 10.56% (58/549), the difference was not significant (χ(2) = 0.41, P > 0.05). After one year intervention (2006), the anti-schistosomiasis knowledge awareness rate of experimental and control groups were 97.79% (2032/2078) and 18.11% (98/541), and the different was significant (χ(2) = 1794.31, P < 0.01); the rate of accurate attitude of anti-schistosomiasis were 99.09% (2059/2078) and 13.49% (73/541) in experimental and control group, and the difference was significant (χ(2) = 2077.45, P < 0.01). After 1 - 3 years intervention (2006 - 2008), there were no any contactors with infected water and infectors with schistosome in students of the experiment group in successive 3 years. While in the control group of the same period, the rate contacting infected water were 16.12% (4884/30 296), 11.11% (3079/27 720) and 12.25% (3451/28 168); the infection rate of schistosomiasis were 8.87% (48/541), 7.47% (37/495) and 7.95% (40/503), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The intervention model of health promotion, "information dissemination + behavior participation + behavior encouragement", can effectively control and prevent students from infecting schistosoma japonica in heavy endemic areas with schistosomiasis.</p>