In situ activity analysis of two-step labeling probiotics with double fluorescent probes in intestinal tract / 药学学报

Effective supplementation of probiotics can be beneficial to intestinal health, but in situ analysis of probiotics activity has rarely been reported. In this study, by coupling fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate (FITC) and 5(6)-carboxytetramethylrhodamine N-succinimidyl ester (5(6)-TAMRA-SE) with D-lysine, two fluorescent D-amino acids (FDAAs) probes were obtained: green probe (fluorescein-D-lysine, FDL) and red probe (TAMRA-D-lysine, TDL). Then, we tried to label the three kinds of probiotics, Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA), Lactobacillus casei (LC) and Veillonella atypica (VA) in vitro. FDAAs was applied to the labeling of intestinal flora in mice, and a method was established to investigate the oral survival rate of three commonly used probiotics. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. The results show that the two synthetic FDAAs can be non-toxic and 100% for the in vitro labeling of the three probiotics. Known by FDAAs two-step labeling of oral probiotics, the high survival rate of LA was 92.30% ± 1.67%. The survival rates of VA and LC are similar, 84.13% ± 4.06% and 82.27% ± 2.43%, respectively. This study can quickly compare the changes of colonization survival rate of different probiotics in vivo, provide theoretical support for the in situ colonization activity of probiotics in the intestine, and guide the rational drug use of clinical probiotics.

Numerical simulation on meniscus tears of the knee joint based on ANSYS / 医用生物力学

Objective To study the distribution of stress, strain and effective surface pressure in the knee joint. Methods Based on CT/MR scan image data and using the Mimics/ANSYS software, a three-dimensional finite element model of the knee joint (including the upper/lower knee and the meniscus) was established with the principle of reverse engineering, and the treatment of articular cartilage and ligament was ignored in this model. The mechanical responses of the three models, i.e., the healthy knee joint, the knee joint with V-shape medial meniscal tears, the knee joint with longitudinal meniscal tears under axial loading were analyzed and compared. Results Under axial loading, the healthy knee joint would transfer the majority of the compressive stress loads, which were mainly concentrated in the lateral side of the middle part of the meniscus, and the maximum contact pressure appeared in the rear area of the middle part of the meniscus. When the meniscus was torn, the maximum stress appeared at the periphery of the tear, and the contact stress distribution of the meniscus was significantly changed due to the presence of the tear. Conclusions The meniscal tears have a significant influence on the stress distribution and peak stress of the knee joint. According to the shape of the meniscus, the doctor can determine the position of the stress concentration in the meniscus, and to determine the most important point in the treatment of the meniscus tear.

An evaluation of life quality among patients with diabetes mellitus in rural areas / 预防医学

Objective To evaluate the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus in rural areas,and to analyze the main influencing factors.Methods The EQ -5D and questionnaire were used to collect information of patients with diabetes mellitus and to evaluate their quality of life.Logistic regression,multiple liner regression analyses and other statistical methods were used to analyze the related factors of life quality among rural patients with diabetes mellitus. Results A total of 416 patients with diabetes mellitus were investigated.The mean score of EQ -5D and EQ -VAS of all cases were 0.835 ±0.197 and 61.48 ±16.47 respectively,and the rates of the participants had problems at the dimensions of mobility,self -care,usual activities,pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression were 21.15%,11.54%,17.31%, 38.46% and 47.12% respectively.Logistic regressions for the five dimensions showed that complications were the common significant factors of all five dimensions,and age was related to the dimensions of mobility,usual activities,pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression.Gender and HbA1C were influencing factors of pain/discomfort dimension.Multiple liner regression analyses showed that the number of complications was the influencing factors of the valuation of EQ -5D and the score of EQ -VAS.Conclusion The quality of life among patients with diabetes mellitus in rural areas was lower than healthy people.Anxiety/depression was the most common problem,and complications were the main factor for the decrease of quality of life among diabetic patients.

Three-dimensional finite element numerical analysis of the Ni Ti shape memory alloy clutching internal fixator / 医用生物力学

Objective Clutching internal fixtor (CIF) loose and the fixed part weakly heal up are often found in orthopedic clinic.In the present paper, biomechanics methods were used to try to explain and analyze these issues, provide a helpful suggestion for the application of CIF in clinic. Method Commercial finite element method(FEM) Program ANSYS was applied to set up the Finite Element Models of orthopedic CIF and bone tissue to analyze and evaluate the biomechanical performances of the Ni Ti shape memory alloy CIF. Results There is an interaction force between embracing force of CIF and resistant force of bone tissue during the orthopedic clinical treatment. The embracing force along two semi-circular arms of CIF is increasing from the open position and reached the maximum value at the open symmetry position where the deformation of the bone occurre. Conclusion It is the key to choose the force loading position during the practical treatment, as the concentration force is the main force when there is an interactive force between the bone and the CIF.

Three-dimensional finite element numerical analysis of the Ni Ti shape memory alloy clutching internal fixator / 医用生物力学

Objective Clutching internal fixtor(CIF)loose and the fixed part weakly heal up are often found in orthopedic clinic.In the present paper,biomechanics methods were used to try to explain and analyze these issues,providing a helpful suggestion for the application of CIF in clinic.Method Commerical finite element models(FEM)Program ANSYS was applied to set up the finite element models of orthopedic CIF and bone tissue to analyze and evaluate the biomechanical performances of the NiTi shape memory alloy CIF.Results There is an interaction force between embracing force of CIF and resistant force of bone tissue during the orthopedic clinical treatment.The embracing force along two semi-circular arms of CIF is increasing from the open position and reached the maximum value at the open symmetry position where the deformation of the bone occurred.Conclusion It is the key to choose the force loading position during the practical treatment,as the concentration force is the main force when there is an interactive force between the bone and the CIF.

Three-dimensional finite element numerical analysis of the Ni Ti shape memory alloy clutching internal fixator / 医用生物力学

Objective Clutching internal fixtor(CIF)loose and the fixed part weakly heal up are often found in orthopedic clinic.In the present paper,biomechanics methods were used to try to explain and analyze these issues,providing a helpful suggestion for the application of CIF in clinic.Method Commerical finite element models(FEM)Program ANSYS was applied to set up the finite element models of orthopedic CIF and bone tissue to analyze and evaluate the biomechanical performances of the NiTi shape memory alloy CIF.Results There is an interaction force between embracing force of CIF and resistant force of bone tissue during the orthopedic clinical treatment.The embracing force along two semi-circular arms of CIF is increasing from the open position and reached the maximum value at the open symmetry position where the deformation of the bone occurred.Conclusion It is the key to choose the force loading position during the practical treatment,as the concentration force is the main force when there is an interactive force between the bone and the CIF.

Rapid prototyping drill guide template for lumbar pedicle screw placement / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a novel method of spinal pedical stereotaxy by reverse engineering and rapid prototyping techniques, and to validate its accuracy by experimental and clinical studies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 3D reconstruction model for the desired lumbar vertebra was generated by using the Mimics 10.11 software, and the optimal screw size and orientation were determined using the reverse engineering software. Afterwards, a drill template was created by reverse engineering principle, whose surface was the antitemplate of the vertebral surface. The drill template and its corresponding vertebra were manufactured using the rapid prototyping technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The accuracy of the drill template was confirmed by drilling screw trajectory into the vertebral biomodel preoperatively. This method also showed its ability to customize the placement and size of each screw based on the unique morphology of the lumbar vertebra.The drill template fits the postural surface of the vertebra very well in the cadaver experiment. Postoperative CT scans for controlling the pedicle bore showed that the personalized template had a high precision in cadaver experiment and clinical application. No misplacement occurred by using the personalized template. During surgery, no additional computer assistance was needed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The authors have developed a novel drill template for lumbar pedicle screw placement with good applicability and high accuracy. The potential use of drill templates to place lumbar pedicle screws is promising. Our methodology appears to provide an accurate technique and trajectory for pedicle screw placement in the lumbar spine.</p>

Primary clinical result of digital template as navigation to supper cervical pedicle instrumentation / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the primary clinical result of digital template as navigation to the upper cervical pedicle instrumentation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CT scan of upper cervical vertebrae was performed. 3-D model of upper cervical vertebrae was reconstructed by software Amira 3.1 and was preserved in STL format. Then 3-D model was run in software UG Imageware 12.0, the best pedicle channel was extracted according to the reverse engineering principle. A virtual navigational template was established according to he lamina anatomic trait, and the best pedicle channel. The virtual vertebrae and navigational template were manufactured using rapid prototyping. The navigational template was sterilized and used intra operative to assist with the placement of pedicle screw. The Accuracy of screw placement was confirmed with postoperative X-ray and CT scanning.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The digital navigational template had been established and used in the 3 cases, the good trajectory of cervical pedicle had been showed by the CT scan of post operation. There were not complications of related pedicle screw insertion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>A novel method of upper cervical pedicle location using Reverse Engineering and rapid prototyping has been developed; the navigational template is found to be highly accuracy and has great expectation.</p>

Endovascular Treatment for Iliac Vein Compression Syndrome: a Comparison between the Presence and Absence of Secondary Thrombosis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of early identification and endovascular treatment of iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS), with or without deep vein thrombosis (DVT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three groups of patients, IVCS without DVT (group 1, n = 39), IVCS with fresh thrombosis (group 2, n = 52) and IVCS with non-fresh thrombosis (group 3, n = 34) were detected by Doppler ultrasonography, magnetic resonance venography, computed tomography or venography. The fresh venous thrombosis were treated by aspiration and thrombectomy, whereas the iliac vein compression per se were treated with a self-expandable stent. In cases with fresh thrombus, the inferior vena cava filter was inserted before the thrombosis suction, mechanical thrombus ablation, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, stenting or transcatheter thrombolysis. RESULTS: Stenting was performed in 111 patients (38 of 39 group 1 patients and 73 of 86 group 2 or 3 patients). The stenting was tried in one of group 1 and in three of group 2 or 3 patients only to fail. The initial patency rates were 95% (group 1), 89% (group 2) and 65% (group 3), respectively and were significantly different (p = 0.001). Further, the six month patency rates were 93% (group 1), 83% (group 2) and 50% (group 3), respectively, and were similarly significantly different (p = 0.001). Both the initial and six month patency rates in the IVCS patients (without thrombosis or with fresh thrombosis), were significantly greater than the patency rates of IVCS patients with non-fresh thrombosis. CONCLUSION: From the cases examined, the study suggests that endovascular treatment of IVCS, with or without thrombosis, is effective.

Study on the relationship between protein oxidation and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the levels of protein oxidation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to evaluate the relation between oxidative protein damage and disease activity index.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Plasma was collected from SLE patients and healthy subjects as controls. Protein-bound carbonyls, protein thiols, superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) were determined by spectrophotometry. Levels of anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) and antinuclear antibody (ANA) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>When comparing with the control subjects, SLE patients exhibited elevated levels of protein carbonyls [(0.101 +/- 0.033) nmol/mg, (0.061 +/- 0.019)nmol/mg, P < 0.01], degraded levels of protein thiols [(3.911 +/- 0.968) nmol/mg, (4.655 +/- 0.798) nmol/mg, P < 0.01] and activities of T-SOD [(67.01 +/- 12.22) U/ml, (97.35 +/- 14.11) U/ml, P < 0.01]. Levels of plasma protein thiols and activities of T-SOD were lower in SLE patients positive for anti-dsDNA antibody, compared with patients negative for anti-dsDNA antibody.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We found that the elevated levels of multiple markers of protein oxidation and degraded activities of antioxidant enzymes in plasma from SLE patients existed when comparing with the controls, and the all the levels were correlated with disease activity. Our findings suggested that protein oxidation might play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic organ damage in SLE.</p>

Expression of P-gp, GST-pi and Topo II alpha in gastric and colorectal cancers and their clinical significance / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression and clinical significance of P-gp, GST-pi and Topo II alpha in gastric and colorectal cancers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of P-gp, GST-pi and Topo II alpha in 83 cases with gastric or colorectal cancer were examined by immunohistochemistry S-P.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression rates of P-gp, GST-pi, Topo II alpha in normal tissue and gastric and colorectal cancers were 69.9%, 65.1%, 50.6% and 83.1%, 85.5%, 45.8%, respectively. The positive rates of P-gp and GST-pi in gastric and colorectal cancer were significantly higher than those in normal gastric and colorectal tissue (P < 0.05). The expression of Topo II alpha in poorly differentiated cancers was significantly higher than that in well-and moderately differentiated cancers. There was no correlation between other items and clinicopathological parameters (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>P-gp, GST-pi and Topo II alpha play important role in multidrug resistance. Their mechanisms of drug resistance were different. The detection of expression of P-gp, GST-pi and Topo II alpha has an important guiding significance in chemotherapy for gastric and colorectal cancers.</p>

Fiber-optic biosensor / 中国医疗器械杂志

Fiber-optic biosensor is now becoming a new research direction in biosensors. In recent 10 years it has got a compelling development and has been applied to medical pathogens, food toxicity, water pollution, biochemical weapons, fast detection for environmental samples, etc. In this paper its development is given out in detail.

Study of antisepsis and antiinflammatory effects of Xiaoyan tablet / 药学实践杂志

OBJECTIVE：To observe the antisepsis and anti-inflammatory action of Xiaoyan tablet.METHODS:Using physiological saline as control,the antiinflammatory effiects on the oncotic extent of the ear auricle of the mouse caused by xylene and swollen toes of rat caused by rat mucllago. and the antibiotic effects on staphylococcus aureus,beta hemolytic streptococcus,pneumococcus,bacillus influenzae were studied.RESULTS:The inflammatory effects of taking medicine group was dramatic compared with physiological saline group(P＜0.01).Its antisepsis action is equivalent to oral liquor of double coptis chinensis.CONCLUSION:The antisepsis and anti-inflammatory action of Xiaoyan tablet is better.

Antimicrobial Peptides: Antibacterial Mechanism and Therapeutic Use / 微生物学通报

Antimicrobial peptides, a cluster of small peptides secreted by the majority of creatures, have been demonstrated with activity against a wide range of microorganisms including bacteria, protozoa, yeast, fungi, viruses and even tumor cells. These peptides have some features such as broad spectrum , high effi-cacy and stability, little drug resistance. A lack of new antibiotics combined with emerging multi-drug resis-tance issues demands that new antimicrobial strategies be explored for treating these infections. It has been proposed that the antimicrobial peptides might form the foundation for a new class of clinically useful an-timicrobials. We review the advantages of these molecules in construction features and bioactivity, with the focus on the mechanism and clinical applications.

Photosynthetic Apparatus and Regulation of Photosynthesis-gene Expression in Purple Bacteria / 微生物学通报

Purple bacteria are extensively used in bacterial photosynthesis research. This review describes the structure of light-harvesting I, light-harvesting II and reaction center of photosynthetic apparatus of pur- ple bacteria and discusses the regulation mechanisms of photosynthesis (PS) gene transcription, with an emphasis laid on the transcriptional regulation of PS gene by PpsR/AppA system.