Present situation and progress of xenotransplantation at home and abroad / 器官移植

Organ shortage has become one of the major challenges hindering the development of organ transplantation. Xenotransplantation is one of the most valuable methods to resolve global organ shortage. In recent years, the development of genetic engineering technique and research and development of new immunosuppressant have provided novel theoretical basis for xenotransplantation. International scholars have successively carried out researches on xenotransplantation in genetically modified pigs to non-human primates or brain death recipients, making certain substantial progresses. However, most of the researches are still in the preclinical stage, far from clinical application. Therefore, according to the latest preclinical experimental research progress at home and abroad, the history of xenotransplantation, the development of gene modification technology, xenotransplantation rejection and immunosuppression regimens were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for subsequent research of xenotransplantation, promote clinical application of xenotransplantation and bring benefits to more patients with end-stage diseases.

Basic performance of domestic surgical robot and the safety and effectiveness of integrated energy equipment / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Surgical robot system has broken the limitation of traditional surgery and shown excellent performance in surgery, and has been widely used in minimally invasive treatment in most areas of surgery. This study aims to verify the basic performance of the domestic surgical robot system and the safety and effectiveness of the integrated bipolar electrocoagulation and ultrasonic knife.@*METHODS@#The basic performance of the domestic surgical robot system was evaluated by completing the square knot and surgical knot, vertical and horizontal perforation and right ring perforation and suture, as well as picking up beans. Compared with laparoscopy, the safety and effectiveness of the domestic surgical robot after integrated interconnection bipolar electrocoagulation and ultrasonic scalpel were evaluated by detecting the vascular closure performance and the degree of histopathological damage in animals.@*RESULTS@#Compared with freehand knotting, domestic robot knotting speed and circumference were slightly worse, but better than laparoscopic knotting. There was no statistical significance in the tension difference of the surgical knots among the 3 methods (P>0.05), but the tension of the square knots made by the freehand and the domestic surgical robot was greater than that of the laparoscopy (P<0.05). The space required for both the left and right forceps heads of knots was smaller than that of laparoscopy (P<0.001), which successfully completed the 4 quadrant suture tasks, and the time of picking up beans was significantly less than that of laparoscopy (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the temperature of the liver tissue after the bipolar electrocoagulation between the interconnected domestic surgical robot and the laparoscopy (P>0.05), and the acute thermal injury was observed under the light microscope. The temperature of the liver tissue treated by the domestic robotic ultrasound knife was higher than that of the laparoscopic ultrasound knife (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Domestic surgical robots are obviously superior to laparoscopy in suturing, knotting, and moving objects, and domestic surgical robots' interconnect bipolar electrocoagulation and ultrasonic knife have achieved success in animal experiments, and hemostasis is considered to be safe and effective.

CTCs Detection and Whole-exome Sequencing Might Be Used to Differentiate Benign and Malignant Pulmonary Nodules / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Low-density computed tomography (LDCT) improved early lung cancer diagnosis but introduces an excess of false-positive pulmonary nodules data. Hence, accurate diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer remains challenging. The purpose of the study was to assess the feasibility of using circulating tumour cells (CTCs) to differentiate malignant from benign pulmonary nodules.@*METHODS@#122 patients with suspected malignant pulmonary nodules detected on chest CT in preparation for surgery were prospectively recruited. Peripheral blood samples were collected before surgery, and CTCs were identified upon isolation by size of epithelial tumour cells and morphological analysis. Laser capture microdissection, MALBAC amplification, and whole-exome sequencing were performed on 8 samples. The diagnostic efficacy of CTCs counting, and the genomic variation profile of benign and malignant CTCs samples were analysed.@*RESULTS@#Using 2.5 cells/5 mL as the cut-off value, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was of 0.651 (95% confidence interval: 0.538-0.764), with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.526 and 0.800, respectively, and positive and negative predictive values of 91.1% and 30.3%, respectively. Distinct sequence variations differences in DNA damage repair-related and driver genes were observed in benign and malignant samples. TP53 mutations were identified in CTCs of four malignant cases; in particular, g.7578115T>C, g.7578645C>T, and g.7579472G>C were exclusively detected in all four malignant samples.@*CONCLUSIONS@#CTCs play an ancillary role in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules. TP53 mutations in CTCs might be used to identify benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.

Comparison of clinical efficacy between postoperative simultaneous and sequential integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy for high-grade glioma / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To compare the efficacy and side effects between simultaneous and sequential integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy after operation for high-grade glioma.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 142 patients with high-grade glioma who underwent postoperative radiotherapy from January 2010 to December 2017. All patients were divided into the simultaneous and sequential integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy groups. Concurrent temozolomide chemotherapy was delivered during radiotherapy in two groups. The follow-up outcomes were statistically compared between two groups.Results:For the whole group, the median overall survival (OS) was 24 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 17 months, and the median disease-free survival (DFS) was 25 months. In the simultaneous and sequential integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy groups, the median OS were 27.2 and 21.0 months ( P=0.950), the median PFS were 21.2 and 15.0 months ( P=0.21), and the median DFS were 28.0 and 18.0 months ( P=0.171), and the disease control rates were 92.86% and 85.17%( P=0.541), respectively. There was no statistical difference in OS, PFS, DFS, short-term efficacy and side effects between two groups. However, the conformity index in the simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy group was better than that in the sequential integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy group ( P=0.032). Conclusions:Postoperative simultaneous and sequential integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy yield no statistical differences in the survival, short-term efficacy and side effects in the treatment of high-grade glioma. However, the conformity index in the simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy group is significantly better, which can be recommended for postoperative radiotherapy of high-grade glioma.

Effect and possible mechanism of Salvianolic acid B on radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of Salvianolic acid B on the radiosensitivity of human non-small cell lung cancer cells and investigate its possible mechanism.Methods:Non-small cell lung cancer cells A549 and H1299 were cultured in vitro. The toxicity of Salvianolic acid B on non-small cell lung cancer cells was detected by MTT assay. The effect of Salvianolic acid B on the radiosensitivity was assessed by clone formation assay. Transwell chamber assay was used to evaluate the effect of Salvianolic acid B on the migration of tumor cells. Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of OTUD7B, MMP-2, MMP-9, E-cadherin, Akt and p-Akt regulated by Salvianolic acid B. Results:Salvianolic acid B (5 μmol/L) could inhibit the proliferation of A549 and H1299 cells. Clone formation assay showed that Salvianolic acid B increased the radiosensitivity of A549 and H1299 cells, with a radiosensitization ratio of 1.45 and 1.38, respectively. Transwell chamber assay indicated that the ability of cell migration was significantly inhibited by Salvianolic acid B ( P<0.05). Western blot revealed that the expression levels of OTUD7B in A549 and H1299 cells were induced by irradiation in a time-dependent manner. Salvianolic acid B could down-regulate the expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and p-Akt, whereas up-regulate the expression level of E-cadherin by down-regulating the expression level of OTUD7B. Conclusions:Salvianolic acid B can enhance the radiosensitivity of A549 and H1299 cells. The possible mechanism is that Salvianolic acid B down-regulates the expression level of OTUD7B induced by irradiation and inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process of tumor cells.

Effects of Plaque Eccentricity on Biodegradable Polylactic Acid Stent Implantantion in Stenotic Vessels / 医用生物力学

Objective To study the effect of plaque eccentricity on stent performance and stress distributions of artery and plaque during stent implantation in stenotic vessels. Methods The stent and idealized stenotic vessels were constructed, and 4 different eccentricities (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%) were attributed to the plaque. Then the stent recoil, stent foreshortening, and stress distributions of artery and plaque when the stent was expanded to the target displacement were analyzed by the finite element method. Results Along with the increase of plaque eccentricity, both stent recoil and stent foreshortening gradually grew. At the same time, the stress of artery and plaque also showed an increasing tread, and high-stress areas gradually approached the narrow side. The maximum von Mises stress of the plaque was much greater than that of the artery. Conclusions Plaque eccentricity had a certain effect on performance of the stent and stress distributions of stenotic vessels. In stent design, the geometry of the plaque should be considered to improve clinical effect of the stent in interventional treatment.

Effects of bariatric metabolic surgery on body composition / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To explore the effects of bariatric metabolic surgery on body composition.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 66 patients with metabolic diseases who were admitted to the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2013 to December 2014 were collected. There were 42 males and 24 females, aged (40±11)years, with a range from 17 to 63 years. Of the 66 patients, 27 undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and 39 undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) were allocated into LSG group and LRYGB group, respectively. The body composition of all patients was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at preoperation and postoperative 6 months. Observation indicators: (1) the changes of anthropometric parameters, glucolipid metabolism, body fat mass percentage (BF%) and the ratio of Android BF% and Gynoid BF% (A/G ratio) from preoperation to postoperative 6 months; (2) the changes of whole and local body composition from preoperation to postoperative 6 months; (3) analysis of the correlation between BF% and anthropometric parameters, glucolipid metabolism. (4) Follow-up. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient or hospitalization examination to detect the changes of body composition at the time of postoperative 6 month. The follow-up time was up to July 2015. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, paired-samples t test was used for intra-group comparison, and independent-samples t test when baseline data were consistency or covariance analysis when baseline data were not consistency was used for inter-group comparison. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M ( P25, P75), and comparison between groups was analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test. The correlation test was undertaken with the Pearson bivariate analysis. Results:(1) The changes of anthropometric parameters, glucolipid metabolism, BF% and A/G ratio from preoperation to postoperative 6 months: for patients in the LSG group, the body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), whole BF%, arms BF%, legs BF%, trunk BF%, Android BF%, Gynoid BF% and A/G ratio at preoperation and postoperative 6 months were (102±17)kg, (37±5)kg/m 2, (118±14)cm, 1.01±0.06, (94±14)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (137±15)mmHg, (8.1±4.2)mmol/L, 7.3%±2.4%, (1.11±0.26)mmol/L, 2.14 mmol/L(1.73 mmol/L, 2.59 mmol/L), 40%±6%, 46%±10%, 36%±8%, 42%±6%, 45%±6%, 37%±7%, 1.23±0.18 and (82±15)kg, (29±4)kg/m 2, (101±13)cm, 0.95±0.08, (76±10)mmHg, (118±16)mmHg, (7.2±1.2)mmol/L, 5.4%±0.8%, (1.26±0.32)mmol/L, 1.21 mmol/L(0.88 mmol/L, 1.55 mmol/L), 36%±8%, 41%±9%, 34%±10%, 38%±8%, 41%±8%, 35%±10%, 1.20±0.17, respectively. There was no significant difference in the intra-group comparison of the Gynoid BF% and A/G ratio ( t=1.903, 1.730, P>0.05) and there were significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the rest of above indicators ( t=12.748, 13.283, 9.013, 3.804, 6.031, 6.226, 2.393, 4.287, -2.900, 3.193, 2.932, 5.198, 2.167, 3.357, 3.116, P<0.05). For patients in the LRYGB group, the body mass, BMI, WC, WHR, DBP, SBP, FPG, HbA1c, HDL-C, TG, whole BF%, arms BF%, legs BF%, trunk BF%, Android BF%, Gynoid BF% and A/G ratio at preoperation and postoperative 6 months were (80±12)kg, (28±4)kg/m 2, (98±9)cm, 0.96±0.05, (85±10)mmHg, (134±17)mmHg, (8.6±2.8)mmol/L, 8.3%±1.7%, (1.13±0.26)mmol/L, 2.06 mmol/L(1.15 mmol/L, 3.30 mmol/L), 30%±8%, 29%±11%, 23%±9%, 37%±7%, 40%±7%, 29%±8%, 1.42±0.26 and (69±9)kg, (24±3)kg/m 2, (91±8)cm, 0.93±0.05, (80±9)mmHg, (129±18)mmHg, (7.4±1.8)mmol/L, 7.0%±1.5%, (1.18±0.29)mmol/L, 1.29 mmol/L(0.85 mmol/L, 2.02 mmol/L), 25%±8%, 23%±12%, 20%±9%, 29%±9%, 32%±10%, 25%±9%, 1.29±0.25, respectively. There was no significant difference in the intra-group comparison of the SBP and HDL-C ( t=1.733, -1.073, P>0.05) and there were significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the rest of above indicators ( t=10.525, 10.200, 7.129, 2.887, 2.805, 2.517, 3.699, 2.608, 7.997, 8.018, 6.029, 8.342, 8.069, 5.813, 6.391, P<0.05). There were significant differences in DBP, SBP, HbA1c, trunk BF%, Android BF% and A/G ratio at postoperative 6 months between LSG group and LRYGB group ( F=6.408, t=2.641, F=20.673, 5.140, 5.735, 4.714, P<0.05). (2) The changes of whole and local body composition from preoperation to postoperative 6 months: for patients in the LSG group, the whole fat mass, muscle mass, fat-free mass at preoperation and postoperative 6 months were (38.74±9.68)kg, (57.71±11.62)kg, (60.14±11.95)kg and (26.64±8.29)kg, (48.65±13.80)kg, (51.00±14.27)kg, respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=5.256, 5.413, 5.315, P<0.05); the arms fat mass, muscle mass, fat-free mass were (5.19±1.67)kg, (5.78±1.58)kg, (6.10±1.64)kg and (3.73±1.19)kg, (5.10±1.53)kg, (5.43±1.57)kg, respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=7.564, 5.405, 5.363, P<0.05); the legs muscle mass and fat-free mass were (19.05±4.19)kg, (19.93±4.35)kg and (15.93±4.71)kg, (16.81±4.87)kg, respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=5.623, 5.568, P<0.05); the trunk fat mass and fat-free mass were (21.93±4.90)kg, (29.7±5.94)kg and (14.69±4.79)kg, (24.78±7.02)kg respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=8.903, 5.421, P<0.05); the Android fat mass and fat-free mass were (4.16±1.19)kg, (5.01±1.12)kg and (2.57±0.90)kg, (3.83±1.20)kg respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=8.288, 7.637, P<0.05); the Gynoid fat mass and fat-free mass were (5.51±1.42)kg, (9.27±1.86)kg and (3.85±1.16)kg, (7.65±2.31)kg, respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=7.461, 5.672, P<0.05); the skeletal muscle index were (8.86±1.38)kg/m 2 and (7.49±1.71)kg/m 2, respectively, showing a significant differences in the intra-group comparison ( t=5.724, P<0.05). For patients in the LRYGB group, the whole fat mass, muscle mass, bone mineral content, fat-free mass at preoperation and postoperative 6 months were (23.58±7.80)kg, (51.76±8.35)kg, (2.55±0.48)kg, (54.31±8.63)kg and (16.88±6.86)kg, (49.41±7.70)kg, (2.47±0.50)kg, (51.88±8.05)kg, respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=9.001, 3.974, 4.354, 4.075, P<0.05); the arms fat mass were (2.72±2.37)kg and (1.73±1.02)kg, respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=3.470, P<0.05); the legs fat mass, muscle mass, fat-free mass were (5.21±2.46)kg, (16.68±3.50)kg, (17.60±3.66)kg and (4.01±2.12)kg, (15.63±2.90)kg, (16.54±3.05)kg, respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=6.592, 3.372, 3.319, P<0.05); the trunk fat mass were (14.87±4.11)kg and (10.38±4.00)kg, respectively, showing a significant difference in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=8.431, P<0.05); the Android fat mass and fat-free mass were (2.61±0.86)kg, (3.96±0.87)kg and (1.81±0.79)kg, (3.78±0.67)kg respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=8.032, 2.153, P<0.05); the Gynoid fat mass and fat-free mass were (3.14±1.17)kg, (7.89±1.58)kg and (2.44±0.96)kg, (7.43±1.26)kg, respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison of the above indicators ( t=6.112, 3.207, P<0.05); the skeletal muscle index were (8.04±1.22)kg/m 2 and (7.43±1.13)kg/m 2, respectively, showing significant differences in the intra-group comparison ( t=4.953, P<0.05). There were significant differences in whole muscle mass, whole fat-free mass, arms fat mass, legs muscle mass, legs fat-free mass, trunk fat-free mass, Android fat-free mass, Gynoid fat-free mass and skeletal muscle index at postoperative 6 months between LSG group and LRYGB group ( F=13.846, 13.614, 23.696, 7.100, 7.127, 15.243, 16.921, 8.625, 5.497, P<0.05). (3) Analysis of the correlation between BF% and anthropometric parameters, glucolipid metabolism: the whole BF% of 66 patients was positively correlated with body mass, BMI, WC and WHR ( r=0.405, 0.663, 0.625, 0.331, P<0.05); the arms BF% was positively correlated with body mass, BMI, WC and WHR ( r=0.432, 0.682, 0.639, 0.309, P<0.05); the legs BF% was positively correlated with body mass, BMI and WC ( r=0.366, 0.646, 0.564, P<0.05); the trunk BF% was positively correlated with body mass, BMI, WC and WHR ( r=0.332, 0.560, 0.554, 0.335, P<0.05); the Android BF% was positively correlated with body mass, BMI, WC and WHR ( r=0.327, 0.537, 0.543, 0.336, P<0.05); the Gynoid BF% was positively correlated with BMI and WC ( r=0.561, 0.488, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with FPG ( r=-0.491, P<0.05); the A/G ratio was negatively correlated with BMI ( r=-0.334, P<0.05), and positively correlated with FPG ( r=0.506, P<0.05); the skeletal muscle index was positively correlated with body mass, BMI, WC and WHR ( r=0.757, 0.641, 0.609, 0.519, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.369, P<0.05). (4) Follow-up: 66 patients were followed up at the time of postoperative 6 month. Conclusions:Both LSG and LRYGB significantly change body composition. LRYGB is superior to LSG in reducing trunk BF% and Android BF%. The effects of the two surgical methods on fat mass and bone mineral content are similar. LSG lead to a more significant decrease in whole muscle mass, and LRYGB lead to a more significant decrease in legs muscle mass and skeletal muscle index.

Prevalence of depression and its influencing factors among middle school students in Liaoning Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of depression of middle school students in Liaoning Province in 2019 and analyze its influencing factors, to provide corresponding strategies and measures for depression prevention and control.@*Methods@#By using the method of multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling, the 32 909 students of grade 1-3 of junior middle school, senior high school and vocational high school were selected from 14 cities in Liaoning province, and were investigated with Center for Epidermiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) psychological scale.@*Results@#The depression score of middle school students in Liaoning Province was (12.66±9.53), and the incidence of depression was 19.5%. Analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis showed that the main factors influencing the occurrence of depression were grade, bullying on campus, internet addiction, being beaten and scolded by parents, drinking, gender, Leave of absence from school, smoking, serious injury and economic classification (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Depression of middle school students in Liaoning Province is not optimistic. Effective prevention and control measures should be developed and implemented to the occurrence of adverse factors, so as to reduce the occurrence of depression symptoms.

Expression and Clinical Significance of Cancer-derived Immunoglobulin G in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer by Bioinformatics and Immunohistochemistry / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#It was believed that immunoglobulin G (IgG) was synthesized only by B cells. However, in recent years, researchers have found that a variety of cancer cells can also synthesize IgG (cancer-IgG) which promote the development of tumors. This study analyzed the expression and clinical significance of cancer-IgG in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and initially explored its mechanism.@*METHODS@#The expression of IgG1 heavy chain gamma 1 (IGHG1) and cancer-IgG were detected by bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry in NSCLC; The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) method was used to explore the signaling pathways involved in IGHG1 regulation.@*RESULTS@#The expression level of cancer-IgG in NSCLC was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. The high expression group had a poor prognosis and was associated with clinical stage (P=0.042), T stage (P=0.044) and metastasis (P=0.007). GSEA analysis showed that IGHG1 was associated with cell adhesion, cytokine interaction and chemokine signaling pathway.@*CONCLUSIONS@#High expression of cancer-IgG in NSCLC is a poor prognosis factor, which may be related to the promotion of tumor invasion and metastasis.

Changes in the Scleral Collagen and Elastic Modulus in Experimental High Myopia / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate changes in the collagen expression and elastic modulus in scleral tissues of experimental high myopia, so as to further explain the mechanism of high myopia. Methods Twenty one-month-old New Zealand white rabbits were monocularly treated by eyelid suturation randomly to build an experimental high myopia eye model. Eyes without such operation were set as the normal control. After 60 days, the experimental high myopia eye models were successfully established by measuring the eye axis. The eyeballs were obtained to assess three regions of the sclera (anterior, equatorial, and posterior area). The three regions of the scleral tissues were separately divided into four groups. The first group was made into scleral strips for elastic modulus measurement using an Instron5544. The second group was hematoxylin-and-eosin stained for observation of the scleral structures. The third group was used for electron microscopy to observe the size distribution of collagen fibrils. The last group was homogenized, and the concentration of hydroxyproline was measured to determine the collagen content. Results The elastic modulus, collagen content, and diameters of the collagen fibrils of each scleral region increased with age. The posterior sclera of high myopia had looser collagen fibril arrangement, less hydroxyproline concentration, and lower elastic modulus than the normal eyes. However, there was no significant difference as for the anterior and equatorial sclera. Conclusions The remodeled posterior sclera of high myopia has a looser collagen fibril arrangement, less collagen, and lower elastic modulus, which easily causes expansion and deformation and thus lead to high myopia. The research findings provide the theoretical guidance for high myopia prevention by targeting the collagen during early development.

Analgesic efficacy of ultrasound?guided adductor canal blockade after minor arthroscopic knee surgery / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound?guided adductor canal blockade (ACB)after minor arthroscopic knee surgery. Methods Sixty patients undergone minor arthroscopic knee surgery were randomly divided into group ACB(n=20)and group Control(n=20). All patients received spinal anesthesia. The patients in group ACB received ultrasound?gGuided ACB with 20 ml 0.5% ropivacaine,and patients in group Control received 20 ml saline after the surgery. In addition ,all patients have a basic analgesic regimen with etoricoxib. Visual analogue scales(VAS) during rest and passive movement ,additional analgesic dose and side effects were recorded at 4,8,12,24 h Post?operation. At 24 h post?operation,the numbers of patients who can walk for 5 meters were recorded. Results VAS during rest and movement at 4 h,8 h and 12 h post?operation in group ACB were significantly lower than those in group Control. And all patients could walk 5m at 24 h post?operation. No headache,nausea and vomiting,urinary retention and other adverse reactions were observed in group ACB. There were four patients who received additional analgesic and one patient vomitted. Conclusions Significant analgesic effect of the ACB could be detected after minor arthroscopic knee surgery ,with less reduction in requirements for supplemental opioids.

Effect of compound Minwei syrup on serum IL-4 and IFN-γ in children with acute urticaria and eczema / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To analyze the effect of compound Minwei on serum interleukin-4(IL-4),interferon-γ(IFN-γ)value in children with acute urticaria.Methods in our hospital from March 2015 to October 2016 received 148 cases of children with acute urticaria eczema,were randomly divided into study group and control group,74 cases in each group,study the application of compound chlorphenamine maleate and vitamin syrup for treatment,the control group were applied paeonol ointment treatment,curative effect,evaluation of children with symptoms before and after treatment respectively,and detection serum IL-4 and IFN-levels.Results before treatment,the two groups had no statistical significance with symptom score,serum IL-4,IFN-levels difference(P>0.05);after treatment,the clinical efficacy of the study group,serum IFN-γ levels higher than the control group,the serum level of IL-4 score,symptoms than the control group,the difference has statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion acute eczema urticaria children with compound Minwei syrup treatment,can significantly relieve the symptoms of children,improve the body immunity,promote children rehabilitation,has good treatment effect.

Interaction between functional nano-hydroxyapatite and cells and the underlying mechanisms / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the interaction between arginine functionalized hydroxyapatite (HAP/Arg) nanoparticles and endothelial cells, and to investigate mechanisms for endocytosis kinetics and endocytosis.
@*METHODS@#Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were selected as the research model.Cellular uptake of HAP/Arg nanoparticles were observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy.Average fluorescence intensity of cells after ingestion with different concentrations of HAP/Arg nanoparticles were determined by flow cytometer and atomic force microscopy.
@*RESULTS@#The HAP/Arg nanoparticles with doped terbium existed in cytoplasm, and most of them distributed around the nucleus area after cellular uptake by HUVECs. Cellular uptake process of HAP/Arg nanoparticles in HUVECs was in a time and concentration dependent manner. 4 h and 50 mg/L was the best condition for uptake. HAP/Arg nanoparticles were easier to be up-taken into the cells than HAP nanoparticles without arginine functionalized.
@*CONCLUSION@#HAP/Arg nanoparticles are internalized by HUVECs cells through an active transport and energy-dependent endocytosis process, and it is up-taken by cells mainly through caveolin-mediated endocytosis, but the clathrin-dependent endocytic pathway is also involved..

Additive Manufacturing and Its Medical Applications / 生物医学工程学杂志

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a collection of technologies based on the layer-by-layer manufacturing. Characterized by its direct manufacturing and rapidity, it has been regarded by the Economist Journal as one of the key techniques which will trigger the third industry reformation. The present article, beginning with a brief introduction of the history of AM and the process of its major technologies, focuses on the advantages and disadvantages and medical applications of the technique.

Present Status of Reliability Research on the Effects of Medical Instrument at the Instrument-tissue Interface / 生物医学工程学杂志

The interaction between medical instrument and target tissue during the surgery occurs in instrument-tissue interface. The reliability research on the interface is directly related to the safety and effectiveness of medical instrument in the clinical application. This paper illustrates the necessity of reliability research on instrument-tissue interface. Two main contents are synthetically reviewed the present paper: (1) reliability research on medical instruments; (2) biological tissue properties and its mechanical response.

Effect of compound Minwei syrup on serum IL-4 and IFN-γ in patients with chronic urticaria / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the effect of compound Minwei syrup on serum interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ(IFN-γ) in patients with chronic urticaria.Methods 189 patients with chronic urticaria were enrolled as the observation group,60 cases of non-allergic diseases were selected as the control group.The observation group was treated by compound Minwei syrup for average 7 days.Serum levels of IL-4 and IFN-γbefore and after treatment were detected.Results After treatment,in the observation group 123 cases recovered,34 cases had marked effect,effective in 23 cases,9 cases without effect,the total effective rate was 95.2％.Serum IL-4 in the observation group before treament was significantly higher than the control group(t =3.729,P ＜ 0.01),IFN-γwas significantly lower than the control group(t =3.064,P ＜ 0.01).After treatment,serum IL-4 in the observation group was significantly lower than before treatment (t =2.778,P ＜ 0.05),1FN-γwas significantly higher than the control group (t =2.467,P ＜ 0.05).Mild drowsiness and sleepiness appeared in 2 patients in the observation group,symptoms disappeared after drug withdrawal.Conclusion Minwei syrup can significantly improve IL-4 and IFN-γ balance in patients with chronic urticaria.

Establishment and evaluation of model for adult rats with vitamin D deficient / 重庆医学

Objective To establish and evaluate animal model of adult rats with vitamin D deficient and assess the association of vitamin D deficiency and hypertension .Methods Adult SD rats were divided into 3 groups :normal controls group(feed with ordina-ry forage) ,vitamin D deficient groups(feed without vitamin D)and vitamin D control group(feed with vitamin D) ,which were fed with different diets under 12 h:12 h without ultraviolet light bulb(UV-B) .After treatment for 6 weeks ,Retinal blood was collect-ed ,and Serum vitamin D levels was tested by EIA every 2 weeks .Results After treatment for 10 weeks ,Serum level of vitamin D in vitamin D deficient group were reduced to 2 .07 nmol/L ,while vitamin D group and normal control group were measured as 56 .74 nmol/L and 57 .61 nmol/L ,there was no statistically significant difference between vitamin D group and normal control group (P>0 .05) .hypertension of vitamin D deficient group was significantly higher than other two groups .Conclusion It is feasible to estab-lish model of adult rats with vitamin D by UV-B free light and diets control ,hypertension of rats vitamin D deficiency has a signifi-cant rise compared with the control group .

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide in Type 2 diabetes after gastric bypass surgery / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), the incretins, is synthesized and released from the duodenum and proximal jejunum. Continual high-fat diet powerfully stimulated GIP secretion, leading to obesity and harmful lipid deposition in islet cells and peripheral tissues, and giving rise to insulin resistance and major disturbances in the secretion of insulin. We can improve Type 2 diabetes by compromising GIP action. The exclusion of proximal small intestine and reduction of GIP secretion may be the important reasons for Type 2 diabetes after gastric bypass surgery.

Study on implant material of carbon/carbon composites / 生物医学工程学杂志

This study was aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility and mechanical property of carbon/carbon composites. At first, carbon/carbon composites were prepared by chemical vapor deposition, and the mechanical property of carbon/carbon composites was tested. The biocompatibility of carbon/carbon composites was evaluated by cytotoxicity test, sensitization test, micronucleus test and implantation test. Mechanical property test showed such carbon/carbon composites are of good compression property and tension property. Cytotoxicity test showed that the leaching liquor of samples has no effect on the growth and proliferation of L-929 cells. The medullary micronucleus frequency of mouse was 2.3 per thousand +/- 0.7 per thousand in experiment group. The sensitization test showed that the skin of the subjects of experiment group had slight erythema and edema, which was 0.188 +/- 0.40 according to Magnusson and Kligman classification. Implantation test revealed that there was slight inflammation around the tissue after the implantation of sample. At 12 weeks, scanning electron microscopy and histopathological exam indicated that the samples of experiment group were of good histocompatibility; and in comparison with control group, there was no significant differences (P > 0.05). So these kinds of samples have good biocompatibility, mechanical property and prospects of clinical application.

Study on biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite/high density polyethylene (HA/HDPE) nano-composites artificial ossicle / 生物医学工程学杂志

This study was aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility of Hydroxyapatite/High density polyethylene (HA/ HDPE) nano-composites artificial ossicle. The percentage of S-period cells were detected by flow cytometry after L929 cells being incubated with extraction of the HA/HDPE nano-composites; the titanium materials for clinical application served as the contrast. In addition, both materials were implanted in animals and the histopathological evaluations were conducted. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P >0.05). The results demonstrated that the HA/HDPE nano-composite artificial ossicle made by our laboratory is of a good biocompatibility and clinical application outlook.