Patterns of skin diseases among outpatients attending Hospital of Dermatology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in 2019 / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To clarify patterns of skin diseases among outpatients at first and return visits to Hospital of Dermatology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in 2019.Methods:Data were collected from the outpatient electronic medical record information system in Hospital of Dermatology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 1st to December 31st, 2019, and patterns of skin diseases among outpatients at first and return visits were analyzed retrospectively.Results:The total number of outpatient consultations was 1 440 580 in 2019, including 941 755 (65.37%) first visits and 498 825 (34.63%) return visits, and the daily average number of outpatient consultations was 4 332. The top 10 most prevalent skin diseases were eczema, acne, urticaria, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, vitiligo, neurodermatitis, pigmented nevus, tinea pedis and onychomycosis among outpatients at the first visits, with the number of outpatient visits being 739 175 and accounting for 78.49% of the total first visits; the top 10 most prevalent skin diseases among outpatients at the return visits were eczema, acne, psoriasis, urticaria, vitiligo, seborrheic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, pigmented nevus, keloid and rosacea, with the number of outpatient visits being 399 594 and accounting for 80.11% of the total return visits.Conclusion:In 2019, skin diseases predominated by common diseases, such as eczema and acne, among outpatients at Hospital of Dermatology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

Questionnaire survey of patients undergoing breast augmentation in China / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To understand the psychology of patients undergoing breast augmentation, and to provide reference for preoperative communication between clinicians and patients.Methods:From September 2016 to September 2017, the Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital formulated a 37-question questionnaire based on BREAST-Q and Chinese national conditions, and investigated patients who planned to undergo breast augmentation in 34 hospitals.Results:A total of 2066 valid questionnaires were collected. Fifty-four percent of women were dissatisfied with their nude appearance, which was more dissatisfied compared with their appearance when dressed. Surgical safety (20.1%), surgical effect (16.8%), surgical method and incision selection (16.5%), breast implant material (14.5%) and doctor′s skill (11.6%) were the five most important factors for considering breast augmentation. Only 26.6% of the respondents were supported by their family members or partners when they made the decision to have breast augmentation. Most women had limited knowledge of breast augmentation, with only 24.9 percent of respondents having a thorough understanding of the procedure.Conclusions:Women undergoing breast augmentation have an urgent need to improve their appearance, and their decision-making process is affected by many factors, among which surgical safety is the most worrying factor for patients. This group of people have limited knowledge about surgery, and the popularization of breast augmentation by plastic surgeons remains to be strengthened.

Clinical analysis of 17 cases of acne inversa / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of acne inversa.Methods Seventeen outpatients with acne inversa were collected in the Institute of Dermatology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College from January l,2012 to December 31,2012.The general condition,clinical feature and treatment of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results All the patients were male with the age at onset being about 20 years and disease duration varying from 2 to 50 years.Characteristic clinical manifestations were recurrent tender inflammatory papules,nodules,abscesses,fistulae and sinus tracts in the neck,axillary fossa,groin,perineum and buttocks.Among these patients,10 had a family history and seven were sporadic with mild symptoms.Oral tretinoin combined with antibiotics were the main treatment,and surgical treatment was usually used for severe patients.Conclusions Acne inversa is mainly manifested as abscess,sinus and scars in areas bearing apocrine sweat glands,and therapeutic regimen should be selected according to the severity of lesions.

The role of PET-CT in diagnosing distant metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To explore the clinical significance of PET-CT in evaluating distant metastasis and M staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC). Methods 257 NPC patients with no prior treatment were investigated with PET-CT and conventional imaging (chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasound, and bone scan). The findings of PET-CT in diagnosing distant metastasis and M staging were compared with those of conventional imaging according to the results of biopsy and follow-up. Results PET-CT disclosed 34 of 39 patients with distant malignancy compared with 22 patients disclosed by conventional imaging. The false positive rate of PET-CT was 12.8 %. On region-based analyses, PET-CT was more effective than bone scan and chest X-ray for detecting mediastinum metastasis (x2=4.063, P =0.041) and bone metastasis (x2=5.939, P=0.015), respectively. Compared with conventional imaging, PET-CT had an impact on the M staging of 19 patients (7.4 %), of which 15 patients were truly staged and 4 patients incorrectly staged. Conclusion PET-CT is superior to MRI in evaluating distant metastasis and M staging of NPC.

Spread patterns of retropharyngeal lymph nodal metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To explore the spread patterns of retropharyngeal lymph node (RLN) metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods From July 2003 to March 2005, three hundred and three patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in initial treatment were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before treatment, meanwhile measured the minimal and maximal axial diameters, the longitudinal diameter and the central and craniocaudad locations of each positive RLN. Results A total number of 264 positive RLN were found in 177 patients. The minimal and maximal axial diameters and longitudinal diameter of positive RLN were 9.9, 12.9 and 22.4 mm, respectively. Ipsilateral metastatic RLN were noted as follows: two nodes in 21 patients, three nodes in 3 patients and four nodes in 1 patient. According to the longitudinal central location of 263 positive lateral RLN, the numbers of nodes at occipital bone, C1, C1/C2, C2, C2/C3 and C3 were 27, 166, 40, 23, 5 and 2, respectively; the mean minimal axial diameters of nodes were 6.8, 9.9, 12.5, 10.4, 9.3 and 8.0 mm, respectively. Conclusion Multiple metastatic ipsilateral RLN are not common in NPC. The rate of RLN metastasis shows the trend of decreasing from vertebral C1 to C3.The maximal diameters of RLN are in the C1/C2 intervertebral space, and reveal a decreasing frequency along the craniocaudal directions of occipital and vertebral C1.

Short-term effects of induction chemotherapy with one cycle TPF regimen in the N advanced local nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To compare the short-term effects and toxicity of one cycle of TPF regimen induction chemotherapy with that of two cycles of PF regimen induction chemotherapy in the N advanced local nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods A total of 47 patients initially treated with N advanced local NPC without distant metastasis from Jan 2007 to Dec 2008 were enrolled in this study. The TPF chemotherapy regimen was administered as follows: TAX 60 mg/m2, i.v. infusion on day 1st, cisplatin 80 mg/m2, i.v. infusion on day 1st and 5-Fu 800 mg/m2, bolus infusion in 96 hours on day lst-4th. The PF chemotherapy regimen was as follows: cisplatin 100 mg/m2, i.v. infusion on day 1 and 5-Fu 1000 mg/m2, bolus infusion in 96 hours on day lst-4th. Twenty-six patients received one cycle of TPF regimen and 21 patients received two cycles of PF regimen, with 21 days each cycle and a total of 3 courses in each group, then chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin 30 mg/m2 (weekly) was followed. Results The short-term efficacy was no significant difference between two groups, after one cycle TPF chemotherapy, the CR+PR rates of primary site and lymph nodes were 57.7 % and 69.2 %, respectively, while after two cycles PF chemotherapy in control group, those were 66.7 % and 71.4 %, respectively (P>0.05). In 3 months after treatment, the CR rates of primary site and lymph nodes in TPF group were 92.3 % and 88.7 %, respectively, while those in control group were 100.0 % and 90.5 %, respectively (P>0.05). The main adverse reactions were Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ neutropenia and alopecia in TPF group. Conclusion Short-term effects of induction chemotherapy with one cycle of TPF regimen in the N advanced local NPC is satisfied, and the main toxicity is neutropenia.

Cigarette smoking, body mass index associated with the risks of clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia in male patients from Jinzhou area / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common disease of older males. Although the etiology remains unclear, the factors of life style and habits may have an effect on the disease.OBJECTIVE:To examine the association of cigarette smoking and body mass index with the risk of clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia.DESIGN: A hospital-based case-control study SETTINGS:Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Public Health School,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Department of Preventive Medicine, Liaoning Medical College.PARTICIPANTS：Totally 343 males with benign prostatic hyperplasia of 50-82 years old (patient group),who were surgically treated between May 2004 and May 2006,were selected from the Department of Urinary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Third Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College (former Jinzhou Railway Central Hospital),Jinzhou Central Hospital and Jinzhou Second People's Hospital．Inclusive criteria：① males above 50 years old；intemational prostatic symptom score(IPSS)＞7；②Digital recta examination (DRE) after miction indicated prostate grade Ⅰ(transverse diameter＞3 cm); ③prostatic volume≥30 g;④maximum unnary flow rate＜15 mL／s；Meanwhile，361 inpatients with diseases irrelative to the risk factors of benign prostatic hyperplasia,prostatic cancer and prostatitis were selected trom the above hospitals as the control group,they were 50-82 years of age with an average of 65 years old．Informed contents were obtained from all the enrolled subjects．METHODS：All the patients and controls were interviewed using an anonymous questionnaire．All participants were asked to report whether they had smoked 20 packs of cigarettes or more in their lifetimes and,if yes,they were smokers,on the contrary they were non-smokers．Based on usual number of cigarettes reported in the questionnaire, men were categorized as 1-10，11-20，21-30 and ＞30 cigarettes per day．Based on duration of smoking,the participants were funher classified as never smoke，1-19,20-29 and ≥30 years．Body mass index(BMI)was assessed from measured body mass and body height，and che standards of BMI in adults in China was 18．5-23．9 for normal,24．0-27．9 for overweight and ≥28．0 for obesity)，then the participants were further classified as BMI＜18．4，18．5-23．9,24．0-27．9 and ≥28．0 subgroups respectively．Years of education(＜7,7-11,and≥12) and occupation(worker,peasant, Intellectual and others) were also investigated．The results of the investigation were input into computer to establish database，the odds ratios (OR) and the 95％ confidence interval(CI)in relation to the various measures were estimated using unconditional multiple logistic regression models, including number of cigarettes smoked per day，BMI,years smoked，years of education,occupation．MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：Relationships of number of cigarettes smoked per day,years smoked．BMI,years of education and occupation with benign prostatic hyperplasia．RESULTS：Totally 343 cases in the patient group and 361 cases in the control group were involved in the analysis of results．①Patients smoked≥30 cigarettes per day had an elevated risk of benign prostatic hypertrophy as compared with the non-smokers(OR=1．32，95％ CI:0．92-2．58，P＜0．01)．②The risks of benign prostatic hypertrophy in overweight and obesity were significantly increased as compared with non-smokers(OR=1.68,95％ CI: 1．32-3．67；OR=2．35，95％CI:1．83-4．16)，③Manual worker (peasant) was negatively correlated with the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia (χ2=6．62，P＜0．01)．CONCLUSION:Smoking 30 cigarettes per day was positively related to benign prostatic hyperplasia.For male who were both overweight(BMI 24.0-27.9)and obesity(BMI≥28.0)，smoking was significantly associated the increased risk of surgically treated benign prostatic hyperplasia.