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1.
Vitae (Medellín) ; 9(1): 51-57, sept. 2001-mar. 2002. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-353609

RESUMO

Durante muchos siglos la gente ha usado plantas con propiedades medicinales para el tratamiento de diversas enfermedades. Una de estas enfermedades es diabetes mellitus. Una de las plantas usadas ampliamente por la población en Puerto Rico es Costus speciosus conocida vulgarmente como insulina. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar las propiedades hipoglicemiantes que se le atribuyen al extracto de esta planta. Con estos fines se llevaron a cabo experimentos con ratas Sprague Dawley, a las cuales se les había inducido diabetes por medio de la inyección de estreptozotocina i.p. A un grupo de diez de estas ratas en ayunas (Grupo A) se le dio a tomar el extracto por 24 horas, mientras que a otro grupo testigo de diez ratas (grupo B) se le administró agua. El grupo A tuvo niveles de glucosa sanguínea significativamente inferiores a las ratas del grupo testigo. En otro experimento se incubaron células endoteliales con o sin el extracto de la planta en presencia de 2-desoxi-3H-glucosa (DG). Hubo una mayor captación de DG en las células que contenían el extracto de la planta. Esto indica que el extracto contiene algún o algunos compuestos que facilitan la entrada de glucosa a las células cuya acción es similar a la de insulina. En los ensayos de toxicidad general usando Artemia salina L., el valor CL50 18.45 :g/mL demuestra la presencia de uno o varios agentes farmacológicamente activos en el extracto. En conclusión, el extracto de Costus speciosus muestra un efecto hipoglicemiante en ratas diabéticas inducidas con estreptozotocina. Además, el extracto de esta planta estimula la captación de DG en las células endoteliales


Assuntos
Plantas Medicinais , Diabetes Mellitus , Insulina
2.
P. R. health sci. j ; 17(4): 359-64, Dec. 1998. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-234850

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to search for xanthine oxidase inhibitors in natural products obtained from plants collected in Puerto Rico and to assess the influence of these extracts in the prevention of cataractogenesis. BACKGROUND: Allopurinol is currently a xanthine oxidase inhibitor used in the treatment of gout. New alternatives with increased therapeutic activity and less side effects should be investigated. Preclusion of cataractogenesis in diabetic rats is also the focus of this investigation. Natural products in the form of plant extracts from Puerto Rico offer a rich and relatively untapped source for the discovery of new drugs that may address these kind of problems. METHODS: Nineteen collections of Myrtaceae plant extracts were screened for xanthine oxidase inhibition. A spectrophotometrical method was used employing allopurinol as positive control and a blank as negative control. A protocol of the assay with slight modifications was followed from the literature. Two extracts with the highest percentages of xanthine oxidase inhibition were evaluated for possible prevention of cataractogenesis in streptozotocin diabetic rats. The animals were given to drink these plant extracts ad libitum for three months while controls received water. The appearance of cataracts was assessed physically. RESULTS: Two of the nineteen plant extracts showed high inhibition percentages of xanthine oxidase. Eucalyptus deglupta and Syzygium malaccense displayed 51 per cent and 64 per cent inhibitions (IC50 44.5 micrograms/ml and IC50 51 micrograms/ml), respectively. As for the cataractogenesis inhibition, laboratory animals that drank E. deglupta for three months did not develop cataracts. CONCLUSIONS: Two plant extracts provided positive results with varying degrees of inhibition of xanthine oxidase. S. malaccense demonstrated the greatest xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity whereas E. deglupta presented the best finding for cataractogenesis prevention. The procedures used in this investigation are useful for the in vitro screening of xanthine oxidase inhibition and the in vivo evaluation of cataractogenesis prevention.


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Catarata/prevenção & controle , Medicina Tradicional , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Plantas Medicinais , Xantina Oxidase/antagonistas & inibidores , Alopurinol/farmacologia , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/complicações , Eucalyptus , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Porto Rico , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Espectrofotometria
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