Changes of the p57 and bcl-2 mRNA Expression in Human and Rat Prostates after Castration or 5alpha-reductase Inhibitor Administration / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: The voiding difficulty in aged people is usually caused by prostate tumor and these tumors are influenced by the androgen. The purpose of this research was to study the prostatic genetic change caused by changes of hormonal mileu and evaluate the pattern of the changes of p57 and bcl-2 mRNA in human and rat prostate at different biological condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was performed in two ways, with animal model and human prostate. As animal model, the rats were castrated surgically or chemically(5-alpha reductase inhibitor) and their prostates were collected according to the schedule. Pattern of expression changes in p57 and bcl-2 mRNA was observed. In human prostate, three normal prostates from young 30th, five benign hyperplastic prostates and five cancerous prostates were collected for evaluation of p57 mRNA expression. The evaluation of the expression of those genes was done by in situ hybridization. RESULTS: The expression of the p57 mRNA was observed at the cytoplasm in all three types of the prostate tissues. The expressions of mRNA message were increased from the post-orchiectomy three days group up to postorchiectomy two weeks. After two weeks, there were little change in expression of the p57 mRNA. Compared with normal prostate group, the expressions of p57 mRNA were reduced in BPH and prostate cancer groups without treatment. The expression of bcl-2 was increased in expression upto postorchiectomy 4th week and reduced. In BPH and prostate cancer, the expression of the bcl-2 mRNA was increased in comparison with normal prostate. CONCLUSIONS: With above experiment, the expression patterns of p57 and bcl-2 mRNAs reversed and the prostate cancer showed reduced expression. This result suggests that p57 and bcl-2 may play important roles in differentiation of BPH and prostatic cancer. The differentiation of BPH and prostate cancer by p57 and bcl-2 were impossible.

The Distribution and Concentration of Ofloxacin Contained in Sustained Releasing Microsphere after Intraprostatic Injection / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: Sporadic excellent treatment results of intra-prostatic antibiotic injections against resistant chronic prostatitis were reported without sufficient background. So, for the scientific base of this effective treatment modality, we studied the tissue distribution and concentration of the ofloxacin after intraprostatic injection of formula which is designed for sustained release ofloxacin at least for four weeks. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 28 male dogs aged over 2 and ofloxacin designed to release over four weeks were used. The ofloxacin 12mg and poly(D,L-lactic) acid 28mg were prepared for sustained releasing formula and resolved in 1ml of 1.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution. Dogs were grouped into two, 8 control and 16 experiments for open injection. For control, oral ofloxacin 100mg was given twice a day for two and four weeks and for experimental groups, the new formula were injected at right lobe of prostate directly. The ofloxacin concentration was measured by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). RESULTS: Oral ofloxacin 2,800(2 weeks) and 5,600(4 weeks) were given for control and tissue concentration of ofloxacin were relatively even at all partitions of the prostate, 7.4+/-1.4(2 weeks) and 9.2+/-1.3mg/ml(4 weeks) and the blood level were 3.6-5.1mg/ml. In experimental groups, the only 12mg of ofloxacin was given and tissue concentration were 10.5+/-3.0(1 weeks), 13.8+/-4.5(2 weeks), 7.1+/-0.9(3 weeks) and 7.7+/-3.0mg/ml(4 weeks) in rights and 8.0+/-1.1(1 weeks), 10.2+/-4.2(2 weeks), 5.1+/-1.4(3 weeks) and 7.6+/-0.8(4 weeks)mg/ml in left lobes suggesting communication of blood between two lobes, and blood concentration were 0.16-0.59mg/ml. In histologic examination, the formula were localized between stroma and their size were reduced with time. CONCLUSIONS: Authors conclude that there are free communication of blood between two lobes of prostate and one direct injection of this sustained releasing formula ofloxacin into prostate can be a substitute with local effects without disturbing prostatic tissue level which reducing number or medication in future.

What is the Appropriate Infusion Rate during Whitaker Test in Children ?

An extremely unusual case of epidermoid cyst showing diffuse parakeratosis and aggressive clinical behavior is presented. A destructive bone lesion with surrounding ill-defined soft tissue lesion was found by computed tomography in a 63 year-old man complaining of painful swelling of the right buttock. He had a history of surgical excision twice for epidermoid cysts of soft tissue of the right hip during recent one year. On aspiration cytology, the aspirate was highly cellular and mostly composed of desquamated nucleated squamous cells. Operation finding revealed that the iliac bone was irregularly destroyed and filled with gray-white cheesy material and necrotic bone debris. Adjacent gluteus muscle showed scattered gray-white lesions. The curettage specimen showed bone necrosis and desquamated squamous cells filling the marrow spaces. The lesion within muscle revealed epidermoid cyst with diffuse parakeratosis.

Primary Amyloidosis of the Urinary Bladder: A Case Report / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Primary bladder amyloidosis is a rare disease causing hematuria which is difficult to be differenciated from bladder cancer at cystoscope. We report a case of primary bladder amyloidosis who was diagnosed at other procedure for distal ureteral stone failed in repeated ESWL disintegration. Transurethral resection of bladder mass and the pathologic results revealed amyloidosis. The systemic studies for the detection of the site of other amyloidosis were failed to get positive result. There were massive hematuria after a few hours later from the transurethral resection of the bladder mass and the bleeding was controlled with 1% alum bladder irrigation. The patient is followed regularly for recurrent amyloidosis.

Vesicoureteral Reflux Secondary to a Simple Diverticulectomy: A Case Report / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A case of congenital periureteral bladder diverticulum is described. Bladder outflow obstruction and urinary tract infection were the presenting symptoms of a 2 year old boy. There were two diverticula in the bladder. The one was small (1 x 2cm) and located just above the right ureteral orifice and the other was large (8 x 10cm) and located at the left trigone. There was no hydronephrosis, and vesicoureteral reflux, neither. A simple diverticulectomy was performed. The left ureteral orifice was found at the medial side of the diverticulum's neck during operation. During follow up, bilateral high grade vesicoureteral reflux were discovered and urinary tract infections developed frequently. Eventually, ureteral reimplantation was done one year after the diverticulectomy.