RESUMO
Toxoplasma gondii has worldwide distribution in nearly one-third of the human population. It is a neurotropic protozoan parasite so a potential role of T. gondii infection for some neuropsychiatric disorders was postulated. Patients with psychiatric disorders had high toxoplasmosis seroprevalence. Limited information about toxoplasmosis seroprevalence in psychiatric patients was known in southern area of Saudi Arabia. The current cross sectional case control study aims at determination of the prevalence of T. gondii IgG and IgM in neuropsychiatric patients in Jazan Province. A total of 162 neuropsychiatric patients from Al-Amal hospital for psychiatric health and 162 subjects without neuropsychiatric manifestations from Jazan General Hospital, Jazan City, KSA. were enrolled in the study. Psychiatric diagnosis was based on the International Classification of Diseases-10 [lCD-10 classification]. Serological analysis for latent toxoplasmosis [lgG] and active toxoplasmosis [IgM] was done using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay [ELISA]. Investigations for the association with socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics in psychiatric patients were also done. The serofrequency of lgG antibodies among neuropsychiatric patients was significantly higher than that of the controls [35.8% vs 14.8%] P = 0.0022. OR 3.2 with 95% CI= [1.4952 to 6.8774]. However; serofrequency of toxoplasma IgM antibody between neuropsychiatric patients and controls was not statistically significant [P> 0.05]. Bivariate and multivariate analysis for socio-demographics and possible associated risk factors showed that contact to cats and/or dogs, eating under cooked meat, and contact to soil were significantly higher in neuropsychiatric patients than controls
RESUMO
To evaluate and compare the sensitivity and specificity of the serological marker human antitissue transglutarninase antibodies [IgA anti-tTG] with those of antiendomysium [EMA] and antigliadin antibodies [IgA and lgG AGA] for the diagnosis of celiac disease [CD]. The level of IgA antibodies to tTG in serum was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] test using recombinant human tTG as the antigen; EMA, by indirect immunofluorescence; and IgA and IgG AGA, by ELISA. Twenty serum samples with untreated CD were studied and compared with serum samples from 58 children examined for failure to thrive, short stature and various digestive diseases as control group. Nineteen of 20 patients with CD had IgA anti-tTG, 20 of 20 patients had EMA, 16 of 20 had IgA AGA and 19 of 20 had lgG AGA. In control group without CD, 2 Of 58 had IgA AGA and 12 of 58 had lgG AGA, but none had IgA anti-tTG or EMA. The positive predictive value of IgA anti-tTG was 100% and the negative predictive value 98.3%. In comparison, results for EMA were 100% and 100%, IgA AGA 88.9% and93.3%and IgG AGA 61.3% and 97.9% respectively. The presence of human anti-tTG is a reliable indicator for the diagnosis of CD