[Effect of camel milk on glycemic control and lipid profiles of diabetic patients]

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of camel and cow milk on blood sugar and lipid profiles of patients with diabetes mellitus, who injected lantus insulin

Materials and Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 40 patients with diabetes mellitus, using lantus insulin injections were randomly allocated two groups of camel milk receivers (19 patients, mean age 59.84+1.05] and cow milk receivers [17 patients, mean age 49.47 + 2.93]. The two groups consumed 500 ml of either camel milk or cow milk daily for three months

Results: Changes in mean glucose levels of the camel milk group were significant, over the study duration and [P<0.05]. HbA1c decreased significantly in both groups [P<0.05]. There was significant reduction of the insulin dose required in the patients receiving camel milk [13.71%], compared to those who received cow milk [0.25%; P0.05]. In the group receiving camel milk, there was a significant increase in HDL-C levels [P<0.05]. There was no difference in fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, HbA1c, HOMA-IR and lipid profiles between the two groups at the end of study [P>0.05]

Conclusion: Camel milk decreased blood sugar, HbA1c and required the insulin dose required in diabetes mellitus patients, who inject lantus insulin and in could also contribute to glycemic control in these patients

Role of probiotics in glycemic controls and body weight in type 2 diabetes: a systematic of human and animal studies

Publications evaluating the effects of probiotics on glycemic parameters, body weight change and food intakes have increased steadily in recent years. This study hence assessed all related human and animal studies. In the present systematic review, we used search engines to collect relevant data until May 2014, concerning the effects of probiotics on body weight changes, fasting plasma glucose [FPG], oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT], glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], insulin, and insulin resistance in T2DM. Twenty-five animal and four human articles met our inclusion criteria, articles which generally reported positive effects of probiotics on glycemic parameters. Lactobacillus sub-strains were used in all studies except for one. Most of the human and animal studies reported significant reduction in FPG and delay in the onset of T2DM, respectively; only animal studies reported significant reduction in OGTT. Few studies showed significant reduction and increase in HbA1c and insulin levels, respectively. Most studies reported significant increment in body weight after intervention, whereas only a few reported significant reductions in this parameter. This study showed that the administration of probiotics have beneficial effects on glycemic parameters, although their effects on body weight were inconsistent. Therefore, considering the controversial results among human and animal reports, more data evidence is needed to conduct a meta-analysis

[Food groups, inflammatory markers and the metabolic syndrome in adults]

Inflammation is a common recognized complication of metabolic syndrome. Our objective was to study the association between food groups, inflammatory markers and the metabolic syndrome in adults. This case control study was conducted on 80 subjects with metabolic syndrome as cases and 160 controls without the syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was defined based on criteria of the Adult Treatment Panel III. Anthropometric, biochemical profiles, blood pressure and inflammatory markers were documented. Statistical analysis were performed using logistic regression and linear regression. Legumes, fruits, dairy product and red meat were inversely and starchy vegatables were found to be positively associated with metabolic syndrome. After adjusment for confounding factors, legumes, fruits and dairy remained significant. Compared with the lowest quartile category odds ratio for Mets in the highest quartile of legumes and fruits intakes was 60% lower, after adjustment for confounding factors. Also compared with the lowest quartile category metabolic syndrome odds ratio in the highest quartile category of dairy was 40% lower. In the highest quartile category of fruit, dairy and legumes, hs-C Reactive Protein concentration was significantly lower, after adjustment for confounding factors. Fruit, dairy and legumes consumption were inversly associated with metabolic syndrome and hs-C Reactive Protein concentration in this group of adult Iranians

[ effects of probiotic yoghurt consumption on blood pressure and serum lipids in type 2 diabetic patients: randomized clinical trial]

Considering the high prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of probiotic yoghurt on blood pressure and serum lipid concentrations in these patients. In this controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 60 patients [23 males and 37 females] with type 2 diabetes and an LDL-cholesterol level higher than 100 mg/dL were assigned to one of two groups. Subjects in the intervention group consumed daily 300 gr of probiotic yoghurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis, and those in the control group consumed daily 300 gr of conventional yoghurt, for 6 weeks. Dietary intakes, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and serum lipids concentrations were measured at the baseline and at the end of the study. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software, the statistical tests being analysis of covariance and paired-samples t-test. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure remained unchanged in both groups, while the total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations decreased by 4.54% and 7.45% in the intervention group, respectively, as compared with the control values [P = 0.008 andP = 0.004, respectively]. However, no significant differences were observed between the initial and final triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol concentrations in the intervention group. Consumption of probiotic yoghurt can decrease the total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in type 2 diabetic patients; however, it has no effect on blood pressure. This study shows that probiotic yoghurt may help reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors in type 2 diabetes