[Electricity generation from synthetic wastewater treatment in microbial fuel cell]

Microbial fuel cell [MFC] used for electricity generation and wastewater treatment, simultaneously. In MFC, microorganisms act as a catalyst to convert chemical energy stored in organic materials into electrical energy. This study was performed with the aim of electricity generation from synthetic wastewater treatment in microbial fuel cell. A dual chambered microbial fuel cell was operated in continuous flow for 720 hours at temperature 20 +/- 4 °C at different organic loading rates and hydraulic retention times. Organic loading rate and hydraulic retention time were effective factors for the power production and removal of organic loading rate. Maximum COD removal efficiency was observed as 49% for a period of 1.5 to 2.5 hours that this range of time can be used as optimum retention time for operation of microbial fuel cell reactor. Maximum voltage and power production were obtained 700 mV and 1700 mW/m[2], respectively. Considering the advantages such as direct electricity generation from wastewater and considerable removal efficiency of organic loading rate, wastewater treatment in a microbial fuel cell, application of industrial scale microbial fuel cell for wastewater treatment is recommended after complementary studies and economic assessment

Effect of organic loading on the performance of aerated submerged fixed-film reactor [ASFFR] for crude oil-containing wastewater treatment

An aerated submerged fixed-film [ASFF] bioreactor was developed to treat an artificial wastewater based on crude oil. Bee-Cell 2000 was used as support media having porosity of 87% and a specific surface area of 650 m[2]/m[3]. The system was able to achieve 83.14-97.05 percentage removal efficiencies of soluble chemical oxygen demand [SCOD] in the organic loading rate range of 0.84 to 9.41 g SCOD/m[2]day showed that the effluent SCOD concentration ranged between 18.93 and 100.93 mg/L at organic loadings experienced. Therefore, an ASFF process showed that it was feasible to treat high oily wastewater in order to meet the discharge standards

Cadmium removal from aqueous solutions by ground pine cone

A study on the removal of cadmium ions from aqueous solutions by pine cone was conducted in batch conditions. Kinetic data and equilibrium removal isotherms were obtained. The influence of different experimental parameters such as contact time, initial concentration of cadmium, pine cone mass and particle size, and temperature on the kinetics of cadmium removal was studied. Results showed that the main parameters that played an important role in removal phenomenon were initial cadmium con-centration, particle size and pine cone mass. The necessary time to reach equilibrium was between 4 and 7 hours based on the initial concentration of cadmium. The capacity of cadmium adsorption at equilibrium increased with the decrease of pine cone particle size. The capacity of cadmium adsorption at equilibrium by pine cone increased with the quantity of pine cone introduced [1-4 WL]. Temperature in the range of 20-30°C showed a restricted effect on the removal kinetics [13.56 mg/g at 20°C and a low capacity of adsorption about 11.48 mg/g at 30°C]. The process followed pseudo second-order kinetics. The cadmium uptake of pine cone was quantitatively evaluated using adsorption isotherms. Results indicated that the Langmuir model gave a better fit to the experimental data in comparison with the Freundlich equation