[ effect of electronic teaching of air medical transport on nurses learning]

Several positive properties of electronic teaching in teaching -learning situations have been caused its widespread prevalence in various fields. Among the target groups, nurses are the best choice for e-teaching because of their excessive working hours. So, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of electronic teaching of air medical transport on nurses learning. In this semi-experimental study 30 employed nurses in Baqiyatallah hospital of Tehran were selected by simple random sampling in 2011. The electronic teaching of air medical transport was done. The questionnaire was designed by researcher which consisted of 30 questions. This instrument assessed the effect of teaching in three levels of cognitive domain consisting of knowledge, comprehension and application before, immediately after teaching and 2 weeks later. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16, repeated measures ANOVA and independent T-Tests. The mean and standard deviation of knowledge scores, before, after teaching and 2 weeks later, were respectively 5/3 +/- 1/8, 7/5 +/- 1/92, 7/7 +/- 1/55, in comprehension level 4/76 +/- 1/61, 6/06 +/- 1/43, 6/33 +/- 1/47 and in application level 4/5 +/- 1/57, 7/56 +/- 2/04, 7/3 +/- 1/7. From 30 total scores, the scores of three levels were 14/3 +/- 3/71 before, 21/13 +/- 4/41 immediately after and 21/33 +/- 3/17 two weeks later. There was a significant difference in all levels of learning [P=0/003]. Results showed that application of virtual methods can be improve the learning of theoretical courses and active participation of nurses, thus it is recommended that multi-media methods are used in order to time saving and more effectiveness in nursing service training.

effect of the blood glucose concentration on night work nurses'attention

The repairing effect of glucose on brain cognition functioning, especially attention has been studied widely.Cognitive performance and attention is a vital aspect in nursing practice. Decreased attention and nursing errors may result in substantial mortality, morbidity, and additional health care costs. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the blood glucose concentration on night work nurses' attention accuracy in military hospitals in Tehran, Iran. A quasi-experimental study was carried out. A convenience sample of 60 nurses working in, two military hospitals in Tehran participated in the study. These nurses were randomly allocated in intervention and control groups. The study was carried out from Sep2009 to April 2010. Data were collected using a demographic data form and attention accuracy was evaluated by Toulouse- Pieron and Bonnardel test. Data collection and intervention was carried out during 4 to 5 am. The blood glucose concentration was measured before intervention, then nurses in intervention group received gr glucose solution, and nurses in control group drank water. One hour after intervention attention accuracy and blood glucose reevaluated in both groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS V. 15 software. The results indicated that glucose consumption improved the attention accuracy of nurses [P<0.001]. Based on the results, glucose consumption or carbohydrate diet in night work nursing effects on brain cognition performance especially accuracy

[Antibacterial effect essential oil and extracts of medicinal plant on the causal agents of bacterial canker and leaf spot on the stone fruit tree]

Bacterial canker and leaf spot caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae [Pss] and Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni [Xap] are one of important disease stone fruit tree. We studied antibacterial activities of fourteen essential oil and four plant extracts on these bacteria. The assay was carried in Petri dishes containing nutrient agar medium in which there was a well in the center of each Petri dish. These wells filled by 12 micro l aliquots of the essential oil and extracts. After 48h inoculation of bacteria suspension on the surface medium growth inhibition on zone around the wells was measured. Data analyzed by SAS software. Results showed among essential oil and of plant in inhibition of growth bacteria was significantly difference [p<0.00001]. Essential oil of Mentha piperita, Cuminum cyminum, Ziziphora tenuior, Tarchyspermum copticum and Salvia offlcinalis whit 6.3, 6.17, 5.77, 5.57, 4.77 cm have almost inhabitation on Xap respectively. Essential oil of Achillea millefolium, Conundrum sativum, Heracleum persicum and Salvia offlcinalis extracts showed lowest antibacterial activities. Azadirachta indica extracts showed highest and Ferula assa-foetida and Thymus vulgaris extracts have any antibacterial effect. Essential oil of Thymus vulgaris, Tarchyspermum copticum, Cuminum cyminum and Mentha piperita, have almost inhibition on Pss respectively. Essential oil of Ziziphora tenuior, Conundrum .sativum and Rosmarinus offlcinalis have medium and Achillea millefolium, Coriandrum sativum and Artemisia annua have lowest activities on Pss and Salvia offlcinalis, Ferula assa-foetida have any effect on Pss. This study revealed that essential oils of these plants have high antibacterial activities and can be use for control plant disease