Assessment of metrezoate-labeled gallium transmission in cultured human Burkitt lymphatic cells

In addition to determining the exact tumor location and its geometric features, an increase of the effective tumor atomic number will enhances the chance in treating the tumoral cells under suitable radiation. In the present study, we assessed metrezoate-labeled gallium transmission in Burkett lymphatic cells. Human Burkitt lymphatic cells were grown in culture media. Metrezoate-76% labeled with gallium-67 and the developed complex was used with a volumetric amount of 125%. The complex was added to the culture media, and then the absorbed volume was determined. Through the SPECT imaging system, the culture media containing the lymphatic cell colonies were scanned 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72-hr postaddition of metrezoate-gallium complex. The transmitted activities in the colonies area were measured after imaging. Gallium-metrezoate complex is significantly accumulated in malignant lymphatic cells. The study of the results throughout 72-hr revealed that most absorption, count quantity and transmitted activity had all occurred 4-hr after adding gallium-metrezoate complex solution. It can be concluded that gallium-metrezoate complex can be significantly accumulated in the Burkett lymphatic cells and uptake is non-linear with exposures time. This method of enhancing effective atomic number in malignant lymphatic cells therefore appears promising

[Assessment of a tentative novel x-ray anode in decreasing its applicability limitation in medical practices]

More than 99% of electrical energy in diagnostic X-Ray tubes converts to heat. This process causes limitation in medical applicability especially in higher intensity for diagnostic and treatment purposes. To decrease the applicability limitation in x-ray generation via higher cooling rate. In this study, a novel anode was proposed with special geometric design and use of new materials in order to obtain higher cooling rate. In doing so, a conventional anode with 9 Cm diameter and 127 Cm2 area, was compared with the proposed anode made of an alloy of chromium, copper and silver with 27 Cm diameter and 1145 Cm2 equipped with a tungsten ring in the same condition. Both anodes were placed inside a container without air flow and heated up to 1200 °C using a plasma flame. Then, the anode temperatures were measured and recorded during cooling using a contact thermometer for three times and finally means and standard deviation and also the respective cooling rates were calculated. In both anodes, the cooling modes were exponential but the cooling rates were respectively different, [approximately 180 °C/min for the proposed anode] and [approximately 76 °C/min for the conventional one] at 1200°C. In comparison with the conventional anode, the proposed anode has higher strength and higher cooling rate. Therefore, it can lead to lower limitation in selecting exposure factors such as mAs and kVp in medical practices

comparison between methods used to extract maximum and minimum myocardial velocities by spectral pulsed-TDI

Tissue Doppler imaging is an echocardiographic useful method in the assessment of left ventricular myocardial function in the clinical condition. Pulsed Doppler interrogation measures the instantaneous velocities of the myocardium which passes through the sample volume during the cardiac cycle. The present study attempts to verify a computerized method to determine myocardial maximum and minimum velocities throughout the cardiac cycles using spectral pulsed-tissue Doppler imaging. The data of curves might be used to calculate myocardial physical and mechanical parameters throughout the cardiac cycle. Spectral pulsed-TDI was performed to evaluate longitudinal function in 23 healthy volunteers by using a sample volume placed in 170 left ventricular segments. The velocities were extracted automatically based on four common edge detection algorithms using Matlab software. Labeling of connected components in boundary of spectrum allowed comparing the methods. In addition to analysis of variance and t-test, linear correlation and Bland-Altman analysis were calculated to assess the relationships and agreements between the systolic and diastolic results of measurements before and after using the computed program. Comparison of the means of the four edge detection methods showed that there are statistically significant differences between methods [number of labels were 12 3 for Canny, 20 4 for Roberts, 31 4 for Sobel and 39 5 for Prewitt respectively, P<0.05]. There were not significant differences between measured velocities in the segments; before and after application of the Canny method. There was significant correlations [r=0.99 and r=0.96, P=0.01] at the base and mid segments, respectively with Bland-Altman analysis significant agreements between the measurements. It is concluded that the proposed method automatically extracts myocardial velocities using spectral pulsed images. Canny method showed relatively favorable results and seems to be a preferable option to extract velocities from the spectral images. Correlation study and Bland-Altman analysis confirmed a good agreement between the measurements