[ association of dietary fat sources with leptin gene expression from visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues among tehranian adults]

Introduction: leptin, as an adipokine, plays a role in the regulation of metabolism and could be affected by dietary intake. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association of usual dietary intakes of fats with leptin gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues in adults

Materials and Methods: visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues were gathered from 97 participants aged >/= 20, who had undergone elective abdominal surgery. Dietary fats including olive oil, hydrogenated oil, non-hydrogenated oil, and animal fat were collected using a valid and reliable food-frequency questionnaire. Leptin gene expression in adipose tissues was measured using Real-Time PCR

Results: a significant inverse relation was observed between olive oil intake and leptin gene expiration in subcutaneous [[beta]=-0.441, P=0.017] and visceral [[beta]=-0.552, P<0.001] adipose tissue. In addition a direct association was also observed between dietary animal fat and leptin gene expression in subcutaneous [[beta]=0.328, P=0.020] and visceral [[beta]=0.305, P=0.015] adipose tissue. Furthermore, non-hydrogenated oil consumption was inversely associated with leptin gene expression visceral adipose tissue [[beta]=-0.348, P=0.031]

Conclusion: dietary intake of olive oil was inversely and animal fat was directly associated with leptin gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues independent of body mass index and insulin indicating the importance of fat sources on adipose tissue leptin gene expression

Parathyroid double adenoma associated with papillary carcinoma of thyroid

It has been reported that thyroid disease is common in patients with hyperparathyroidism, and vice versa. Parathyroid adenoma is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism [PHPT]. Hypercalcemia is an important laboratory finding in the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. There have been sporadic reports of the coexistence of hyperparathyroidism and non-medulary carcinoma, but the association of parathyroid adenoma and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is not well known. This is a rare report of the coexistent occurrence of papillary carcinoma of thyroid and double adenoma of parathyroid. The case is a 52-year-old woman with a 10-year history of pain in lower extremities, with initial diagnosis of osteoporosis and no clinical improvement despite using drugs. The patient was diagnosed as a case of hyperparathyroidism, using elevated concentration of calcium and PTH and metabolic bone disease [according to the isotope bone scan]. In addition to parathyroid adenomas, a firm nodule in the thyroid was detected during the surgery. Therefore, lobectomy as well as hyperparathyroidectomy was performed. In pathologic examination, parathyroid double adenoma and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid were revealed

[Evaluation of the factors responsible for the reduction of educational motive of students in Ardebil university of medical sciences]

One of the great problems in education is reduction of educational motive among students. Therefore, factors that reduce students' educational motive must be recognized and removed for promotion of educational quality in universities. This survey was performed to evaluate factors effective in the reduction of educational motive of students studying in Ardebil University of Medical Sciences. This was a descriptive analytical study. The studied population were 240 students of Ardebil University of Medical Sciences [120 motivated students and 120 unmotivated students]. The students were selected through scholastic motivation test. Tools of data collection were: Mcinerney standardized of scholastic motivation, Coopersmith self respect, Pons self-regulation learning and researcher-edited questionnaire. Reliability rate of these standardized tests has been reported at 0.73, 0.90 and 0.88, respectively. Also, reliability rate of researcher-edited questionnaire was estimated about 0.85. This questionnaire included questions that evaluated students regarding hope to future, and individual, social, familial and educational characteristics. Considering the type of variables, non-parametric chi-squared test and discrimination analysis statistical method were used to analyze data. Five of 11 studied variables, including hope to future [with 0.9 coefficient], self-respect [0.12], quality of educational factors [0.11], marital status [0.40], and family income [0.70] could explain the causes of students' motive reduction. In this study, the basic behaviors of students were explained and the results showed that the reduction in hope to the future, self-respect, quality of educational factors, family income, and being married were of the major factors underlying educational motive reduction. Therefore, it is necessary that persons in charge of Ardebil University of Medical Sciences take an action for the prevention of educational motive reduction among students, with designing appropriate methods