[Effect of valproic acid on Expression of Bim gene and viability of ovarian cancer cell line A2780]

Background and Objective: Ovarian cancer is the fifth common cancer among women and the number of new cases is increasing. Valproic acid is a histone deacetylase inhibitor effectively used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disease. Recently, this compound has attracted attention as an anti-cancer agent. Bim is one of the most important genes of mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, and it plays an important role in the biology of cancer. Expression of this gene is greatly reduced in ovarian cancer. This study was done to evaluate the effect of valproic acid on the viability of ovarian cancer cells, apoptosis and Bim gene expression in A2780 line

Methods: In this experimental study, the human ovarian cancer cells [A2780] were grown in RPMI-1640 medium in appropriate culture conditions. The cells were treated by various concentrations valproic acid [1-30 mM] and were incubated for 24, 48 and 72 hours. After the incubation of period, cell viability was investigated using MTT. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow-cytometry method in the cells were treated by valproic acid. The Real time PCR test was used to assess the effect of this drug on the expression of Bim gene

Results: The results of MTT assay showed that valproic acid reduced the viability of A2780 cells, and this effect was time and dose-dependent. The reduction of cell viability at 30 mM concentration and 72 hours after treatment, was maximum and statistically significant [P<0.05]. Exposure to valproic acid significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells [P<0.05]. Also, Valproic acid significantly increased the expression of Bim [P<0.05]

Conclusion: Valproic acid reduced viability in ovarian cancer cell line A2780. Valproic acid increased cell death by altering the expression of genes involved in apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell lineA2780

[Effect of chrysin on AGS human gastric cancer cell line]

Chrysin is a natural and active biological component which is extracted from plants, honey and propolis. Chrysin has anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant propertis. This study was done to evaluate the effect of chrysin on AGS human gastric cancer cell line. In this descriptive - analytic study, chrysin was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO] and the cytotoxic effects of concentrations of 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 ,50, 60, 70, 80, and 100 µM/ml of chrysin on AGS cells was evaluated. Viability of the cells was determined with MTT assay after 24, 48 and 72 hours and compared to controls. Chrysin inhibited the growth and proliferation of human gastric cancer AGS cell line. The antiproliferative effect of chrysin was dose and time dependent. The IC50 values were determined for 60, 30 and 20 µM, in incubation time of 24, 48 and 72 hour, respectively [P<0.05]. Chrysin proved to have antiproliferative activity on human gastric cancer cells in culture medium

Effect of 8 weeks resistance training on sphingosine-1-phosphate level and gene expression of SK1 enzyme, isoforms of MHCs in skeletal muscles of male Wistar Rats

Sphingosine-1-phosphate [S1P] is involved in regulation of proliferation, differentiation, hypertrophy and anti-apoptosis and activation of satellite cells. This study was done to evaluated the effect of 8 weeks resistance training on sphingosine-1-phosphate level and gene expression of SK1 enzyme, isoforms of MHCs in skeletal muscles of male Wistar rats. This experimental study was done on Twenty four 8-week-old 190-250 gr male Wistar rats. The rats were allocated randomly into control [N=12] and training [N=12] groups. Resistance training was done using a 1 meter height ladder with 2 cm grid with an 85 degree incline, and weights attached to rat's tails. The content of S1P present in the chloroform layer was determined by means of high performance liquid chromatography [HPLC]. Determination of relative mRNA expression was performed by Real-time PCR. Data were analyzed using SPSS-17, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and independent t-test. Resistance exercise training increased the total content of S1P in FHL [fast-twitch] and soleus [slow-twitch] muscles in comparison with control group [P<0.05]. Resistance exercise training changed the gene expression of FHL SK1, SOL SK1, FHL MHC I, Sol MHC I, FHL MHC IIa, Sol MHC IIa, FHL MHC IIb, Sol MHC IIb, FHL MHC IIx, Sol MHC IIx in comparison with control group [P<0.05]. This study showed that S1P level and gene expression of SK1, MHCs increased at skeletal muscles after training

[Evaluation of the validity of two hemoglobinometry methods for measurement of hemoglobin levels in whole blood donors in Yazd, 2010-2011]

Hemoglobin screening methods before blood donation need to be not only simple, rapid and inexpensive but also sensitive for detection of both low and high hemoglobin levels to prevent false rejection of potential donors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of two methods of hemoglobinometry in blood donors. In this cross sectional study, 198 blood donors were randomly selected. The hemoglobin levels of two blood samples taken by means of a single finger stick were determined by Hemocue 201+ and Hemocontrol and hemoglobin level of a venous blood sample was measured by Cobas hematology analyzer as standard method. Venous hemoglobin range of 12.5-17.9 g/dl was regarded as inclusion criteria for blood donation. The sensitivity, specificity and correlation between reference method and each of the hemoglobinometers were assessed. Data analysis was performed by means of correlation tests, regression analysis and paired t-test. Mean hemoglobin levels measured by Cobas, Hemocue and Hemocontrol were 15.9 +/-1.68, 16.28 +/-1.91 and 16.30 +/-196 g/dl, respectively. Hemoglobin levels measured by hemoglobinometers were higher than that measured by the standard reference. This difference was not significant in low hemoglobin levels, contrary to high hemoglobin levels. Each of the two methods showed significant correlation with standard method when hemoglobin levels were lower than normal limit. Increased hemoglobin levels led to decreased correlation coefficient which was not significant with hemoglobin levels higher than 18g/dl. Our study results showed that these heomoglobinometers were not valid for screening high hemoglobin levels in blood donors and a large number of potential donors would be falsely rejected. Further studies to find valid methods are recommended

[ effect of resistance training on plasma and skeletal muscles sphingosine-1-phosphate levels of male Wistar rat]

Sphingosine 1-phosphate [S1P] is a bioactive platelet-derived sphingolipid that is involved in regulation of proliferation, differentiation, hypertrophy and anti-apoptosis of cells and activation of satellite cells. The purpose of present study was to examine the effect of resistance training on S1P levels of plasma and skeletal muscles in male Wistar rats. Twenty four 8-week-old male Wistar rats were used in this study. The initial body weight of rats was 190 to 250 gr. All animals were maintained in pairs in an environmentally controlled room at 22°C, 12:12-h photoperiod cycle and allowed normal cage activity. The animals were fed standard rat chow and water ad libitum. After a week of acclimation to the animal facility, the rats were assigned randomly to a control [N=12] or training [N=12] group. Resistance training was done using a 1 meter height ladder with 2 cm grid with an 85 degree incline, and weights attached to rat's tails. The content of sphingosine-1- phosphate [S1P] present in the chloroform layer was determined by means of high performance liquid chromatography [HPLC]. Resistance exercise training increased the total content of S1P in FHL [fast-twitch] [P=0.003] and soleus [slow-twitch] [P=0.008] muscles and plasma [P=0.001] in comparison with control group. It is concluded that resistance exercise training strongly affects the S1P content in fast and slow twitch muscles and plasma

Correlation of del13q, del11q and trisomy 12 with laboratory and clinical features of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Iranian patients

There is a strong association between chromosomal abnormalities and laboratory features and clinical course of the B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia [B-CLL]. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and correlation of cytogenetic aberrations with laboratory and clinical features of the disease. Clinical and laboratory features of 65 CLL patients were collected from their hospital profiles and their blood and/or bone marrow were examined by conventional cytogenetics and interphase FISH methods. Conventional cytogenetic methods identified 27.7% chromosomal abnormalities in 65 patients. I-FISH analysis for del13q, del11q and trisomy 12 revealed abnormality in 75.4% of patients. The results showed that IFISH improved the detection rate of chromosomal abnormalities and it enhanced detection. Statistical analysis was performed on sex, age, family history, Rai stage and CD markers on trisomy 12, del 11q and del 13q subgroups. There was a high frequency of Ray stages I and II within del13q subgroup, Rai stages III and IV within del11q subgroup and Rai stage II within trisomy 12 subgroup. Mean of CD38 in patients with del 11q was significantly higher than mean of patients with trisomy 12 and del 13q. High level of CD38 and presence of del11q indicated a poor prognosis and low level of CD38 and presence of del13q was indicative of good prognosis in Iranian B-CLL patients. Trisomy 12 had an intermediate prognostic value

Assessment of liver function test change after open heart surgery

Open heart surgery requires using cardiopulmonar bypass [CPB]. CPB stimulates complement, coagulation and immune systems and non-pulsatile flow has an important effect on body organs, like liver. Activation of this system produces severe inflammatory reaction with subsequent organ damage. This study was designated to examine the influence of CPB on simple liver function test. A total of 100 patients with coronary artery disease [CAD] and valvular heart disease were scheduled for surgery and entered in a clinical study to assess the effects of intra-operative variables on simple liver function tests [SGOT, SGPT, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin] measured after three consecutive days with an auto-analyzer device. Patients with a past medical history of right heart failure, jaundice or hepatitis were excluded from our study. Independent and continuous variables, such as age, gender, pump time, temperature in pump, transfusion, were measured and recorded, and effect of these variables on mean values of liver function test after operation was evaluated by generalized linear method [GLM] and two way methods. This test entered to model as dependent variables and other variables as fixed or co-variables. The mean values of liver function test before and after operation were compared by ANOVA and Turkey's post hoc test and p-value <0.05 was considered significant. The pump hypotension [BP<50mmHg] had an effect on SGPT 1 and SGOT 2 and SGOT 3 [P<0.004]. Change of SGOT 2 test was significant in the pump time longer than 100 minutes. SGOT 1, SGOT 3, SGPT 1, alkaline phosphatase 1 changes related to CPB temperature was seen in temperature less than 28, rise of alkaline phosphatase 1,2, 3 was significant [P<0.01] with long anesthesia time. Type of operation had a significant effect on direct bilirubin 2, 3 and type of pump had an effect on SGOT 2 and direct bilirubin 1. Sex had effect on SGOT 2 but age did not have any effect on liver function test. Transfusion volume raised SGOT 1 and alkaline phosphatase 1 and direct bilirubin 2 and long pump time raised SGOT 2. Age had no influence on liver function test. The most sensitive tests to find hepatic injury with hypothermia were SGPT 1 and alkaline phosphstase 1 and SGOT 1. In CPB hypotension, SGPT 1, 2 tests were significant and in long pump time, SGOT 2 was sensitive for knowing hepatic cell damage