Evaluation of anterior subcutaneous transposition of ulnar nerve in cubital tunnel syndrome

Regarding the frequency of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome, varieties of treatment modalities, and ambiguity of anterior subcutaneous transposition of ulnar nerve method, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of this procedure in patients with Cubital Tunnel Syndrome referred to Taleghani hospital in 2004-2007. This study was a case series including all referred patients with definite diagnosis of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome, treated by anterior subcutaneous transposition. Treatment results were measured according to modified Bishop rating system, and were ranked into excellent, good, fair, and poor. Variables such as gender, age < 45 years>, causation, and initial severity, determined by Dellon criteria preoperatively, were analyzed by Fisher's exact test. This study was performed on 26 eligible patients including 29 elbows [38% males and 62% females, with mean age of 44.5 years], with an age range of 23-72 years. In a 12 months follow-up post-operatively, 62% showed excellent, 20.7%good, and 17.3% were reported fair with no poor result. In a 1-12 months follow-up post-operatively, results showed improvement, and initial severity and old age were demonstrated to significantly affect treatment results [p < 0.07]. Our study findings strongly support the concept that anterior subcutaneous transposition of ulnar nerve is successful in patients with Cubital Tunnel Syndrome; however, further experimental studies are suggested

[ introduction to electronic health information privacy law]

Nowadays Information and Communication Technologies have influenced all realms of human life. Today there is an attempt to make every human being activity in the hone of electronic and digitized version to faciliate and accelerate it. As result of such an ongoing fact which can be called as "information revolution", today we hear so much of some phrases such as E-Business, E-Learning. E-Money, E-Banking, E-Government and recently E-Health. The advent of E-Health. Telemedicine and the development of modern electronic social security system, need enhanced and updated database of health status of the citizens. Personal data which need legal protection can be divided in six categories: Health and Genetic Data, economic and commercial data, data relating to personal ideas and beliefs, sexual life data. criminal condemnation data and general personal data. The scale of importance of personal data differs as a result of kind and nature of them. So, sensitive personal data which needs a more comprehensive protection differs from common ones for which a usual protection will suffice. Electronic Health Information is certainly some kind of sensitive personal data which should be kept under the highest security standards and any kind of infringement to such data is forbidden and punishable in most of the legal systems. Survey and analysis of a proportionate legal system for such data in information technology age is of special necessity to develop E-Health project. Today E-Health file plays a very important role in the society health system. This research is a descriptive and analytic one, in which we have tried to show the deficiencies of the Iranian legal system in this field, through analysis of legal sources and regulations of different legal systems and comparing the results with the Iranian ones. For this purpose we will employ the internet sources as hard copies of books and papers as the same as some international, domestic and foreign acts, conventions and documents. In different legal systems the security of Electronic Health Information which is the most important field of E-Health project, is provided through legislating special vindicative acts. Iran laws pay much more attention to correctness of data than to protecting correct data. So apart from some limited protection made in relation to some special jobs such as lawyers and physicians we will see nothing more than defamation and alike criminal institutions as data protecting acts. As contrast to some of leading and advanced legal systems in the field of Information Technology Law, [such as United States of America and members of European Union, The Convention on Cyber crime] the Iranian legal system has not made some favourable protection of personal health and genetic data. This will cause the Iranian E-Health Filing project abortive. So some revision is needed to update the Iranian legal system and observe the international standards. Though there is some effort to pass new comprehensive acts governing all kinds of personal data amongst Health and Genetic Data but up to the date they have not come to force and the defect has made Iran legal system situation crucial