RESUMO
The potential role of omega - 3 [omega-3] and omega - 6[omega-6] fatty acids on wound healing is of interest and controversial. In the present study, the effect of dietary intake of fish oil [omega-3 diet] and corn oil [omega-6 diet] on skin wound healing has been investigated in rat. This experimental study was performed on four groups of male rats [one normal group and three diabetic groups]. Diabetes was induced by subcutaneous injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin. In diabetic groups, one group was control and received STZ alone, and the other two diabetic groups were respectively fed with oral Fish oil [Fo group] and corn oil [co group] from 4 weeks after the induction of diabetes till complete wound healing. All animals were wounded by a 4 cm vertical incision in the midline of dorsum 8 weeks after diabetes induction. Wound surface area, percentage of wound healing, vessels density, and epidermal growth were measured at various post-operated periods. The results showed that, surface area of wound in co group was less than that of FOtreated rats and control group at the 7[th] post - operative day. Moreover the percentage of wound healing in co group was 97% at the 20[th] day, while this parameter in FO group and control group were 66% and 71.3% respectively. Although vessels density and epidermal growth in control group were significantly less than those of normal group, no significant difference was found between both FO and CO groups with control group in this regard. Moreover, FO diet and CO diet had an inhibitory effect on increased plasma glucose in diabetic rats by 46.8% and 40.7% respectively. Diabetic rats demonstrated increased plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDLC levels, but this change was significantly decreased by both diets at the end of 7[th] week. FO and CO diets also caused an increase in plasma HDL level comparing to the control group. We concluded that, corn oil [omega-6 diet] supplementation can result in an acceleration of skin wound healing in chronic diabetic rats, but fish oil have no effect. These actions of corn oil may be mediated through changes in inflammatory or fibroplasias stages of wound response
RESUMO
Ovarian and steroid hormones have long and short-term effects of brain. Progesterone has functional and structural effect on Hippocampus neurons. In epilepsyprobably the number of brain neurons can reduce due to cell mortality. Therefore, in this study effect of progesterone were evaluated on the number of CA3 Hippocampus neurons. In this experimental study, 45 Male wistar rats were divided into 5 groups. 5 rats selected as an intact group. Group1 [control] were received, 50-mg/kg- pentylenetetrazd [PTZ]i.p. for kindling. Group 2 received PTZ sesom oil [i.p][vehicle], 30 min before, groups 3 and 4 received 25 and 50 mg/kg progesterone [i.p] 30 min before receiving PTZ. PTZ injected every 48 h and the rate of mortality, seizure stage and duration of V phase were calculated during in min after PTZ injection. If animal reach to phase 5, for three times they were considered as kindled rats and anesthetized by ether for histological study. Their brain were perfuse for fixation by formaldehyde [10%]. and after passage and blocking, 10 micron slices prepared and stained with HandE and Cresyl violet methods. Then CA3 neurons were counted with morphometric lens per mm[2]. The results were shown that injection of 25 and 50mg/kg progesterone reduced duration of phase V from 175.2 S in sham to 123.1 S and 113.1 S respectively, [p<0.05 and p0.01]. PTZ reduced the number of CA3 neurons form 178.3 +/- 8 in intact animals to 123.2 +/- 14.2 in control [p<0.05]. The mean number of neurons in 25 and 50 mg/kg progesterone were 137.3 +/- 10.5 and 145 +/- 8.5 respectively. The number of CA3 neuron in 50mg/kg progesterone group had significant difference compared to control group [p<0.05].The results of this study showed that, neuron mortality due to PTZ, reduced in progesterone receiving group compared to control. It seem that there is correlation between neuron mortality and phase 5 duration in progesterone receiving group