Comprehensive evaluation of dehydration impact on ocular tissue during Ramadan fasting

The present study aimed to review the effect of dehydration during Ramadan fasting on the health and ocular parameters leading to changes in eye function. Articles included in the study were taken from PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science and Google Scholar up to 2014. Related articles were also obtained from scientific journals on fasting and vision system. Dehydration and nutrition changes in Ramadan cause an increase in tear osmolarity, ocular aberration, anterior chamber depth, IOL measurement, central corneal thickness, retinal and choroidal thickness, and also a decrease in IOP, tear secretion, and vitreous thickness. Much research related to the effect of dehydration on ocular parameters during Ramadan fasting exists. The findings reveal association with significant changes on ocular parameters. Thus, it seems requisite to have a comprehensive study on "fasting and ocular parameters", which will be helpful in making decisions and giving plan to the patients

[Evaluation of relationship between contrast sensitivity, color vision and visual acuity in diabetic patients with and without retinopathy]

To investigate the discriminative ability of contrast sensitivity [CS], color vision and log MAR visual acuity [VA] in detecting functional losses in diabetic participants with and without retinopathy comparing to the control group. In this cross sectional study in 1388 we examined 105 patients in Mashhad Khatam- Al-Anbia Eye Hospital including 70 diabetic patients [35 with retinopathy and 35 without retinopathy] with 35 control group. Contrast sensitivity was examined by means of CSV-1000 E at 3, 6, 12 and 18 cpd respectively. Color discrimination ability was measured with the Farnsworth D-15 test and log MAR VA by Snellen chart. Contrast sensitivity was significantly lower in the diabetic eyes with retinopathy than in the normal eyes in all spatial frequencies. Comparing to the control group, there was a statistically significant CS loss in spatial frequencies of 3, 6, 18 cpd in the diabetic eyes without retinopathy [p<0.05]. The mean log MAR VA and color vision abnormalities were significantly higher in the diabetic eyes with retinopathy than in the normal eyes or the diabetic eyes without retinopathy [p<0.001]. The sensitivity and specificity of the CS test in 6 cpd were 71% and 82% which were significantly higher than other spatial frequencies. The sensitivity and the specificity of the color vision test and VA [log MAR >/= 0.05, Snellen