A Report of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in the Region of the Po-Hang / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: Pelvic inflammatory disease has been inclining over the years and high prevalence rates in teenagers is an upcoming issue. Our study is to research and analyze the PID patients of a certain region to give a better perspect of the disease for adequate prevention and management. METHODS: From March 1998 to December 2001, we underwent retrospective studies on medical records of 130 admitted PID patients in po-hang Dong-guk university hospital. RESULTS: Our of all gynecologic patients, 14.4% were PID patients. 17.7% of these were teenagers and patients who were in there twenties consumed up to 50.8%. The disease mostly occured within 8 days of the first menstruational day. Common etiology of the disease was unmarried state, using IUD as a contraceptive and previous artificial abortion. CONCLUSION: PID patients who are in their teens or twenties represented 68.5% of all PID patients. PID in younger ages keeps increasing and seems to be a trend. Secondary treatment of the disease is undoubtfully important, but primary prevention such as sexual education and birth control must also be considered.

Expression of cyclin D1, PCNA, RB and p16 associated with G1 cell-cycle in DMBA induced rat ovarian carcinogenesis / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: Ovarian cancer is common a gynecologic malignancy and leading cause of death in women being diagnosed with advanced disease. This study was undertaken to investigate the roles of the proteins related to G1 cell cycle in ovarian carcinogenesis. METHODS: The expression of cyclin Dl, p16, RB and PCNA in DMBA (7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene)-induced ovarian cancer of rats was analyzed by immuno-histochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS: 1. Twenty-nine tumors were induced in 32 ovaries from 16 rats (90.6%) in the experimental group. The average weight of tumor was 3.35+/-0.73 gm and the average size was 1.84+/-0.17 cm in greatest dimension. The histologic types were adenocarcinomas (n=20), squamous cell carcinomas (n=3), sarcoma (n=4) and combined types (n=3). 2. With respect to the cyclin D1 and PCNA labelling index, ovarian cancers showed significantly higher index than normal ovarian surface epithelium. There were no differences among the cancer types. In Western blot analysis, the expression of cyclin Dl in ovarian cancers was higher than that in normal ovarian surface epithelium. 3. With respect to the p16 and RB labelling index, ovarian cancers showed significantly lower index than normal ovarian surface epithelium. There were no differences among the cancer types. In Western blot analysis, the expression of cyclin Dl in ovarian cancers were lower than that in normal ovarian surface epithelium. 4. Positive correlation was shown among cyclin D1, PCNA. RB was negatively correlated with cyclin D1, PCNA. The p16 had no correlation with cyclin D1, PCNA. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the deregulation of cyclin Dl, p16, RB and PCNA occur in DMBA induced rat ovarian carcinogenesis and result in tumor progression. Further studies are needed to investigate the role and function of cyclin Dl-p16-RB pathway in human ovarian cancer with this animal model.

Two Cases of Scar endometriosis / 대한부인종양콜포스코피학회잡지

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue(gland and stroma) outside the uterus. The incidence of scar endometriosis is quite rare, and must differentiate with cellulitis and abscess. We have experienced one case of perineal endometriosis and one case of abdominal wall endometriosis at the site of postoperative wound scar. The possible pathogenesis of endometriosis and treatment were discussed.

A case of Hypertensive Encephalopathy after Postpartum Bleeding / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Hypertensive encephalpathy is defined as severe hypertension in association with headache, nausea and vomiting, visual disturbances, confusion, stupor and coma. The pathophysiological mechanism is incompletely understood and causing as a result of failure of the upper limit of cerebral vascular autoregulation. Magnetic resonance imaging shows a characteristics posterior leukoencephalopathy, predominantly affects the white matter of the parietal and occipital lobes. Hypertensive encephalopathy are potentially reversible with timely and appropriate treatment. We experienced a case of hypertensive encephalopathy after normal vaginal delivery and report this case with a brief review of the literatures.

A Comparison of Intravaginal Misoprostol and Dinoprostone for Cervical Ripening of the Unfavorable Cervix and Labor Induction at Term Pregnancy / 대한주산의학회잡지

No abstract available.

A Case of Intraligamentary Leiomyoma with Huge Cystic Degeneration / 대한부인종양콜포스코피학회잡지

The incidence of uterine myoma with cystic degeneration is 4% and symptomatic uterine myoma requires surgical management. We experienced a case of intraligamentary leiomyoma with huge cystic degeneration with its total weight 2526gm in 48 years old woman and brief review of the case and its literatures are presented.

Two Cases of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary Arising in Mature Cystic Teratoma / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Between 1 and 2% of benign cystic teratomas undergo malignant transformation. This occurs most frequently in postmenopausal women, who account for only 10% of benign cystic teratoma. A wide variety of neoplasms arise in the mature tissues of otherwise benign teratomas. Of the malignancies arising in teratomas, squamous carcinoma is the most common (83%) with sarcomas accounting for 7%, adenocarcinoma and carcinoid tumors make up most of the others. The presentation in Stage I disease does not differ from that of benign cystic teratoma, except that ascites is occasionally present. In the more advanced neoplasms, the symptoms are those of epithelial ovarian cancer of the same stage. Differential diagnosis between squamous cell carcinoma and benign mature teratoma is difficult but seems to be related to age, size, serum tumor marker (SCC, CA125, CEA). Prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma in mature cystic teratoma was reported much poorer than other epithelial ovarian cancers In the early stages, treatment is possible through surgical intervention alone, but when advanced, 5 year survival rate shows less than 15 percent. We experienced two cases of squamous cell carcinoma of ovary arising in mature teratoma and present with a brief review of literature.

A Case Report of Complete Testicular Feminization Syndrome with Rudimentary Salpinx / 대한산부인과학회잡지

The Complete testicular feminization syndrome is a hereditary syndrome characterized clinically by female phenotype with 46, XY karyotype and bilateral testes. There is a congenital insensitivity to androgens, transmitted by means of a maternal X-linked recessive gene responsible for the androgen intracellular receptor. Therefore, androgen induction of Wolffian duct development does not occur. However, anti-mullerian hormone activity is present and the individual does not have mullerian development. Principle of treatment is reinforced to live normal female life. This is a case report of testicular feminization syndrome with rudimentary salpinx with the brief review of literatures.

A Case of Adenomyotic Cyst Within Myometrium Accompanied with Endometriosis / 대한부인종양콜포스코피학회잡지

Adenomyotic cyst is very rare disease, their sizes are mostly lesser 5mm. The intrauterine adenomyotic cyst may arise from progressive expansion of cyst due to progressive menstrual bleeding. Authors experienced a case of large adenomyotic cyst within myometrium occuring in a l9-year-old woman, and who was accompanied with endometriosis. The cyst was about 3 x 3em sized, and had chocolate colored thick viscous contents, We experienced one case of adenomyotic cyst which was thought to be degenerated uterine myoma, so we report the case with a brief review of the concerned literatures.

A Study Female of Fecal Incontinence: Effects of Parity & Delivery method / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of parity & delivery method on female fecal incontinence. METHOD: Based on 213 cases of 4 different delivery method and 40 cases of one non-delivery group, a retrospective analysis of the prevalence of female fecal incontinence, between January 1996 and December 1998, was done. With delivery mode, 4 different groups were: first vaginal delivery group , two or more vaginal deliveries group, first cesarean section group, and first vaginal delivery followed by cesarean section group. All subjects were examined by questionaire or phone about the experience of fecal incontinence after delivery. In cases of fecal incontinence , we reviewed the obstetric complications with medical records. RESULT: There was no fecal incontinence in the non-delivery group. The incidence of fecal incontinence in the two or more vaginal delivery group(11.7%, 9/77) and the first vaginal delivery followed by cesarean section group(18.1%, 8/44) was higher than the first vaginal delivery group(6.8%, 3/44), and the first cesarean section group(2.1%, 1/48)(P<0.05). The obstetric complications in fecal incontinence cases were: a prolonged second stage, anal sphincter laceration, vacuum extraction, a large baby etc. CONCLUSION: Fecal incontinence was significantly correlated with the number of vaginal deliveries and obstetric complications during delivery. Fecal incontinence after the first vaginal delivery or vaginal delivery followed by cesarean section are very important factors in choosing the next delivery method.

The Effect of MPTP on Movement and TH-immunoreactive Neuronal Changes of C57BL/6 Mice in Relation to Aging / 대한해부학회지

The effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on movement and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive (ir) neuronal changes in young (5~6 weeks) and aged (10~12 months) C57BL/6 mice were studied. Locomotor activity was measured during 180 minutes after a single injection of 30 mg/kg of MPTP. For immunohistochemistry both young and aged mice were injected four repeated dosages of 10 mg/kg of MPTP 12 hours apart. We counted the numbers of TH-ir cell bodies using immunohistochemical technique in substantia nigra (SN), ventral tegmental area (VTA) and locus ceruleus (LC) 7 days after the last injection of MPTP. There was a marked decrease of locomotor activity in MPTP-treated young and aged mice, and a delay in recovery of locomotor activity in MPTP-treated aged mice. In young mice, there was a decrease in the number of TH-ir cell bodies in the SN of young mice, but not in VTA or LC. In aged mice, there was a significant decrease in the number of TH-ir cell bodies in VTA as well as SN. It was concluded that aged mice were more sensitive to MPTP than young mice, and MPTP-treated aged mice a more useful animal model for studing the characteristics of Parkinson's disease.

The Changes in the Activity of Oxygen Free Radical Generating and Scavenging System as the Pregnant Period / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE; This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of pregnancy on the activities of oxygen hee radical generating and scavenging system in the female rats. MATERIAL & METHOD; Rats weighing 200-220 gm were grouped to non-pregnant, 2nd trimester and 3rd trimester of pregnancy. The experiment was carried out following overnight fasting. Animals were anesthetized by administration of pentothal sodium, and blood was drawn via abdominal aorta. After exsanguination, the liver, kidney, heart, lung, with or without placenta tissues were excised immediately. The excised tissue was frozen in liquid nitrogen rapidly, and stored in liquid nitrogen for analysis. RESULTS; The gain in body weight was higher in pregnant rats than in normal rats. Lipid peroxidation was not significantly different among all groups in the liver, kidney, heart, lung, and placenta tissue. Xanthine oxidase activity of the kidney in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy was lower than that of non-pregnant rats. Superoxide dismutase activity of the liver was significantly decreased in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pegnancy compared with that of non-pregnant rats, and that of lung was also decreased than that of non-pregnant rats. Catalase activity of the kidney was decreased in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy compared with that of non-pregnant rats. Glutathione content of the liver was markedly decreased in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy compared with that of non-pregnant rats. CONCLUSION; In conclusion, these results suggest that oxygen free radical will not increase in the liver, kidney, heart, lung, and placenta during normal pregnancy, but in the cases of overproduction of oxygen free radical, the liver, kidney, and lung will have me chance of tissue damage because of decreased activity of some anti-oxidant enzymes and/or decreased amount of anti-oxidant materials.

A Case of Pseudo-Meigs' Syndrome / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Meigs' syndrome is defined as a hydrothorax with ascites and a pelvic tumor, both of which resolve on removal of the tumor. Pseudo-Meigs' syndrome is a variant not possessing the original tumor cell types described by Meigs. Both these syndromes should be considered in otherwise healthy women who present with either new or recurrent hydrothorax and ascites. Pseudo-Meigs' syndrome occurs with the clinical triad of (1)ascites, (2)pleural effusion and (3)Brenner tumors, struma ovarii, benign thecomas, extreme ovarian edema, uterine leiomyomas or other benign pelvic tumors. A case of Pseudo-Meigs' syndrome associated with Brenner tumor is presented with a brief review of literatures.

The Application of Doppler Ultrasound in the Assessment of Fetal Weight / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the fetal doppler flow velocimetry and birth weight in low risk pregnancy population. METHODS: From December 1995 to May 1996, We prospectively performed doppler study in 254 uncomplicated, term pregnant women, who visited Pohang Hospital, Dongguk University. Using pulsed color doppler, we measured umbilical artery RI, middle cerebral artery RI and middle cerebral-umbilical artery RI ratio within one week before delivery. RESULTS: The result was that low birth weight group (below 2500gm) had very significant lationship with umbilical artery RI(P<0.01), middle cerebral artery RI(P<0.05) and middle cerebral-umbilical artery RI ratio(P<0.05), but there was no significant relationship in these blood flow indices between normal birth weight group (2501gm- 3999gm) and macrosomia group (above 4000gm). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that application of doppler ultrasonopaphy in the assessment of fetal weight is somewhat helpful for identification of low birth weight, not for macrosomia.

Two Cases of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kster-Hauser Syndrome Managed by McIndoe Operation / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Mayer-Rokitansky-Kster-Hauser Syndrome is characterized by the absence of the vagina and uterus, the presence of apparently normal tubes and ovaries, feminine appeara-nce, normal female secondary sexual characteristics, a normal 46,XX karyotype, and a fem-inine psychosexual orientation. Various methods of surgical treatment have been introduced, but the ideal method is still not found. The two cases reviewed in this paper were all treated with McIndoe operation using full thickness skin graft. Both women were satisfied with vaginal depth and excellent result was achieved. We report two vaginoplasties in patients of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kster-Hauser Syndr- ome including a brief review of literature.

A Case of Adenoid Basal Carcinoma of the Cervix / 대한부인종양콜포스코피학회잡지

Adenoid basal carcinoma of the cervix is very rare tumor. It is slow-growing and locally invasive tumor amenable to simply hystrectomy. It is common to be associated with severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ(CIS) of cervix Occasionally, concommitant microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma may also be seen. Differential diagnosis includes adenoid cystic carcinoma, which is more aggressive tumor associated with regional lymph node involvement and late pulmonary metastasis. We have recently experienced a case of adenoid basal carcinoma of the cervix in 61 years-old woman, which is presented with a brief review of the literature.