RESUMO
Objectives:- The objective of the study was to document frequency of nonunion and avascular necrosis in fracture neck of femur [NOF] in the young adults, treated with cannulated screws
Methodology: It is a descriptive case series study, carried out at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Sheikh Zayed Hospital [PGMI] Lahore. Forty patients were included in this study, reported within two weeks of injury. All patients with Garden type I, II, III and IV fractures neck of femur, aged from 18 to 55 years, from May 2012 to November 2012 were included with the consent to undergo osteosynthesis with cannulated screws
Results: KOFU [Japan] hip scoring system was used to evaluate results. Total 34 fractures [85%] achieved radiological union on an average of 3 months. Out of these 34 patients, 11 patients were with Garden type I, 10 patients Garden type II, 8 patients with Garden type III and 5 patients with garden type IV fractures had union of fracture. Total 6 patients [15.0%] had complications. Out of these total 6 patients, 2 patients were Garden type III and 4 patients were Garden type IV. All these 6 patients [15%] had nonunion, and 2[5%] patients ended in avascular necrosis of head of femur also but in 4 patients head of femur remained viable. There was no case reported with implant loosening in our all treated cases
Conclusion: With cannulated screw fixation all garden type I and II fractures achieved union and garden type III fractures have minimal frequency of nonunion and garden type IV fractures have variable frequency of nonunion. So cannulated screw fixation is best method of treatment in fracture neck of femur in young adults
RESUMO
Background: this study was done to determine the types and outcome of various arrhythmias in Acute Myocardial Infarction within first 24 hours: It was a descriptive study. The study was conducted at Department of Medicine and Coronary care, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, from June 2007 to June 2008
Patients and Methods: one hundred cases, both male and female suffering from Acute Myocardial Infarction admitted within first 24 hours were selected for study. The inclusion criteria were age of 20 years and above myocardial infarction, confirmed by ECG and cardiac enzymes. History, clinical examination, and various investigations. were documented The type of arrhythmias, type of Myocardial infarction in relation to age, sex and their outcome was observed and recorded
Results: the age range of patients included in this study was between 20 to 80 years [mean 50 +/- 29.8 years]. The patients included 74 [74%] males and 26 [26%] females. Out of these, 64% patients developed arrhythmias during first 24 to 48 hours. Tachyarrhythmia's occurred in 42 [65%] cases and included supraventricular tachycardia in 12 [18.7%], premature contractions in 11 [18.7%], ventricular tachycardia in 10 [15.7%] and Junctional Tachycardia ii"] 3[4, 6%]. Brady arrhythmias were observed in 22 [35%] patients with complete heart block in 4[18%] cases, 1st and 2nd degree heart blocks in 6[27%], bundle branch blocks in 9 [4.06%] arid one [1 .5%] Sino-atrial. Block. Majority patients [80%] with anterolateral infarction, 75% with lateral. Wall infarction and 72% with inferior wall involvement developed arrhythmias of these cases of acute myocardial infarction that developed arrhythmias 16 [23.5% died
Conclusion: the study concludes that AMI involves dominantly males and 64% of patients developed arrhythmias with 1st 24 hours. Tachyarrhythmia were more common [65%] ·and mortality rate was 23.5% during first twenty four hours of AMI due to arrhythmias