Phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast genome of Tussilago farfara L / 药学学报

italic>Tussilago farfara L. is a perennial herb of Tussilago genus in the Compositae family. Its dried buds and leaves have good biological activities and have a long history of medicinal use in China and Europe. In this paper, we investigated the whole chloroplast genome characteristics, sequence duplication, structural variation and phylogeny of the Tussilago farfara L. After sequencing the Tussilago farfara L. chloroplast genome using Illumination technology, the complete Tussilago farfara L. chloroplast genome was further obtained by assembly and annotation, followed by a series of inverted repeat-large single copy/small single copy region contraction and expansion analysis, genome sequence variation, etc. The sequences of 13 homologous plants downloaded from NCBI were used to construct a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree. The results showed that the total GC content of the chloroplast genome was 37.4% and the length was 150 300 bp; 125 genes were annotated, including 82 protein-coding genes, 35 tRNAs and 8 rRNAs; 148 (simple sequence repeats, SSR) loci were detected, and the relative synonymous codon usage showed that 31 codons out of 64 codons had a usage of >1. In the phylogenetic analysis, the chloroplast genomes of the seven species of Asteraceae, including the Yulin Tussilago farfara L., were highly conserved, and the sequence variation of the (large single-copy, LSC) and (small single-copy, SSC) regions was higher than that of the (inverted repeat, IR) region. This is in general agreement with the reported phylogeny of Yulin Tussilago farfara L. In this study, we obtained a high quality chloroplast genome and analyzed its genome characteristics, codon preference, SSR characteristics, SC/IR boundary, sequence variation and phylogeny, which can provide a basis for species identification, genetic diversity analysis and resource development of this medicinal plant.

Research progress on the mechanism of epithelial mesenchymal transformation in RPE cells and the treatment of PVR / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#Proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR)is a serious complication arisen from ocular trauma, diabetic retinopathy, vascular retinopathy, inflammatory retinopathy and other ocular diseases. It is also the most important reason for the failure of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery, which is a great threat of visual function. A large number of studies have proved that the main risk factor for PVR is the damage of blood-retinal barrier, in which retinal pigment epithelial(RPE)cells are stimulated by cytokines in the vitreous cavity. RPE cells underwent epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT), which transformed into fibroblasts. The cell morphology changed, the tight junctions between cells disappeared, the cell polarity lost, and the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities were enhanced. A contractile fibrous proliferative membrane is formed on the anterior surface or under the retina. The fibrous proliferative membrane will lead to the retina folds, pull the retina and lead to retinal detachment, which will eventually lead to vision loss or even blindness. Nowadays, plenty of studies investigating the prevention and treatment of PVR have been carried out at home and abroad. In this review, we briefly illustrated the signaling pathways related to epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in RPE cells and the treatment of PVR.

Inhibitory Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Myelodysplastic Syndrome Cells and Its Mechanism / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the inhibitory effect of ascorbic acid single or combination of decitabine on tumor cells of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and explore its related mechanism.@*METHODS@#The human MDS cell lines SKM-1 and MUTZ-1 were treated with different concentrations of ascorbic acid, and the cell proliferation activity was detected by the CCK-8 assay. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, labile iron pool (LIP), cell cycle, and apoptosis of SKM-1 and MUTZ-1 cells were detected by flow cytometry. The control group, ascorbic acid monotherapy group, decitabine monotherapy group, and combination group of ascorbic acid and decitabine were set up, the cell proliferation activity and apoptosis were detected in each group.@*RESULTS@#High-dose ascorbic acid could reduce the cell proliferation activity of SKM-1 (R=0.886, p=0.000) and MUTZ-1 (R=0.880, p=0.000). With the increase of ascorbic acid concentration, the ROS level in SKM-1 and MUTZ-1 cells increased (r=0.816, r=0.942), the proportion of cells stagnation in G@*CONCLUSION@#High-dose ascorbic acid shows a cytotoxic effect on MDS tumor cells, inhibiting cell proliferation and increasing apoptosis. Ascorbic acid combined decitabine have a synergistic effect of anti-MDS tumor cells.

Recent progress of non-viral vector polyethylenimine in the application of gene delivery / 药学学报

In recent years, non-viral gene vectors have attracted great attention for efficient gene delivery due to the advantages, including low toxicity, low immunogenicity and simple preparation. Polyethylenimine (PEI) is one of the typical non-viral gene carriers that have been widely utilized for gene delivery owing to its superior capabilities in gene compression and buffering capacity. This article discusses the processes of gene delivery and the barriers of PEI-based carrier during the gene delivery, such as low biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, lack of specific targeting and insufficient gene release, etc. Therefore, we summarize the multiple approaches for the modifications of PEI in terms of improved biocompatibility, degradability, specific targeting and buffering capacity. Furthermore, we also review on the recent impressive progresses of smart stimuli-responsive PEI carriers, including endogenous stimuli (pH, reactive oxygen species, glutathione, biomolecular, etc), exogenous stimuli (light, temperature, magnetic field, etc) and dual-responsive strategies, which might provide guidance for the development of more efficient and safer non-viral gene vectors.

The association between the frequency of prenatal care in childbearing aged women and risk of small for gestational age among neonatal twins in Shaanxi Province / 中华预防医学杂志

To explore the association between the frequency of prenatal care in childbearing aged women and risk of small for gestational age (SGA) among neonatal twins in Shaanxi Province. From July to December 2013, a total of 30 027 childbearing aged women, who were pregnant from January 2010 to November 2013 and had definite outcomes, were selected from 30 districts (counties) of Shaanxi Province by using the multi-stage random sampling method. The questionnaires with a face-to-face survey method were used to retrospectively collect demographic information, pregnancy history, lifestyle during pregnancy, disease history, nutritional supplements, and health care during pregnancy. Information on the gestational age and birth weight of the newborn were obtained by consulting the medical certificate of birth and were registered as twin A and twin B by birth order. Finally, 356 childbearing aged women and their twin babies with complete data were included in the analysis. A generalized estimation equation model was used to analyze the association between the frequency of prenatal care and the risk of SGA among neonatal twins. The age of childbearing aged women was (27.44±4.68) years old, of which 79.49% (283 women) were rural residents and 44.38% (158 women) had seven or more times prenatal care. The gestational age and birth weight were (37.64±2.51) weeks and (2 510±497) g, respectively. The prevalence of SGA was 51.40% (183/356) for twin A and 53.37% (190/356) for twin B, respectively. The prevalence of SGA was 44.30% (70/158) for twin A with seven or more times prenatal care and 42.41% (67/158) for twin B with seven or more times prenatal care, which was lower than that for twins with less than seven times prenatal care, respectively [57.07% (113/198) and 62.12% (123/198)] ( values were 0.017 and <0.001). The results of generalized estimation equation model suggested that compared to those with less than seven times prenatal care, after adjusting for parity, birth order, place of residence, maternal age, occupation, education, family wealth index, passive smoking, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, folic acid, and iron supplement during perinatal period, and gender of the newborn, the (95) of risk of SGA among childbearing aged women with seven or more times prenatal care was 0.60 (0.40-0.91). Seven or more times prenatal care could reduce the risk of SGA among neonatal twins in Shanxi Province.

Treatment of crossing vessels in laparoscopic pyeloplasty / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the management of crossing vessels compression in laparoscopic pyeloplasty.@*METHODS@#From January 2016 to June 2018, a total of 21 patients who were admitted to Peking University People's Hospital with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) associated with crossing vascular compression were reviewed. There were 15 males and 6 females who formed this group, with a mean age of (33.9±15.0) years. There were 4 cases of mild hydronephrosis, 12 cases of moderate hydronephrosis and 5 cases of severe hydronephrosis before operation. All the patients underwent laparoscopic pyeloplasty in our hospital, including 13 on the left and 8 on the right. Laparoscopic pyeloplasty (Anderson-Hynes) were performed in all the patients. Hem-o-lok suspension (14 cases in the suspension group) or translocation of the crossing vessels (7 cases in the translocation group) were used for the intraoperative management of the crossing vessels. Double J tubes were removed 8 weeks postoperatively. The patient demographic data were collected (including operation time, treatment time of crossing vessels, intraoperative blood loss, time of drainage tube removal after operation, and average length of hospital stay), postoperative outcomes were evaluated and the patients were followed up regularly.@*RESULTS@#In all the patients, the crossing vessels were successfully reserved, and none of them were ligated intra-operatively. Mean operative times were (202.2±57.0) min. The duration of intraoperative treatment of crossing vessels was (10.5±3.2) min, (6.1±2.0) min in the suspension group, and (13.7±5.2) min in the translocation group, respectively. Intraoperative blood loss was (47.8±25.6) mL, postoperative drainage time was (4.8±2.6) d, and length of hospital stay was (11.5±3.3) d. Postoperative slight urinary leakage occurred in 1 case. Preoperative pyelectasis of the affected side of all the patients was (3.4±1.7) cm, compared with postoperative pyelectasis of (1.9±1.3) cm. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Postoperative follow-up of all the patients was carried out until December 2018. There was no significant difference in kidney size in all the patients before or after the operations, and hydronephrosis was alleviated compared with that before surgery.@*CONCLUSION@#For UPJO patients with crossing vascular compression, according to the location of the crossing vessels, Hem-o-lok suspension or vessel transposition can be adopted to relieve the crossing vascular compression and improve the success rate of the surgery.

Automated quantification of Ki-67 index associates with pathologic grade of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Classification of the pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) categories is a step-wise process identified by the presence of necrosis and number of mitoses per 2 mm. In neuroendocrine tumor pathology, Ki-67 was first described as a prognostic factor in the pancreas and incorporated into the grading system of digestive tract neuroendocrine neoplasms in the 2010 WHO classification. However, the significance of Ki-67 in pNETs was still a controversial issue. This study was to investigate the potentially diagnostic value of Ki-67 in pNETs.@*METHODS@#We retrieved 159 surgical specimens of pNETs, including 35 typical carcinoids (TCs), 2 atypical carcinoid (ACs), 28 large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNECs), 94 small-cell lung cancers (SCLCs). Manual conventional method (MCM) and computer-assisted image analysis method (CIAM) were used to calculate the Ki-67 proliferative index. In CIAM, 6 equivalent fields (500 × 500 μm) at 10× magnification were manually annotated for digital image analysis.@*RESULTS@#The Ki-67 index among the 4 groups with ranges of 0.38% to 12.66% for TC, 4.34% to 29.48% for AC, 30.67% to 93.74% for LCNEC, and 40.71% to 96.87% for SCLC. The cutoff value of Ki-67 index to distinguish low grade with high grade was 30.07%. For the univariate survival analyses in pNETs, both the overall survival and progression-free survival correlated with Ki-67 index. In addition, the Ki-67 index performed by CIAM was proved to be of great positive correlation with MCM.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Ki-67 index counted by CIAM is a reliable method and can be a useful adjunct to classify the low- and high-grade NETs.

A case of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm / 天津医药

@#Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematopoietic neoplasm with high malignancy and rapid progression. BPDCN is sensitive to chemotherapy, but it is prone to relapse and drug resistance, and the survival time is short. We report a case of BPDCN hospitalized in our department. In this case, the skin lesions were the first manifestation. The diagnosis of BPDCN was confirmed by the skin biopsy. Initially, this patient was sensitive to the lymphoma chemotherapy but the disease relapsed quickly, spreading to the lungs and mediastinum. Then, we treated the patient with myeloid regimen, which was no efficacy. The patient eventually died with an overall survival of 17 months.

Effects of phytosterol ester on amino acid profile of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high fat diet / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To explore the effects of phytosterol ester (PSE) on the hepatic steatosis and amino acid profile of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by high fat diet. Methods Thirty-one male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC group, n＝7), high fat diet group (HF group, n＝12) and PSE intervention group (PSE＋HF group, n＝12). The rats in the HF and PSE＋HF groups were fed with high-fat diet to establish the NAFLD rat model, and the rats in the PSE＋HF group were continuously intragastrically administered with PSE 0.5 g/kg for 12 weeks. The hepatic steatosis was evaluated with Oil Red O staining, and the serum amino acid profile was analyzed using automatic amino acid analyzer. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between amino acids and degree of liver steatosis. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was carried out using SIMCA-P 11.5 software. Results There was no significant difference in body mass of rats between the PSE＋HF group and HF group (P0.05). Moreover, there was no significant difference in food intake of rats between the NC, HF and PSE＋HF groups (P0.05). Compared with the HF group, the hepatic steatosis of rats was partly alleviated in the PSE＋HF group. The serum levels of essential amino acids, including isoleucine and leucine, and the non-essential amino acids, including cysteine, aspartate, glutamate and alanine, in the PSE＋HF group were increased by 17.25%, 12.42%, 41.47%, 15.61%, 17.87% and 16.07%, respectively, compared with the HF group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P0.05). The levels of serum NH3 and histidine were significantly decreased in the PSE＋HF group versus the HF group (both P0.05). PLS-DA analysis results showed that HF group and PSE＋HF group could be clustered respectively. Pearson correlation analysis results showed that the levels of histidine, proline and serum NH3 were positively correlated with the degree of hepatic steatosis (all P0.01); and tryptophan, phenylalanine, isoleucine, cysteine, glutamate and the related metabolites, ornithine, were negatively correlated with the degree of hepatic steatosis (all P0.05). Conclusion PSE can regulate the amino acid metabolic profile of rats with NAFLD induced by high fat diet.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes bone and cartilage regeneration / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a non-thermal and non-invasive mechanical stimulation, which has achieved certain curative efficacy on bone and cartilage defects. OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the effects and mechanisms of LIPUS in bone and cartilage regeneration process, and to review the related cellular signals and tissue regeneration mechanism involved in the current achievement of basic research and clinical application, thus providing theoretical basis for clinics. METHODS: The first author retrieved Cochrane Library, PubMed, CBM, CNKI and WanFang databases using compute for the articles addressing LIPUS promoting bone and cartilage regeneration published from January 1990 to February 2017. The keywords were "LIPUS, calcium, integrin, nitric, oxide, prostaglandin, BMP" in English and Chinese, respectively. The articles published in authoritative magazines or recently published were preferred, and finally 80 articles were selected for result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The basic research concerning LIPUS involves cellular mechanics and tissue engineering. Especially with the support of molecular biology, there has been a major breakthrough in promoting bone and cartilage regeneration. LIPUS can stimulate cells and tissues to produce mechanical signals by mechanical wave, lead to changes in cytokines in the signaling pathways, further accelerate blood supply and metabolism, and finally promote the regeneration of bone and cartilage. Therefore, LIPUS is an effective treatment method.

Expression and clinical pathological significance of the five types heavy chain of Ig protein in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the expression of the heavy chain of Ig protein, and observed it's value on differential diagnosis and significance on clinical pathological. Methods50 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were collected as experimental group, including 30 cases of MALToma, 10 cases of follicular lymphoma (FL), and 10 cases of plasmacytoma(PC), 10 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) were collected as control group. The expression of IgM, IgA, IgD, IgG and IgE were detected by immunohistochemistry in the two groups. Results The lower positive rates of IgM, IgA were observed in the experimental group, MALToma, PC, and the lower positive rates of IgG, IgA were observed in FL (P＜ 0.05 ). The positive rate and expression intensity of IgM showed a rising trend (P＜ 0.05), and the positive rate of IgG show a downward trend (P＞0.05) in FL, MALToma, PC. There were three patterns of the heavy chain expression in the two groups: a single type expression, all negative expression, and a various type expression. The positive rates of a single type/ all negative heavy chain expression were 86.7％, 60％, 80％, 0 respectively in MALToma, FL, PC and RLH, the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05 ). The positive rate of IgG was related to the type of tumor cells in MALToma(P＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion The expressions of IgM and IgG show a contrast trend in FL, MALToma, PC, and support that the most of MALToma and PC which come from postgerminal center experience class switch recombination, and frequently express a single IgG. A single type/all negative heavy chain expression is a frequent event in the MALToma, and it's helpful to the differential diagnosis of MALToma and RLH.

Preparation of silymarin solid dispersions and dissolution rates of five constituents / 中成药

AIM To prepare silymarin solid dispersions and to evaluate the dissolution rates of five constituents.METHODS Taking F68 and PVPk30 as a combined carrier,the solid dispersions were prepared by solvent fusion method.Then the effects of combined carrier ratio and drug-carrier ratio on dissolution rates of silybin,isosilybin,silydianin,silycristin and taxifolin were investigated.RESULTS The optimal conditions were determined to be 1 ∶ 3 for combined carrier ratio,and 1 ∶ 5 for drug-carrier ratio.These five constituents displayed much higher dissolution rates in solid dispersions than those in raw medicine and physical mixture (silymarin-carrier).CONCLUSION Solid dispersions can significantly increase the dissolution rates of effective components in silymarin.

Preparation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in different pore size and its use in the solidification of sirolimus loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system / 药学学报

The mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) in different pore size and sirolimus (SRL) loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) were prepared. The results in morphology were collected by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, small-angle X-ray diffraction, and N2 adsorption-desorption. The results showed that the prepared MSN has ordered nanochannels with a pore size of 6.3, 8.1, 10.8 nm, respectively. The particle size of SRL-SMEDDS were measured by particle sizing system, which was 20.6±1.3 nm. The stirring method was developed to prepare SRL-SMEDDS-MSN. It was found that the optimal ratio of SRL-SMEDDS to MSN was 2:1, while the drug loading rate was near 0.83%, and the flow properties of SRL-SMEDDS-MSN were of good condition. The differential scanning calorimetry results proving a molecular or amorphous dispersed state of SRL in MSN while the suspension experiment has shown great reconstitution properties of SRL-SMEDDS-MSN. There is no significant influence on maximum drug release rate of different pore size of SRL-SMEDDS-MSN in 250 mL water within 2 h, while the results of the first 40 min have an obvious difference. Above all, MSN might provide a new strategy for the solidification of SMEDDS.

Development of multifunctional medical flowmeter / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To fulfill the precise control of the liquid flow by a multifunctional medical flowmeter. Methods The flowmeter had a separated structure, and was composed of a liquid pipeline unit and a flow control unit. The flow control unit apprehended a velocity of liquid level changes in the sterile pipeline by ultrasonic sensing technique, and regulated fluid speed by a SCM-controlled electromagnetic valve. Results The requirements for sterile environment were fulfilled by the sterile liquid pipeline, and the flow control unit realized precision control of flow rate and achieved the expected effect. Conclusion The flowmeter has simple structure, low cost, convenient operation and use, can greatly reduce the workload of the nursing staff and the possible health risks, and thus is worthy promoting practically.

Gelatin/alginate hydrogel scaffolds prepared by 3D bioprinting promotes cell adhesion and proliferation of human dental pulp cells in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the cytotoxicity of gelatin/alginate hydrogel scaffolds prepared by 3D bioprinting in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) and compare the cell adhesion and proliferation of the cells seeded in the biomaterial using two different methods.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HDPCs isolated by tissue block culture and enzyme digestion were cultured and passaged. Gelatin/alginate hydrogel scaffolds were printed using a bioplotter, and the cytotoxicity of the aqueous extracts of the scaffold material was tested in the third passage of HDPCs using cell counting kit-8. Scanning electron microscopy and trypan blue were used to assess the adhesion and proliferation of the cells seeded in the scaffold material at a low or high concentration.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The aqueous extract of the scaffolds at different concentrations showed no obvious cytotoxicity and promoted the proliferation of HDPCs. The scaffolds had a good biocompatibility and HDPCs seeded in the scaffold showed good cell growth. Cell seeding at a high concentration in the scaffold better promoted the adhesion of HDPCs and resulted in a greater cell number on the scaffold surface compared with low-concentration cell seeding after a 5-day culture (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gelatin<alginate hydrogel scaffolds prepared by 3D bioprinting has a good biocompatibility and promotes the proliferation of HDPCs, and can be used as a scaffold material for tooth regeneration. Cell seeding at a high concentration can better promote cell adhesion to the scaffold material.</p>

Study on morphological and functional changes of mouse retina induced by NalO3 / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Abstract?AIM: To characterize the effects of sodium iodate on mouse retinal morphology and function.?METHODS: Sodium iodate at 35mg/kg ( body weight) was administered by tail vein injection into adult 6-8wk C57BL/6J mice. Morphological and functional changes of the retina were assessed at 6h, 1, 3, 5 and 8d after injections by fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography (OCT), ERG and histology. Mice in control group were give tail vein injection of equivalent dose of normal saline. All the eyeballs were removed for paraffin section and H-E staining.?RESULTS: The fundus photographs images at 6h after injection showed obvious changes, which were light red in retina and showed retinal blood vessels radial arranged. At 6h after injection, off-white drusen-like change was found at fundus. While there were no observable changes in OCT image and ERG. At 1d after injection, the fundus lesion aggravated and the drusen increased gradually. There were retinal pigment epithelial ( RPE) disorders, photoreceptors and outer nuclear layer (ONL) damage through OCT. At 3d after injection, the retina lesion aggravated further and the retina became edema. At 5d after injection, the retina edema cleared away, the optic nerve became white and the fundus lesions increased. At 8d after injection, the RPE layer, photoreceptors and ONL were destroyed obviously. In the process, ERG showed the amplitudes of a- and b-wave decreased in a time-dependent manner. H-E staining showed that cells in retina of mice in control group were neatly arranged and well- distributed. The outer layer retina of sodium iodate injection group was wave-like, the normal structure of RPE disappeared and black round sediment could be seen which increased with time. At 8d after injection, there were any normal RPE.?CONCLUSION: The tail vein injection of sodium iodate can well simulate the pathogenesis of age - related macular degeneration which can provide a good animal model for AMD.

Predictive value of apolipoprotein for coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic non-diabetic population / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the potential correlation between apolipoprotein (Apo) levels and coronary atherosclerosis and investigate its predictive value for coronary artery lesions in asymptomatic population without diabetes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We performed a retrospective analysis of data collected from 401 asymptomatic patients who took health check-ups. They were divided into atherosclerosis group (n=224)and control group (n=177) based on the outcome of CT angiography and blood biochemical findings. The risk factors, lipid profiles, and Apo levels were compared between these two groups. The best biochemical indicators for predicting the coronary atherosclerosis were explored.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of ApoB, ApoC2,ApoC3,and ApoE and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio were significantly higher in the atherosclerosis group than in the control group (all P<0.01), whereas the ApoA1,ApoA2, and lipoprotein a levels showed no such significant difference (all P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, male, hypertension,ApoC3(OR=1.572,95%CI 1.200-2.061) and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio (OR=1.767,95% CI 1.335-2.338) were independently correlated with coronary atherosclerosis (all P<0.01). In the prediction of the presence of plaque, ApoB had the largest area under curves, and the optimal cutoff point was 1.005 g/L.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ApoC3 is closely associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis,while the decrease of ApoA1 level is not obvious during this period. Compared with other lipid indicators, ApoB is the strongest predictor for coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic non-diabetic population.</p>

Correlation of creatine kinase with patency of stents using coronary computed tomography angiography / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the potential correlation between creatine kinase and the long-term patency of coronary drug eluting stents.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 74 patients who had undergone coronary computed tomography angiography after drug eluting stents implantation were retrospecpectively analyzed. Based on the computed tomography angiography findings,these patients were divided into patency group and non-patency group. The mean follow-up time was (20.5 ± 13.1) months. The serum levels of creatine kinase and creatine kinase isoenzyme were measured to determine the relationship of stent patency with these oxidative-related biomarkers after long-term follow-up. The T test or non-parametric test was adopted to compare the intergroup difference of measurement data,whereas chi-square test was conducted to test the difference of enumeration data. Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the biochemical indexes and clinical information. Only variables with a P value of less than 0.05 in the univariable analyses entered the multivariate Logistic regression model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Patients in the non-patency group had significantly higher serum creatine kinase level compared with patients in patency group [(115.5 ± 51.5)U/L vs.(75.9 ± 29.4)U/L, P=0.012] and significantly higher level of creatine kinase isoenzyme [(3.5 ± 5.3)U/L vs.(1.7 ± 1.3)U/L,P=0.034]. Furthermore,the Logistic analysis showed that serum creatine kinase level (odds ratio=1.573,95% CI=1.022-2.421, P=0.039)was an independent predictor of stent patency.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Creatine kinase is an independent risk factor associated with stent non-patency.</p>

Value of coronary computed tomography angiography in ruling out coronary artery disease before intermediate- and high-risk non-cardiac surgery / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the value of preoperative coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) in the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients planned to undergo non-cardiac surgery at intermediate or high risk to avoid unnecessary invasive coronary angiography (ICA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study protocol was approved by our institutional review board and informed consent was given. In this prospective study, 157 consecutive patients who underwent CCTA before undergoing non-cardiac surgery at intermediate or high risk was involved. The non-cardiac surgery included high-risk surgery (17 patients) and intermediate-risk surgery (140 patients). Follow-up was performed in 6-11 months to define cardiac events described as acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or death secondary to ASC, arrhythmias, cardiac revascularization, or cardiac failure. χ(2) test was performed to compare the differences in incidence of cardiac events among patients who had undergone or who had not undergone preoperative ICA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CCTA was of diagnostic value in 145 of 157 patients. Thirty-seven of 145 had no CAD, and 88 of 145 had no significant CAD (<50% stenosis), and non-cardiac surgery was performed in them without preoperative ICA. No patients in those patients had postoperative ischemic events at follow-up; 20 had significant CAD (≥50% stenosis) and underwent surgery after preoperative ICA. CCTA was non-diagnostic in 12 patients who were referred for preoperative ICA, and 4 of 12 underwent surgery after PCI or CABG. There were no differences in cardiac events between patients who had undergone preoperative ICA and those who had not (P=0.45).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In patients with planned non-cardiac surgery at medium or high risk of cardiovascular events, preoperative CCTA is an effective diagnostic tool for detecting CAD. Preoperative ICA can be safely avoided in patients with normal findings or with stenosis<50% in CCTA.</p>

Clinical value of double respiratory navigator-gated high-resolution black-blood coronary artery wall magnetic resonance imaging / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the value of phase ordering with automatic window selection(PAWS)and simultaneous multiple volume(SMV)algorithm double respiratory navigator-gated two-dimensional(2DNAV)dual inversion recovery(DIR)fast spin echo(FSE)high-resolution black-blood coronary artery wall magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and evaluate its advantages and limitations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PAWS and SMV 2DNAV DIR FSE high-resolution black-blood MRI was performed in 21 healthy volunteers. The images were evaluated qualitatively by using four grades(grade 0can not evaluate;grade 1bad;grade 2good;grade 3perfect). Images defined as grade 0 and grade 1 were excluded and those defined as grade 2 and 3 were evaluated further. Thickness of proximal(or middle)segment of right coronary artery(RCA)and left anterior descending branch(LAD)were measured. The difference of wall thickness was analyzed by using two-tailed independent sample t-test. P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 38 slice images,31 slices(RCA13 slices,LAD18 slices;grade 214 slices,grade 317 slices)were obtained for further evaluation. The mean thickness of RCA and LAD was(0.94±0.16)and(0.89±0.15)mm,respectively,and the difference was not significant(t=-0.790,P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PAWS and SMV algorithm 2DNAV DIR FSE high-resolution black-blood MRI has certain clinical value for coronary artery wall imaging.</p>