Variation of ocular biometric parameters and their relationships in cataract patients with over-long axial length before and after phacoemulsification / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To study the variation of ocular biometric parameters and their relationship before and after phacoemulsification in cataract patients with over-long axial length.<p>METHODS:A total of 44 cases(61 eyes)were collected from September 2013 to March 2015 in Xuanwu Hospital which had underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens(IOL)implantation. The study contained 29 eyes of 20 patients with over-long axial length and 32 eyes of 24 patients with normal axial length. Before cataract surgery, the optical biometric measurements had been measured by IOL Master. And 3mo after surgery, the ocular biometric parameters had been recorded by IOL Master and ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM). The changes and correlation of biometric parameters was performed using the SPSS software(version 17.0).<p>RESULTS: Pearson correlation analysis showed there was no correlation between postoperative anterior chamber depth and age, preoperative axial length, or preoperative corneal curvature in over-long axial length group(<i>P</i>>0.05). There was a positive correlation between the postoperative anterior chamber depth and the preoperative anterior chamber depth(<i>r</i>=0.402, <i>P</i>=0.031). Compared with the preoperative biometric parameters in over-long axial length group, axial length shortened, corneal curvature increased, anterior chamber depth deepened after surgery, and the difference was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). However, in the normal axial control group there was no correlation between the postoperative anterior chamber depth and age, preoperative axial length, or preoperative anterior chamber depth(<i>P</i>>0.05). There was a positive correlation between the postoperative anterior chamber depth and the preoperative corneal curvature(<i>r</i>=0.538, <i>P</i>=0.001). And in normal axial control group, the axial length was significantly shorter than that before surgery(<i>P</i><0.05). The anterior chamber depth was significantly increased compared with the preoperative(<i>P</i><0.05), and the corneal curvature was unchanged(<i>P</i>>0.05). The percent change of corneal curvature was statistically significant between two groups(<i>P</i><0.05), and the percent change of corneal curvature in over-long axial length group was bigger than normal axial length group. There was no significant difference in the percent change of axial length and anterior chamber depth(<i>P</i>>0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: In cataract patients with over- long axial length, postoperative axial length shortened, and postoperative corneal curvature increased. A certain number of degrees should be added when calculating the degree of intraocular lens in order to obtain better postoperative visual acuity. The prediction of postoperative anterior chamber depth in cataract patients with over-long axial length has complexity and unpredictability of individual differences, and requires further research.

New study on species of Chinese medicine dragon's blood / 中国中药杂志

Through comprehensive study on the descriptions of dragon's blood in traditional medical books, we pointed out that before Tang Dynasty, Butea monosperma was used as dragon's blood; during Tang and Song Dynasty, Liquidambar formosana. was used as dragon's blood; in Commentaries on the illustrations of Song Dynasty, the author made a mistake by combined the descriptions of Butea monosperma with the descriptions of the prepared medicine of Dracaena cochinchinensis in dragon's blood, and thus the oversea species D. cochinchinensis became the mainstream of dragon's blood source in homeland. Until the foundation of the Republic of China, Daemonorops draco replaced D. cochinchinensis to the main source of dragon's blood.

Achievement of Qimin Yaoshu in area of herbalogical textual research / 中国中药杂志

The achievement of Qimin Yaoshu in the area of herbalogical textual research was illustrated in this paper. Qimin Yaoshu quoted and keeped many contents from ancient agriculture books related in herbalogical literature. It also recorded the information of lots of tropical and subtropical plants. The author bringed forwarded many experiences indistinguishing plants and clarified some long last confused or wrong opinions. The studying philosophy and methods of the authors gave us much enlightenment in our herbalogical textual research. It should be taken into account when the herbalogical textual research was carried out.

Herbalogical textual research of Wuyi / 中国中药杂志

Wuyi is one of the Chinese medicine recorded in Shennong's Herbal Classic and many other herbal books during the long history period. Up to now, Wuyi is still an important medicine used for insecticidal and removing food retention. Recent researches indicated that Wuyi also had the function of anti-malaria and treating herpetic simplex keratitis. Therefore, Wuyi had notable value on clinic and development of new medicine. The herbalogical textual research on Wuyi was conducted through investigation of the literature of materia medica during the long historical period from Han Dynasty. It was demonstrated by this work that the original plants of Wuyi include Ulmus macrocarpa Hance and Hemiptelea davidii (Hance) Planch, in which, U. macrocarpa was the quality specie. U. pumila was the false specie which cause confusing. The medicine Wuyi was the processed product made from the nutlet of the plants through fermentation with other additive agents.

Achievement of Nongzheng Quanshu in area of herbalogical textual research / 中国中药杂志

The achievement of Nongzheng Quanshu in area of herhalogical textual research was illustrated in this paper. Nongzheng Quanshu recorded the information of 159 kinds of cultivated plants and 473 kinds of wild plants. It also quoted many contents from lots of ancient agriculture hooks related in herbalogical literature. Many agriculture researchers were encouraged to have done much work in area of herhalogical textual research It also included the materia medica hook Jiuhuang Bencao and Yecaipu therein and promoted their delivery.

Preliminary investigation into the allergic rhinitis complicated with acute bacterial sinusitis in mice / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a mouse model of bacterial rhinosinusitis superposed on allergic rhinitis (AR), and to explore whether ongoing allergic rhinitis enhance the acute sinus infection and inflammation associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fourty mice of C57BL6/J were randomly divided on average into 4 groups: A [ovalbumin (OVA) + SP], B [OVA + normal saline (NS)], C [phosphate buffered solution (PBS) + SP] and D (PBS + NS). (1) Group A and B were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection with 200 microl (10%) OVA on days 1 through 9, and exposed to OVA (6%) intranasally on days 10 through 17, to induce allergic inflammation. OVA was replaced with PBS in group C and D in the same way. (2) Subsequently, group A and C were inoculated with SP intranasally on day 13, and NS was used in group B and D. On the 6th day after inoculation, mice were killed. Blood was collected from the orbital venous sinus after anesthesia. The heads were embedded with paraffin and serial sections were followed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue (0.5%) for histological analysis and inflammation cells count. The number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and eosinophils (EOS) per square millimeter of sinus mucosa were calculated by using a computer-aided special software under microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>AR models were successfully established in 9 mice from group A and 8 from group B. Histologic examination of the sinus from group A and B revealed significant mucosal edema and dilated venules. The symptoms were mild in group C, and no symptom was observed in group D. PMN (x +/- s) in group A (139.3 +/- 26.5)/mm2 was significantly higher than that in group B (70.7 +/- 16.7)/mm2, C (63.0 +/- 14.7)/mm2 and D (40.2 +/- 14.1)/mm2 respectively (P < 0.01); EOS and serous IL-5 level in group A (134.6 +/- 25.5)/mm2, (48.2 +/- 13.9) pg/ml and B (116.2 +/- 25.2)/mm2, (40.8 +/- 7.8) pg/ml, were higher than that in group C (16.7 +/- 2.7)/mm2, (23.9 +/- 8.7) pg/ml (P < 0.05) and D (13.4 +/- 4.9)/mm2, (24.6 +/- 6.5) pg/ml (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The data demonstrate that an ongoing local allergic response augments bacterial infection in mice, and allergic sensitization alone without SP does not induce the sinus infection.</p>

Differential gene expression profile in seasonal allergic rhinitis with and without asthma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen the differential expression gene profile in nasal mucosa of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and SAR with asthma, oligonucleotide microarray (Affymetrix HG-U133-plus2) was employed to analyze the changes of gene expressions with GeneSpring software.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Inferior turbinate mucosa was obtained from five SAR patients and four SAR with asthma patients. Total RNA was extracted from the nasal mucosal biopsies and pooled into one SAR control pool and one SAR with asthma patient pool, and biotin-labeled cRNA probes were hybridized with Affymetrix HG-U133-plus2 array. The hybridization results were confirmed by RT-PCR analysis. The analysis of differential expression profiles were performed by GeneSpring software 7.3.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Out of 47,000 analysed transcripts, 1,900 genes were differentially expressed at least 2-fold in which 849 genes were up-regulated and 1,051 genes were down-regulated in nasal mucosa of SAR with asthma patients compared with that in SAR patients. These genes were involved in cell metabolism, gene transcription, cell proliferation, signal transduction, immune response, enzyme activity, transmembrane receptor activity, cytoskeletal protein binding, and many other aspects. Pathway analysis displayed 161 groups, of which including more than 20 genes were as follow: cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, focal adhesion, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), regulation of actin cytoskeleton, cell communication, gap junction, MAPK signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and purine metabolism.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The data suggested that multigentic expression and regulation changes were involved in the development of SAR and SAR complicated with asthma, whose molecular mechanisms might be elucidated by identification of these differential genes.</p>