Acupuncture improves hepatic lipid metabolism by suppressing oxidative stress in obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease rats / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of acupuncture of "Daimai"(GB26) on abdominal fat accumulation, lipid metabolism and hepatic oxidative stress in abdominal obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats. METHODS: male SD rats were divided into 3 groups: normal diet (normal, n＝8), high fat diet control (model) and acupuncture (n＝8/group in the latter 2 groups). The abdominal obese NAFLD model was established by feeding the rats with high fat diet for 12 weeks. EA (2 Hz/15 Hz, 1.5 mA) was applied to bilateral GB26 for 20 min, once every other day for 8 weeks. Rats of the model group were also restrained for 20 min as those in the EA group. The body mass and abdominal circumference were measured weekly, the isolated adipose tissues around the bilateral kidney and epididymis and the fresh liver were weighed. The contents of serum cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), alanine transaminase (ALT), glutamic oxaloacetic aminotransferase (AST) were detected by using an automatic biochemical analyzer. The abdominal visceral fat distribution was acquired by CT scanning. The oxidative stress indexes of the homogenated liver tissues, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) was assayed using sodium thiobarbital (TBA) method, and the activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were assayed by using hydroxylamine method and colorimetric method respectively. The histopathological changes of the liver were observed after staining with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). RESULTS: Following modeling, the body mass and waist circumference, visceral fat weight of bilateral kidneys and testis (visceral fat weight), liver weight, serum ALT, AST, TG and TC and liver MDA contents, were significantly higher in the model group (P<0.001，P<0.05), while hepatic T-SOD and GSH-PX activity was considerably lower in the model group than those in the normal group (P<0.001). After acupuncture intervention, the levels of all the above-mentioned indexes (modeling induced both increase and decrease) were reversed relevant to the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The results of CT scanning showed that the fat accumulation area in the abdomen was 8.67 cm2, 18.51 cm2 and 13.75 cm2 in the normal, model and acupuncture groups, respectively, presenting a decrease after acupuncture. H．E. staining displayed that the degree of hepatic steatosis (including vague hepatic lobule boundary, disordered arrangement of hepatic cord, hepatocellular swelling, diffuse fatty degeneration, unequal-sized lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, nucleus excursion and dissolution after modeling) was improved after acupuncture. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture can reduce body weight and abdominal fat accumulation in abdominal obese NAFLD rats, which may be related to its effects in inhibiting oxidative stress (lowering MDA level and increasing the activity of T-SOD and GSH-PX) and improving hepatic lipid metabolism.

Impact of electroacupuncture on liver lipid metabolism and hepatic Sirt1 and PPARγ expression in abdominal obese rats / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To observe the impact of electroacupuncture (EA) on liver lipid metabolism and expression of hepatic sirtuin 1(Sirt1) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ(PPARγ) of abdominal obese rats induced by high-fat diet. METHODS: Eighteen male SD rats were divided into blank control, model and EA groups (n＝6 per group). The abdominal obesity model was established by feeding the rats with high-fat diet for 12 weeks. EA (2 Hz/15 Hz, 1.5 mA) was applied to bilateral "Daimai"(GB26) for 20 min every time, once every other day for 8 weeks. Rats of the model group were also restrained for 20 min. The body mass and abdominal circumference were measured every week, and the contents of serum cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected by using an automated biochemical analyzer. Histopathological changes of the liver tissues were observed under microscope after oil red "O" staining. The expression of hepatic Sirt1 and PPARγ mRNAs and proteins were detected using quantitative real time PCR and Western blot, separately. RESULTS: After modeling, the body weight and abdominal circumference, and serum TC, TG, ALT and AST contents, and expression of hepatic PPARγ mRNA and protein were significantly increased (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05), and the expression levels of hepatic Sirt1 mRNA and protein obviously down-regulated (P<0.05, P<0.01) in the model group. Following EA intervention, the increased body weight and abdominal circumference, and serum TC, TG, ALT and AST contents, and hepatic PPARγ mRNA and protein expression were remarkably suppressed (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the decreased hepatic Sirt1 mRNA and protein were remarkably up-regulated (P<0.001，P<0.05). The lipid droplets in hepatocytes were reduced in the EA group relevant to the model group. CONCLUSION: EA intervention can significantly improve the liver lipid metabolism of abdominal obese rats, which is possibly related with its effect in up-regulating the expression of hepatic Sirt1 mRNA and protein, and in down-regulating the expression of hepatic PPARγ mRNA and protein.

Bioinformatics Screening of Key Genes and Candidate Therapeutic Drugs of Osteoarthritis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To explore the key genes and potential therapeutic drugs for osteoarthritis (OA) by bioinformatics.Method: The microarray data GSE55235 was downloaded from the data platform of gene expression omnibus (GEO) and the differentially expressed genes were screened by R language software (3.5.0).Then,the differentially expressed genes were subjected to gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway analysis with David online database.The protein-protein interaction was analyzed by String 10.5 online database and visual editing was analyzed by Cytoscape v3.6.1 software.Subnetwork module analysis was utilized by MCODE plugin to screen the core genes in the process of OA.Finally,small molecule drugs with potential treatment for OA were analyzed by connectivity map (CMap) database.Result: A total of 556 differentially expressed genes were screened,among which 252 were up-regulated and 304 were down-regulated.These genes were mainly involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization,inflammatory response,cell adhesion,immune response,collagen binding,etc.The analysis of KEGG pathway showed that differential genes were mainly involved in ECM-receptor interaction,phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway and osteoclast differentiation.Some genes,such as interleukin-6(IL-6),JUN,vascular endothelial growth factor α(VEGFA),FOS,MYC and early growth response gene-1(EGR-1),activating transcription factor-3(ATF-3),playing critical role in the process of OA were identified by protein-protein interaction.Some potential small molecular drugs for the treatment of OA have also been screened,such as lycorine and anisomycin.Conclusion: The selected key genes may be targets for the diagnosis of OA or potential targets for the treatment of OA,and the selected small molecular drugs can be developed as the key drugs for the treatment of OA.

Effect of Human Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Proliferation and Differentiation of Leukemia Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(HUC-MSC) on the proliferation and differentiation of NB4 treated with all-trans retinoid acid (ATRA) and its underlining mechanisms .</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from umbilical cord of newborns. Co-culture system was established by HUC-MSC and NB4 in vitro. The experiment was divided into 4 groups: NB4 group (NB4 cells alone) , NM group (NB4 cells co-cultured with HUC-MSC) , NA group (NB4 cells treated with ATRA) , NMA group (NB4 cells co-cultured with HUC-MSC and treated with ATRA) . NB4 cells were counted by a microscopy, NB4 proliferation was monitored by CCK-8 assay, NB4 differentiation was assessed by Wright ' s staining and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test. IL-6 levels in the culture supernatant of different groups were tested by ELISA kit. Quantitative PCR was used to detect the transcription level of CDKN1A, CCND1 and Survivin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NB4 and HUC-MSC in the co-culturing systems were in good condition with a slight repression of NB4 proliferation by HUC-MSC. HUC-MSC could collaborate with ATRA to induce significant NB4 differentiation. Consistent with this finding, IL-6 expression levels of co-cultured groups were remarkably higher than that in any other groups or the group of HUC-MSC alone. The quantitative PCR analysis showed that the levels of CDKN1A and CCND1 mRNA expression were increased or decreased respectively in the co-cultured groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HUC-MSC co-culture can reduce proliferation but promote the differentiation of NB4 cells, suggesting that this effect may be closely related with the secretion of IL-6 which can affect the expression of some factors in vitro.</p>

Attenuation mechanism of gamboges during processing based on inflammatory toxicity and AQP3, AQP4 protein and mRNA expressions in rat gastric and duodenal tissues / 中国中药杂志

To expand the clinical application of gamboges, it is necessary to study crude gamboges' toxicity after oral administration and attenuation mechanism during processing. In this study, crude gamboges' toxicity was judged by multiple assays, including inflammatory mediums [such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6)] released by macrophage RAW264.7, and pathological manifestations of rat stomach and duodenal tissues after oral administration with crude and processed gamboges. The attenuation mechanism during processing was studied by detecting AQP3, AQP4 protein and mRNA expression in rat gastric and duodenal tissues using immunohistochemical assay and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technique. According to the results, crude gamboges group showed promotion in release of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 by macrophage RAW264.7 in a dose-dependent manner; Compared with crude gamboges group, processed gamboges group showed reduction in release of NO and IL-6, with increase in TNF-α. Crude gamboges could cause rat diarrhea, white blood cells increase, lymphocytes decrease, hyperemia and edema in rat gastric mucosa, duodenal mucosal necrosis and inflammatory cells infiltration. All of these results proved that gamboges had the inflammatory toxicity in gastric and duodenal tissues after oral administration in a dose-dependent manner, which however reduced after processing. In addition to the inflammatory toxicity, the mRNA and protein expressions of aquaporin 3 (AQP3), aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in gastric and duodenal tissues of high-dose crude gamboges group were increased significantly (P<0.05), while the protein and mRNA expressions of AQP3, AQP4 were weakened in processed gamboges group. The results showed that AQP3, AQP4 protein and mRNA expressions were positively correlated with the inflammatory toxicity. In conclusion, down-regulation of AQP3, AQP4 protein and mRNA expressions may be one of attenuation mechanisms in processing gamboges.

Comparison of Several Optimization Schemes for the Induction and Expansion of Antibody-Mediated High Efficiency CIK (AMHE-CIK) In Vitro / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare several schemes of inducing and expanding the antibody-mediated high efficiency CIK (AMHE-CIK) in vitro, so as to find out a method that can acquire a large number of cells capable to kill the tumor cells in a short time.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from healthy volunteers was isolated and activated with CD3 antibody, then were cultured with the addition of different cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α) for 14 days in vitro. The morphological changes of cells were observed by light microscopy. Based on the immunophenotypes of cells in each groups analyzed by flow cytometry, the cytokines capable to induce the dendritic cells and killer cells were screened out, respectively. According to different combination of cytokines, the cells were divided 4 groups: control, IL-2, group 1 (componant A included IL-2, IL-4, and GM-CSF. Componant B included IL-2, G-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), and group 2 (componant A included IL-2, IL-4, and GM-CSF. Componant B included IL-2, IL-4, G-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNF-α). The proliferation and differentiation of CD3(+) CD8(+) and CD3(+) CD56(+) cells were measured by flow cytometry after culture in vitro for 7 days.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After inducing and expanding in vitro for 7 days, the cell proliferation rate of control group, IL-2 group, group 1 and group 2 were 1.57 ± 0.01, 4.17 ± 0.16, 5 ± 0.47, 7.17 ± 0.24-folds, respectively. The differences between IL-2 group, group 1, group 2 and control group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The immunophenotype analysis showed that the proportion of CD3(+) CD8(+) induced by each protocol was 13.96 ± 0.23%, 26.33 ± 0.55%, 36.83 ± 0.34% and 35.88 ± 0.16%, respectively. The proportion of CD3(+) CD8(+) in group 1 and 2 was higher than that in IL-2 group (P < 0.05), but the difference between them was not significant (P < 0.05). The proportions of CD3(+) CD56(+) induced by each protocol were 11.03 ± 0.28%, 29.31 ± 0.60%, 39.96 ± 0.38% and 29.33 ± 0.54%, respectively, the proportion of group 1 was higher than that of IL-2 group and group 2 (P < 0.05), but the difference between IL-2 group and group 2 was not significant (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The group 1 protocol obtained from this study can promote the proliferation of DC-CIK and also increase the proportion of the tumor killing cells (CD3(+) CD8(+) and CD3(+) CD56(+)).</p>

Regulatory effects of hydrogen sulfide on alveolar epithelial cell endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats with acute lung injury / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

@#BACKGROUND: The present study was undertaken to examine the regulatory effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on endoplasmic reticulum stress in alveolar epithelial cells of rats with acute lung injury (ALI) induced by oleic acid (OA). METHODS: Seventy-two male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into control group, oleic acid-induced ALI group (OA group), oleic acid-induced ALI with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) pretreatment group (OA+NaHS group), and sodium hydrosulfide treatment group (NaHS group). Rats of each group were further subdivided into 3 subgroups. Index of quantitative assessment of histological lung injury (IQA), wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) and H2S level of lung tissues were measured. The expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers including glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and α-subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2 (elF2α) in lung tissues were measured by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. RESULTS: The IQA score and W/D ratio of lung tissues at the three time points significantly increased in rats injected with OA, but significantly decreased in other rats injected with OA and NaHS. The level of H2S in lung tissue at the three time points significantly decreased in rats injected with OA, but significantly increased in other rats injected with both OA and NaHS. GRP78 and elF2αdecreased in rats injected with OA, but increased in other rats injected with both OA and NaHS, especially at 4-hour and 6-hour time points. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that H2S could promote alveolar epithelial cell endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats with ALI.

Clinical significance of Helicobacter pylori in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to investigate the clinic significance of helicobacter pylori (HP) in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The infection of HP in 92 ITP children was determined by (13) C-Urea Breath Test, the same test was also performed on 66 healthy children. The 68 children infected with HP were randomly divided into 2 groups: single drug group treated only with corticosteroid and; combined drug group treated with corticosteroid and anti-helicobacter pylori treatment. The results showed that 68 patients infected with HP were found in 92 ITP children (74.7%), 26 patients infected with HP were observed in 66 healthy children (39.4%), which was lower than that in ITP children (74.7%, P < 0.05). After anti-helicobacter pylori therapy, the total effective rate and cure rate of ITP patients increased respectively from 73.5% to 94.1%, and the total recurrence rate (17.0%) was much lower than single drug group (47.1%, P < 0.05). Otherwise, after therapy the platelet count in both two groups increased continuously, and at the same time point, the platelet count in anti-helicobacter pylori group was higher than that in the single drug group (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the ITP children have a higher infection rate of HP, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of ITP. Anti-helicobacter pylori therapy would help to improve the therapeutic efficacy and reduce the recurrence of ITP children.

The effects of myopic anisometropia on binocular vision function / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Nomal binocular vision is achieved through accommodation and vergence.Anisometropia is associated with abnormal visual development,but its impact on accommodation and vergence is unknown.This study is helpful to make a reaonable correction plan for anisometropia.Objective This clinical study was to examine the binocular vision function in myopic anisometropia and evaluate the influence of myopic anisometropia on binocular vision function.Methods Seventy subjects with myopic anisometropia ≥ 1.0 D were recruited in Tianjin Eye Hospital and Tianjin Vocational Institute from 2006 to 2009.The subjects were assigned to the low anisometropia group with the 1.0 D ≤ spherical equivalent difference ＜ 2.5 D and the moderate and high anisometropia group with spherical equivalent difference ≥2.5D,and other 35 individuals with spherical equivalent difference ＜ 1.0 D were enrolled as the without anisometropia group.Binocular vision function parameters were examined in all the individuals,including comprehensive refractometer to check the diopter,Worth 4 dot to examine the binocular vision function,different distance of vertical fusional amplitudes,accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) and stereoscopic vision.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to the study.Results After anisometropia was completely corrected,the normal rate of Worth 4 dot examination was 94.3％,80.0％ and 60.0％ in the without anisometropia group,low anisometropia group,moderate and high anisometropia group,respectively,showing a statistical difference among groups (x2 =12.137,P＜0.05),and the normal rate of 4 dot was less,and that of 5 dot was higher in the moderate and high anisometropia group compared with the without anisometropia group and low anisometropia group (P＜0.05).No significant difference was found in the normal rate for phoria of distance among the three groups (x2 =4.489,P=0.344).The normal rate for near phoria of distance was 65.7％,42.9％ and 37.1％ in the without anisometropia group,low anisometropia group,moderate and high anisometropia group,respectively,with significant difference among them (x2 =6.045,P＜0.05).The normal rate of stereopsis was 91.4％,77.1％ and 54.3％ in the without anisometropia group,low anisometropia group,moderate and high anisometropia group,respectively,which was statistically different among groups (x2 =12.863,P =0.002),and that in the moderate and high anisometropia group was significant declined in comparison with the without anisometropia group (x2 =12.208,P ＜ 0.05).The difference of distance phoria,AC/A,negative relative accommodation (NRA),positive relative accommodation (PRA),accommodation amplitude and binocular accommodative lag were statistically different among groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions The normal rate of the stereopsis,Worth 4 dot and the phoria of near distance are decreased with the increase of anisometropia,but other ocular motor parameters are normal in anisometropic subject.

Detection of antigen-receptor gene rearrangement clonality for diagnosis of lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to investigate the significance of detecting the antigen-receptor gene rearrangement clonality in the diagnosis of lymphoma. Paraffin-embedding and HE staining of samples from 31 patients with lymphomas were performed for morphologic observation by light microscope. Immunophenotype was analyzed by the immunohistochemistry (IHC) method. The clonality of antigen-receptor gene rearrangement was detected by BIOMED-2 Assay Kit. The results showed that among the 31 cases, 12 cases were suspected to be T-cell lymphoma, 1 case was suspected to be T-cell reactive hyperplasia, and 16 cases were suspected to be B-cell lymphoma, 2 cases were B-cell reactive hyperplasia. The detection results showed that the positivity of Ig gene rearrangement clonality was 94.44% (17/18), the positivity of TCR gene rearrangement clonality was 92.31% (12/13), the other two cases were negative. Finally, 12 cases were diagnosed to be T-cell lymphoma and 17 cases were B-cell lymphoma. The other two cases were reactive lymphoid proliferations. And the positivity rate in the 31 patients with lymphomas was 93%. It is concluded that the detection of antigen-receptor gene rearrangement clonality is a useful assistant method in the diagnosis of lymphoma.

Effect of endogenous hydrogen sulfide on oxidative stress in oleic acid-induced acute lung injury in rats / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common critical disease in emergency care. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ALI. Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) can inhibit oxidative stress in rat gastric mucosal epithelium. In this study, we examined the possible role of H(2)S in regulation of the oxidative stress in oleic acid-induced acute lung injury in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rat model of ALI was induced by intra-tail vein injection of oleic acid (OA). NaHS solution was injected intraperitoneally before OA injection as an OA+NaHS group. A semi-quantitative histological index of quantitative assessment of lung injury was calculated. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma and lung tissue were detected with ELISA. The levels of H(2)S content in lung tissue were detected with an ion meter.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the level of H(2)S in lung tissue was significantly decreased, and the level of SOD and GSH were decreased but the level of MDA was increased in plasma and lung tissue in rats with ALI. NaHS lessened the ALI in association with an increase in the level of H(2)S in lung tissue, a decrease in the level of MDA but an increase in SOD and GSH levels in plasma and lung tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Endogenous H(2)S could inhibit the oxidative stress in lung tissue in oleic acid-induced acute lung injury in rats.</p>

Study on molecular characteristics regarding DNA genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical strains in Shandong / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To establish the molecular characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and on factors influencing the recent transmission of drug resistant isolates in Shandong. Methods Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from active pulmonary tuberculosis patients of 13 counties were genotyped by mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRU) methods. Results 12 loci of MIRU were detected in 558 isolates and a total of 143 MIRU patterns were confirmed. 66 isolates had distinct patterns,and 481 (86.2%) strains were in clusters. Shandong cluster included 177 strains with 74.6% of the isolates belonged to Beijing family. The recent transmission index of multi-drug resistance strains was in lower level,comparing to the susceptible strains. Conclusion Our results showed that the Shandong cluster isolates had capacities of facilitating person-to-person transmission and high level of drug resistance.

Value of estrogen for preventing postpartum hemorrhage and shortening birth process in induce abortion / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical efficacy of estrogen in preventing postpartum hemorrhage and shortening the birth process during induced abortion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 320 puerperants for termination of pregnancy for medical reasons were randomly assigned into 2 groups, the estrogen group (n=175) and the control group (n=145), and the former were given oral estrostilben 3 mg thrice a day from the day before acrinol injection to the end of delivery. The amount of blood loss 2 h after delivery, cases of postpartum hemorrhage, and the duration of total birth process were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant differences were noted in blood loss 2 h after delivery between estrodiol and control groups (123.3-/+81.8 vs 206.3-/+114.4 ml). Two cases of postpartum hemorrhage were found in estrogen group and 10 in control group. The duration from acrinol injection to delivery was similar between the two groups (31-/+11 vs 33-/+12 h), but the former had significant shorter duration from contraction onset to delivery than the latter (6.03-/+3.19 vs 9.7-/+5.9 h). No side-effects were found in either group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Estrogen given before delivery can be effective in stimulating uterine contraction for preventing postpartum hemorrhage and shortening the birth process in women undergoing induced abortion.</p>

Timing of pregnancy after surgery for tubal pregnancy / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the outcome of pregnancy in women after surgical treatment of tubal pregnancy and measures to improve the rate of successful postoperative pregnancy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was conducted among 424 women who underwent surgical treatment for tubal pregnancy between Jan 1999 and Jan 2004. All patients desiring a second pregnancy were followed up for 18-72 months for the outcome. Cumulative fertility and recurrence curve were compared and calculated by life-table.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 424 women with tubal pregnancy, 177 (41.7%) had intrauterine pregnancy after the operation, while 102 (24.1%) had recurrent ectopic pregnancy. Among the 177 women with intrauterine pregnancy, 85 (48.02%) became pregnant within 6 months after the operation, 133 (75.14%) within one year, and the cumulative intrauterine pregnancy rate approached 94.92% within 2 years. But among the 102 women with recurrent ectopic pregnancy, only 10 (9.8%) were pregnant within 6 months after the operation, and 49 (48.04%) within 18 months, with a cumulative ectopic pregnancy rate of 67.65%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For women receiving surgery for ectopic pregnancy, the chance for intrauterine pregnancy can be the greatest within 6 months after operation and reduced markedly after 2 years, when recurrent ectopic pregnancy can be likely. Early plans for pregnancy and hydrotubation following the surgery may prove beneficial for raising the chances for postoperative intrauterine pregnancy.</p>

Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on gene expression of adiponectin of obese rat fed with high fat diet / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on expression of adiponectin in white adipose tissue of obese rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, high-fat group and high fat + CLA group (0.75 g, 1.50 g, 3.00 g per hundred gram diet weight), we observed the effect of CLA on serum insulin and glucose levels of obese rats, and the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was used to measure the expression level of adiponectin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) mRNA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The serum insulin and glucose levels of obese rats were (11.11 +/- 2.73) microIU/ml, (5.09 +/- 0.66) mmol/L. The supplement of CLA decreased the hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, the serum insulin in CLA group (0.75 g, 1.50 g, 3.00 g per hundred gram diet weight) were (6.99 +/- 1.77) microIU/ml, (7.36 +/- 1.48) microIU/ml, (7.85 +/- 1.60) microIU/ml (P < 0.05), and glucose were (4.28 +/- 0.72) mmol/L, (4.18 +/- 0.55) mmol/L (P < 0.05), (4.06 +/- 0.63) mmol/L (P < 0.05), CLA can increase the expression of adiponectin and PPARgamma in adipose tissue of obese rat.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The CLA might improve the insulin resistance of the obese rat and increase the expression of adiponectin mRNA, which might possibly act through activating PPARgamma.</p>

Gene expression of resistin and the effect of conjugated linoleic acid on its expression of obese rat fed with high fat diet / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the gene expression of the resistin and the effects of conjugated linoleic acid on its expression in white adipose tissue of obese rats fed with high fat diet during the formation of insulin resistance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Wistar rats were randomly separated in control group, high-fat group and high fat + conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) group (0.75 g, 1.50 g, 3.00 g per 100 g diet weight), using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique to measure the expression level of resistin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) mRNA expression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>the serum insulin and glucose levels of obese rats were (11.11 +/- 2.73) mIU/L, (5.09 +/- 0.66) mmol/L, and supplement of CLA might decrease hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, in CLA group (0.75 g, 1.50 g, 3.00 g per 100 g diet weight) the serum insulin levels were (6.99 +/- 1.77) mIU/L, (7.36 +/- 1.48) mIU/L, (7.85 +/- 1.60) mIU/L, and glucose levels were (4.28 +/- 0.72) mmol/L, (4.18 +/- 0.55) mmol/L, (4.06 +/- 0.63) mmol/L. The expression of resistin in adipose tissue of obese rat fed with high fat diet was increased as compared with those fed with basic diet. CLA might increase the expression of resistin and PPARgamma in adipose tissue of obese rat.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of resistin mRNA of obese rat fed with high fat diet was higher than those fed with basic diet, and CLA might improve the insulin resistance in obese rats and possibly upregulate the expression of resistin through activing PPARgamma.</p>

Clinical observation on treatment of diabetic nephropathy with compound fructus arctii mixture / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Compound Fructus Arctii Mixture (FAM, consisted of Fructus Arctii and ethanol extract of Radix Astragalus membranaceus) in treating diabetic nephropathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using FAM to treat 31 patients with diabetic nephropathy and controlled by 23 patients treated with Losartan, the therapeutic course was 3 months for both groups, changes of clinical symptoms, blood glucose, lipid metabolism and urinary albumin were observed and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate in the treated group was 80.6% while in the control group 65.2%. The symptoms, urinary protein and albumin as well as lipid metabolism in the treated group all significantly improved after treatment (P<0.05), but in the control group improvement only showed in urinary albumin level (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FAM has the effects of reducing urinary protein in 24 hrs, lowering urinary albumin, improving blood glucose after meal and lipid metabolism.</p>