Correlation between sarcopenia,sarcopenic obesity and osteoporosis in adults of Han nationality in Liaoning province / 解剖学报

Objective To understand the prevalence of sarcopenia,sarcopenic obesity and osteoporosis, and to analyze the influence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity on osteoporosis. Methods After all the people signed the informed research agreement, the experimental subjects were selected from Han people over 20 years old in Liaoning region, and a total of 1266 cases were included. The distribution of muscle mass, fat mass and bone mineral density in different parts of adults were measured by bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) and bone densitometer, and the correlation between sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity and osteoporosis in adults was studied. Results With the increase of age, the muscle mass of limbs, trunk, total muscle mass and body weight of the Han adults in Liaoning showed a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity between men and women, but there was a significant difference in the prevalence of osteoporosis between men and women. The prevalence of all three groups reached the peak in the age group above 60, and the difference was statistically significant.The risk factor for osteoporosis was sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity. Conclusion Among adults of Han nationality in Liaoning, the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity,sarcopenia and osteoporosis is significantly different in age. Bone condition is affected by fat mass and muscle mass.

Efficacy and safety of Kangxian Huanji Granule as adjunctive treatment in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: An exploratory randomized controlled trial / 中西医结合学报

BACKGROUND@#Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) is an important occurrence in the natural history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), associated with high hospitalization rates, high mortality and poor prognosis. At present, there is no effective treatment for AE-IPF. Chinese herbal medicine has some advantages in treating IPF, but its utility in AE-IPF is unclear.@*OBJECTIVE@#The treatment of AE-IPF with Kangxian Huanji Granule (KXHJ), a compound Chinese herbal medicine, lacks an evidence-based justification. This study explores the efficacy and safety of KXHJ in patients with AE-IPF.@*DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS@#We designed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory clinical trial. A total of 80 participants diagnosed with AE-IPF were randomly assigned to receive KXHJ or a matching placebo; the treatment included a 10 g dose, administered twice daily for 4 weeks, in addition to conventional treatment. Participants were followed up for 12 weeks after the treatment.@*MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES@#The primary endpoints were treatment failure rate and all-cause mortality. Secondary endpoints included the length of hospitalization, overall survival, acute exacerbation rate, intubation rate, the modified British Medical Research Council (mMRC) score, and the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire for IPF (SGRQ-I) score.@*RESULTS@#The rate of treatment failure at 4 weeks was lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (risk ratio [RR]: 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.051 to 0.965, P = 0.023). There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality at 16 weeks (RR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.179 to 3.138; P > 0.999) or in the acute exacerbation rate during the 12-week follow-up period (RR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.334 to 1.434; P = 0.317). The intervention group had a shorter length of hospitalization than the control group (mean difference [MD]: -3.30 days; 95% CI, -6.300 to -0.300; P = 0.032). Significant differences in the mean change from baseline in the mMRC (between-group difference: -0.67; 95% CI: -0.89 to -0.44; P < 0.001) and SGRQ-I score (between-group difference: -10.36; 95% CI: -16.483 to -4.228; P = 0.001) were observed after 4 weeks, and also in the mMRC (between-group difference: -0.67; 95% CI: -0.91 to -0.43; P < 0.001) and SGRQ-I (between-group difference: -10.28; 95% CI, -15.838 to -4.718; P < 0.001) at 16 weeks. The difference in the adverse events was not significant.@*CONCLUSION@#KXHJ appears to be effective and safe for AE-IPF and can be considered a complementary treatment in patients with AE-IPF. As a preliminary exploratory study, our results provide a basis for further clinical research.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900026289). Please cite this article as: Li JS, Zhang HL, Guo W, Wang L, Zhang D, Zhao LM, Zhou M. Efficacy and safety of Kangxian Huanji Granule as adjunctive treatment in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an exploratory randomized controlled trial. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(6): 543-549.

Acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at stable stage: a network Meta-analysis / 中国针灸

The efficacy on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at stable stage treated with different methods of acupuncture and moxibustion was evaluated using network Meta-analysis method. The articles of the randomized controlled trial (RCT) on stable COPD treated with acupuncture and moxibustion were searched electronically in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science and Cochrane library. The search was conducted from the inception of the databases to March 20th, 2022. Data analysis was performed using R4.1.1, Stata16.0 and RevMan5.3 softwares. A total of 48 RCTs were included, involving 15 kinds of acupuncture and moxibustion interventions and a sample size of 3 900 cases. The results of network Meta-analysis showed that: ① For the forced expiratory volume in one second predicted (FEV1%), both the governor vessel moxibustion combined with conventional treatment (G+C therapy) and the yang-supplementing moxibustion combined with conventional treatment (Y+C therapy) obtained the better effect than that of the conventional treatment (P<0.05), and the G+C therapy was more effective compared with the thread-embedding therapy combined with conventional treatment (E+C therapy) and warm needling (P<0.05). ② Concerning to COPD assessment test (CAT) score, the results indicated that the Y+C therapy, and the mild moxibustion combined with conventional treatment (M+C therapy) were more effective when compared with the conventional treatment (P<0.05), and the effect of the Y+C therapy was better than that of the E+C therapy (P<0.05). ③ Regarding six-minute walking distance (6MWD), the effect of acupuncture combined with conventional treatment (A+C therapy) was better than that of either the E+C therapy or the conventional treatment (P<0.05). The effect of the G+C therapy was optimal for improving FEV1%, the Y+C therapy obtained the best effect for improving CAT score, and A+C therapy was the most effective for improving 6MWD. Due to the limitation of the quality and quantity of included studies, this conclusion needs to be further verified through high-quality RCT.

Physical characteristics of Xibe adults in Liaoning Province / 解剖学报

Objective To study the physical characteristics of body of Xibe adults in Liaoning province and to accumulate data for the studyof physical anthropology. Methods The investigation method and judging standard were refered to correlative regulations in " Anthropometric Method ". The survey included 33 measurement items, 5 indicators and 6 types, 330 Xibe adult people (male 174, female 156) were recruited. Results According to the classification of body part index, the rates of long trunk, wide chest, wide shoulder and wide pelvis were the highest in all the adults of Xibe nationality in Liaoning province, the rates of middle and sub-long legs were the highest in the males, and the rates of super short legs were the highest in the females. According to the stature type, the rates of high type were the highest in males and females. Conclusion The body physical characteristics of male adults of Xibe nationality in Liaoning are the most similar to those of male adults of Xibe nationality in Xinjiang, and the body physical characteristics of female adults of Xibe nationality in Liaoning were between those of female adults of ethnic minorities in Northwest China and Northeast China.

Regularity of prescriptions for intermediate and advanced lung cancer based on latent structure combined with association rules / 中国中药杂志

The present study explored the regularity of prescriptions for the treatment of intermediate and advanced lung cancer to provide references for clinical medication. CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM were searched for the research papers on the treatment of lung cancer by Chinese medicine published from database inception to May 31, 2021. The relevant information of qualified papers was extracted to establish a database. The Chinese medicines with frequency >3% underwent analysis of the latent structure and association rules by Lantern 5.0 and SPSS Molder 14.1, respectively, and the prescription regularity in the treatment of intermediate and advanced lung cancer was analyzed based on the frequency description. A total of 713 papers were included, involving 327 Chinese medicines with a cumulative frequency of 12 794 and 106 prescriptions with a cumulative frequency of 824. The commonly used Chinese medicines were dominated by deficiency-tonifying, heat-clearing, phlegm-resolving, and cough/dyspnea-relieving drugs, such as Astragali Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Ophiopogonis Radix, Poria, and Hedyotis Diffusa, which are cold, warm, and plain in nature and sweet, bitter, and pungent in flavor, and mainly act on lung, spleen, and stomach meridians. Commonly used prescriptions included Shashen Maidong Decoction, Liujunzi Decoction, and Baihe Gujin Decoction. The latent structure analysis revealed 32 latent variables and 65 hidden classes. Six comprehensive clustering models and 11 core prescriptions were obtained by professional knowledge inference. The common syndromes of intermediate and advanced lung cancer were inferred to be Qi and Yin deficiency in the lung, Qi deficiency in the lung and spleen, Yin deficiency in the liver and kidney, combined phlegm and stasis, phlegm-heat obstructing lung, and Qi stagnation and blood stasis. Forty-four strong associations were screened out by association rules analysis, including four pairwise strong associations(Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma→Ophiopogonis Radix, Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma→Glehniae Radix, Amomi Fructus→Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, and Polygonati Rhizoma→Astragali Radix) and 40 triplet strong associations(such as Trichosanthis Radix+Glehniae Radix→Ophiopogonis Radix, Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma+Glehniae Radix→Ophiopogonis Radix, Trichosanthis Radix+Ophiopogonis Radix→Glehniae Radix, and Scutellariae Barbatae Herba+Codonopsis Radix→Hedyotis Diffusa). In the treatment of intermediate and advanced lung cancer, Qi-replenishing and Yin-nourishing drugs are mainly employed, assisted with cancer-resisting, toxin-removing, spleen-invigorating, phlegm/stasis-resolving, and blood-activating drugs based on syndrome differentiation. The roots were treated following the principles of tonifying lungs and replenishing the spleen, and symptoms following the principles of removing the toxin, dispelling stasis, and resolving phlegm.

Targeting GATA1 and p2x7r Locus Binding in Spinal Astrocytes Suppresses Chronic Visceral Pain by Promoting DNA Demethylation / 神经科学通报·英文版

Irritable bowel syndrome is a gastrointestinal disorder of unknown etiology characterized by widespread, chronic abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements. Increasing amounts of evidence indicate that injury and inflammation during the neonatal period have long-term effects on tissue structure and function in the adult that may predispose to gastrointestinal diseases. In this study we aimed to investigate how the epigenetic regulation of DNA demethylation of the p2x7r locus guided by the transcription factor GATA binding protein 1 (GATA1) in spinal astrocytes affects chronic visceral pain in adult rats with neonatal colonic inflammation (NCI). The spinal GATA1 targeting to DNA demethylation of p2x7r locus in these rats was assessed by assessing GATA1 function with luciferase assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, patch clamp, and interference in vitro and in vivo. In addition, a decoy oligodeoxynucleotide was designed and applied to determine the influence of GATA1 on the DNA methylation of a p2x7r CpG island. We showed that NCI caused the induction of GATA1, Ten-eleven translocation 3 (TET3), and purinergic receptors (P2X7Rs) in astrocytes of the spinal dorsal horn, and demonstrated that inhibiting these molecules markedly increased the pain threshold, inhibited the activation of astrocytes, and decreased the spinal sEPSC frequency. NCI also markedly demethylated the p2x7r locus in a manner dependent on the enhancement of both a GATA1-TET3 physical interaction and GATA1 binding at the p2x7r promoter. Importantly, we showed that demethylation of the p2x7r locus (and the attendant increase in P2X7R expression) was reversed upon knockdown of GATA1 or TET3 expression, and demonstrated that a decoy oligodeoxynucleotide that selectively blocked the GATA1 binding site increased the methylation of a CpG island in the p2x7r promoter. These results demonstrate that chronic visceral pain is mediated synergistically by GATA1 and TET3 via a DNA-demethylation mechanism that controls p2x7r transcription in spinal dorsal horn astrocytes, and provide a potential therapeutic strategy by targeting GATA1 and p2x7r locus binding.

Steroid Receptor Coactivator 3 Regulates Synaptic Plasticity and Hippocampus-dependent Memory / 神经科学通报·英文版

Steroid hormones play important roles in brain development and function. The signaling of steroid hormones depends on the interaction between steroid receptors and their coactivators. Although the function of steroid receptor coactivators has been extensively studied in other tissues, their functions in the central nervous system are less well investigated. In this study, we addressed the function of steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC3) – a member of the p160 SRC protein family that is expressed predominantly in the hippocampus. While hippocampal development was not altered in Src3

Skeletal muscle content of Han adults working in Tibet by bioelectrical impedance method / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the characteristics and differences of the distribution of skeletal muscle content between the Han adult population in Tibet and Liaoning Han adult population. Methods Randomly selected healthy adults of Han worked in Tibet and Liaoning Han nationality as the research object, a total of 223 Han adults worked in Tibet ( 95 males, 128 females); 302 adults of Han nationality in Liaoning (126 males, 176 females) were selected by body composition analyzer. The body weight, total muscle mass, trunk muscle mass, left upper limb muscle mass, right upper limb muscle mass, left lower limb muscle mass, and right lower limb muscle mass of the subject were measured. All the result were input into SPSS 22. 0 statistical analysis, and related statistical processing such as independent sample t test was applied. Results The body weight, trunk muscle mass, left upper limb muscle mass, right upper limb muscle mass, left lower limb muscle mass, and lower right muscle mass of the Tibetan Han population were lower than those of the Han adults in Liaoning, and the comparison result was significantly different (P<0.01 or P<0.05), the Han adults in Liaoning and the Tibetan Han population, male muscle mass was greater than the female adults (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion After the Han people in Liaoning entered the Tibetan Plateau, the muscle mass of each part of the body decrease significantly. The change of human body composition can be affected by various factors such as gender and high altitude hypoxia environment.

Steroid Receptor Coactivator 3 Regulates Synaptic Plasticity and Hippocampus-dependent Memory / 神经科学通报·英文版

Steroid hormones play important roles in brain development and function. The signaling of steroid hormones depends on the interaction between steroid receptors and their coactivators. Although the function of steroid receptor coactivators has been extensively studied in other tissues, their functions in the central nervous system are less well investigated. In this study, we addressed the function of steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC3) - a member of the p160 SRC protein family that is expressed predominantly in the hippocampus. While hippocampal development was not altered in Src3

Study on the rule of acupoint selection in treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the characteristics and rule of clinical acupoint selection in treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).@*METHODS@#The clinical articles of acupuncture in treatment of AECOPD were retrieved from the databases of PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and SinoMed, from the date of establishment to July 15, 2020. The articles were screened in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the prescriptions of acupuncture and the relevant information of the acupoints and meridians were extracted to establish the database. The data mining methods i.e. Apriori association rule analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyse the using frequency, involving meridians, acupoint distributions, association rules and cluster of selected acupoints.@*RESULTS@#A total of 54 articles were included, 67 acupuncture prescriptions were extracted, 69 acupoints were involved and the total using frequency was 475 times. The top 5 acupoints in frequency were Danzhong (CV 17), Feishu (BL 13), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40) and Dingchuan (EX-B1). The main involved meridians were bladder meridian of foot-@*CONCLUSION@#The local acupoints and acupoints along meridians are the main acupuncture prescriptions for AECOPD, and the special points are the predominated selection. The acupoint compatibility embodies the therapeutic principle of "strengthening vital

Therapeutic effect of compound Danshen dripping pills combined atorvastatin on coronary heart disease complicated hyperlipidemia and its influence on serum TRAIL level / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective :To explore therapeutic effect of compound Danshen dripping pills combined atorvastatin on cor-onary heart disease (CHD) complicated hyperlipidemia and its influence on serum level of tumor necrosis factor-re-lated apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL).Methods : A total of 109 CHD patients with hyperlipidemia treated in our department of cardiology were collected ,randomly divided into atorvastatin group (n＝57) and combined treatment group (n＝ 52 ,received atorvastatin combined compound Danshen dripping pills ) ,both groups were continuously treated for three months .Cardiac function ,levels of blood lipids ,serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α ,TRAIL and quality of life (QOL ) were measured and compared between two groups before and after treatment .Results :Compared with before treatment ,there were significant improvements in cardiac function and blood lipid levels , and significant reductions in serum levels of TNF-α and TRAIL in two groups after treatment , P＝0-001 all ;com-pared with atorvastatin group after treatment ,there were significant rise in cardiac output [ (4-1 ± 0-8) L／min vs. (4-9 ± 0-6) L／min] ,cardiac index [ (3-9 ± 0-6) L·min-1 ·m-2 vs.(4-2 ± 0-7) L·min-1 ·m-2 ] ,LVEF [ (52-4 ± 1-6)% vs.(59-6 ± 1-5)%] ,serum HDL-C [ (1-5 ± 0-4) mmol／L vs.(1-9 ± 0-5) mmol／L] and QOL [ (6-2 ± 0-8) scores vs .(7-1 ± 1-1) scores] ,and significant reductions in LVEDd [ (5-4 ± 0-6) cm vs.(5-0 ± 0-7) cm] ,serum levels of TC [ (4-1 ± 0-7) mmol／L vs.(3-7 ± 0-9) mmol／L] ,TG [ (1-4 ± 0-6) mmol／L vs.(1-1 ± 0-5) mmol／L] , LDL-C [ (2-9 ± 0-8) mmol／L vs .(2-4 ± 0-8) mmol／L] ,TNF-α [ (52-1 ± 12-6) ng／L vs.(41-3 ± 14-2) ng／L] and TRAIL [ (44-7 ± 24-1) pg／ml vs.(34-1 ± 26-6) pg／ml] in combined treatment group , P＜0-05 or ＜ 0-01- Conclusion : Compound Danshen dripping pills combined atorvastatin can significantly improve heart function ,re-duce blood lipid levels and improve quality of life in CHD patients with hyperlipidemia .

Reliability of the measurement of glenoid bone defect in anterior shoulder instability / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The size of the glenoid bone defect is an important index in selecting the appropriate treatment for anterior shoulder instability. However, the reliability of glenoid bone defect measurement is controversial. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the reliabilities of measurements of the glenoid bone defect on computed tomography and to explore the predisposing factors leading to inconsistency of these measurements.@*METHODS@#The study population comprised 69 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation in Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine from March 2016 to January 2017. The glenoid bone defect was measured by three surgeons on 'self-confirmed' and 'designated' 3-D en-face views, and repeated after an interval of 3 months. Measurements included the ratio of the defect area to the best-fit circle area, and the ratio of the defect width to the diameter of the best-fit circle. The inter- and intra-observer reliabilities of the measurements were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The maximum absolute inter- and intra-observer differences and the cumulative percentages of cases with inter- and intra-observer differences greater than these respective levels were calculated.@*RESULTS@#Almost all linear defect values were bigger than the areal defect values. The inter-observer ICCs for the areal defect were 0.557 and 0.513 in the 'self-confirmed' group and 0.549 and 0.431 in the 'designated' group. The inter-observer reliabilities for the linear defect were moderate or fair in the 'self-confirmed' group (ICC = 0.446, 0.374) and 'designated' group (ICC = 0.402, 0.327). The ICCs for intra-observer measurements were higher than those for inter-observer measurements. The respective maximum inter- and intra-observer absolute differences were 13.9% and 13.2% in the 'self-confirmed' group, and 15.8% and 9.8% in the 'designated' group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The areal measurement of the glenoid bone defect is more reliable than the linear measurement. The reliability of the glenoid defect areal measurement is moderate or worse, suggesting that a more accurate and objective measurement method is needed in both en-face view and best-fit circle determination. Subjective factors affecting the glenoid bone loss measurement should be minimized.

Reliability of the measurement of glenoid bone defect in anterior shoulder instability / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#The size of the glenoid bone defect is an important index in selecting the appropriate treatment for anterior shoulder instability. However, the reliability of glenoid bone defect measurement is controversial. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the reliabilities of measurements of the glenoid bone defect on computed tomography and to explore the predisposing factors leading to inconsistency of these measurements.@*Methods@#The study population comprised 69 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation in Peking University Fourth School of Clinical Medicine from March 2016 to January 2017. The glenoid bone defect was measured by three surgeons on 'self-confirmed’ and 'designated’ 3-D en-face views, and repeated after an interval of 3 months. Measurements included the ratio of the defect area to the best-fit circle area, and the ratio of the defect width to the diameter of the best-fit circle. The inter- and intra-observer reliabilities of the measurements were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The maximum absolute inter- and intra-observer differences and the cumulative percentages of cases with inter- and intraobserver differences greater than these respective levels were calculated.@*Results@#Almost all linear defect values were bigger than the areal defect values. The inter-observer ICCs for the areal defect were 0.557 and 0.513 in the 'self-confirmed’ group and 0.549 and 0.431 in the 'designated’ group. The inter-observer reliabilities for the linear defect were moderate or fair in the 'self-confirmed’ group (ICC = 0.446, 0.374) and 'designated’ group (ICC = 0.402, 0.327). The ICCs for intra-observer measurements were higher than those for inter-observer measurements. The respective maximum interand intra-observer absolute differences were 13.9% and 13.2% in the 'self-confirmed’ group, and 15.8% and 9.8% in the 'designated’ group.@*Conclusions@#The areal measurement of the glenoid bone defect is more reliable than the linear measurement. The reliability of the glenoid defect areal measurement is moderate or worse, suggesting that a more accurate and objective measurement method is needed in both en-face view and best-fit circle determination. Subjective factors affecting the glenoid bone loss measurement should be minimized.

Effect of Comprehensive Therapy based on Chinese Medicine Patterns on Self-Efficacy and Effectiveness Satisfaction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effect of comprehensive therapy based on Chinese medicine (CM) patterns on self-efficacy and satisfaction with its effectiveness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).@*METHODS@#A total of 216 patients were randomly divided into the trial group (n =108) and the control group (n=108) based on the stratified and block randomization design. Patients in the trial group were treated with conventional Western medicine combined with Bufei Jianpi Granules (), Bufei Yishen Granules (), and Yiqi Zishen Granules () according to the CM patterns respectively, and patients in the control group were treated with conventional Western medicine. The COPD Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES) and the Effectiveness Satisfaction Questionnaire for COPD (ESQ-COPD) were employed in a 6-month treatment and in further 6 month follow-up visit.@*RESULTS@#Among the 216 patients, 191 patients (97 in the trial group and 94 in the control group) fully completed the study. After 12-month treatment and follow-up, the mean scores of the trial group all continued to increase over time, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (P <0.05), and the improvement in the following trial group domain: negative affect domain (12.13%), intense emotional arousal domain (12.21%), physical exertion domain (11.72%), weather/environmental domain (13.77%), behavioral risk domain (7.67%) and total score (10.65%). The trial group also exhibited significantly higher mean scores in the ESQ-COPD (P <0.05) and the improvement in the following domain: capacity for life and work domain (30.59%), clinical symptoms domain (53.52%), effect of therapy domain (35.95%), convenience of therapy domain (35.54%), and whole effect domain (52.47%).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Bufei Jianpi Granules, Bufei Yishen Granules and Yiqi Zishen Granules can improve the self-efficacy and satisfaction of COPD patients.

Isolation and culture of adult rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells / 基础医学与临床

Objective To establish a simple and efficient method for isolation and culture of adult rat cardiac micro-vascular endothelial cells. Methods Wistar rats were anesthetized and thoracotomy was performed. Cardiac micro-vascular endothelial cells were isolated by heart perfusion and enzyme digestion. The morphology and growth curve of the third generation cells were examined by inverted microscopy. Its molecular markers factor Ⅷ-related antigen and CD31 were detected by immunocytochemistry and immunofluoresence. The angiogenic ability was examined by matrigel. Results The primary cultured cardiac microvascular endothelial cells in vitro were polygonal or fusiform with typical paving stone-like growth characteristics. At the same time,the cells were positive stained by factorⅧ-related antigen and CD31 and showed angiogenic ability. Conclusions Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells cul-tured by this method possess high purity. The method is easy to operate and can be used for laboratory and clinical research of cardiovascular diseases.

Ethyl acetate-soluble chemical constituents from branch of Hypericum petiolulatum / 中国中药杂志

The stems and branches of Hypericum petiolulatum were extracted by alcohol and liquid-liquid extraction. Seven furofuran lignans were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of H. petiolulatum by using silica gelchromatography, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, medium-pressure liquid chromatography and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by the spectroscopic methods as pinoresinol (1), medioresinol (2), 8-acetoxypinoresinol (3), epipinoresinol (4), (+)-syringaresinol (5), (+)-1-hydroxysyringaresinol (6) and erythro-buddlenolE (7). All the isolates were firstly found in H. petiolulatum. In the bioassay, compound 7 showed remarkable antioxidative activity inhibiting Fe(+2)-cystine induced rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation with inhibitory rate 38% at a concentration of 1 x 10(-6) mol · L(-1) (positive control Vit E with the inhibitory rate of 35% at the same concentration).

2009 evolution for VP4 of enterovirus 71 strains in Shenzhen / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the genetic evolution for the common causative agent of hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD) that VP4 of human enterovirus 71 in Shenzhen district.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>491 sttol specimen were collected from, children with hand, foot and mouth diease in Shenzhen Children's Hospital 2009. After cell culture, VP4 gene of eight EV71 strains were amplified by reverse-transcriptase PCR( RT-PCR), phylogenetic analysis of the VP4 gene was constructed by using MEGA 4. 0.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The VP4 gene of eight EV71 strains encoding 69 amino acids with full length 207 bp. The nucleotide homology of VP4 gene among eight EV71 strains was 94. 2% -98. 1%, compared with VP4 gene of EV71 strains retrieved from Shenzhen 2001 to 2004 and GenBank was 89. 1%-98. 1% and 79.2%-100% respectively. Asian epidemic strain Fuyang had the highest nucleotide homology, representative strain C4 and Shenzhen strain (AY895144) with 94. 2% -98. 1% secondly. Except for the 54th amino acid of VP4 gene of India reported strain and one of the eight EV71 strains, the homology of the rest amino acids between the eight EV71 strains and those in GenBank was 100%. Compared with representative strain C4,there were seventeen differences in nucleotide sequences of VP4 of the eight EV71 strains. All of the different nucleotides were located at the degenerate password sites except one. There was no significant difference in VP4 gene between the severe and the mild cases of strainS. The eight Shenzhen EV71 strains were classified as sub-genotype C4 in the phylogenetic tree.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The epidemic of EV71 in Shenzhen 2009 was sub-genotype C4. VP4 gene of EV71 was very conservative which dose not belong to the variation section. The variation of most of nucleotide was invalid variation. The amino acids encoded by VP4 gene which variation was almost zero.</p>

Full sequence analysis and characterization of the Shenzhen Norovirus strain SZ2010422 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To obtain information on viral molecular structural and evolutionary characteristics, we conducted the SZ2010422 full-length genomic analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Primers were designed by New Orleans full sequence, SZ2010422 full genome was amplified by RT-PCR, the whole genome sequence and the capsid domain amino acid sites was analysised after cloned and sequenced.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The genome of G II-4 Norovirus SZ2010422 strain was consist of 7559 bp, it revealed three ORFs composites of the whole genome, ORF1 (5100 bp), ORF2 (1623 bp), ORF3 (807 bp) respectively, ORF1 and ORF2 had 19 nucleotide overlap. By evolutionary comparative analysis found SZ2010422 genomic nucleotide sequences with reference strains of G II-4 New Orleans1805 strains the highest homology with a total length of homology was 99.3%, of ORF1 (99.5%), ORF2 (99.2%), ORF3 (98.6%). Phylogenetic analyses showed SZ2010422 belonging to G II-4 New Orleans variant. Date of 541 amino acid analyses showed: New Orleans variant strains of popular sites: aa310N or K, --> S aa341D --> of N, aa359T--> S, aa396H --> P, aa460H --> Y.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Norovirus SZ2010422 belonged to the G II-4 New Orleans variant. In This study, SZ2010422 full sequence can be used not only as a full-length NoV variant sequence standard for future comparison studies, but also as useful material for the public health field by enabling the diagnosis, vaccine development, and prediction of new emerging variants. Noroviruses; Genes; Sequence analysis</p>

Functional and psychosocial effects of pulmonary Daoyin on patients with COPD in China: study protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial / 中西医结合学报

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem worldwide. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an established intervention for the management of patients with COPD. Exercise training is an important part of PR, and its effectiveness in patients with COPD is well established. However, alternative methods of PR training such as Daoyin have not been appropriately studied. Hence, alternative forms of exercise training that require less exercise equipment and no specific training place should be evaluated. This paper describes the study protocol of a clinical trial that aims to determine if pulmonary Daoyin training will improve the exercise capacity and psychosocial function of patients with COPD in China.</p><p><b>METHODS AND DESIGN</b>A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial will be conducted. A total of 464 patients meeting the inclusion criteria will be enrolled into this study with 232 patients in each of the trial group and the control group. Based on patient education, patients in the trial group will receive pulmonary Daoyin and continue with their usual therapy for three months. In the control group, patients will continue with their usual therapy. The primary outcome measures are exercise capacity assessed by the six-minute walking distance test and lung function. Secondary outcomes include dyspnea and quality of life. Measurements will be taken at baseline (month 0) and after the study period (month 3).</p><p><b>DISCUSSION</b>It is hypothesized that pulmonary Daoyin will have beneficial effects in improving exercise capacity and psychosocial function of patients with stable COPD, and will provide an alternative form of exercise training that is accessible for the large number of people with COPD.</p><p><b>TRIAL REGISTRATION</b>This trial has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov. The identifier is NCT01482000.</p>

The genotype of norovirus in Shenzhen, 2010 / 病毒学报

To describe epidemiologic characteristics of norovirus infection and its genotype in Shenzhen area of 2010. Stool specimens were collected from four monitoring point and detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PT-PCR). Positive PCR products were purified and sequenced, and the sequences were performed by Clustal W and MEGA 4.0 programs, then genotype was identified and phylogenetic tree was constructed. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that 79 strains of NV belonged to norovirus genogroup II and 6 belonged to genogroup 1 of all 85 positive products. While 55 strains belonged to G II/4(2006b), 16 strains belonged to G II/4(2008 variant), 2 strains belonged to G II /1, 4 strains belonged to G II/5, 2 strains belonged to G II/11, 1 strain belonged to GII/4, 2 strains belonged to GII/5, 3 strains belonged to GI/6. The main genogroups of norovirus in Shenzhen ware GI and G II. G II /4 was one of the most major genotype of norovirus , while G II /4(2006b) variant was identified as the predominant strain in Shenzhen area.