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Objective:To explore the effect of the X-BL mixed teaching mode on Pharmacology course. Methods:In Pharmacology course of the 2017 pharmacy major of our university, 3 teaching units were randomly selected as the control group while the rest 3 teaching units were selected as the experimental group. Traditional teaching mode was carried out in control group. In the experimental group, we designed a X-BL mixed teaching mode composed of web-based learning (WBL), case-based learning (CBL), and team-based learning (TBL). Teaching effects of the two groups were compared using online unit tests and questionnaires. Test scores were analyzed by SPSS 20.0, and differences between groups were analyzed by t test. Results:The test scores of each unit of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0.01), and the low scores were all zeroed. The questionnaires showed that the two groups showed similar learning willingness, but the experimental group students were more satisfied with teaching method, teaching quality, classroom atmosphere, teacher guidance and learning effect than the control group. Conclusion:The X-BL mixed teaching mode, which focused on case teaching and group learning, integrated online and offline teaching, and information teaching, has showed a better teaching effect than traditional teaching in the Pharmacology courses. This teaching mode may have certain promotion value in the future teaching applications.
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Applying the effective teaching theory to the small-class teaching of pharmacology can improve the flexibility of small-class teaching mode under the guidance of the concept of effective teaching and high efficiency. The course chapters were randomly selected for traditional teaching mode or small-class teaching mode based on effective teaching theory in the same class. Practice has proved that the small-class teaching based on AO-AMFM can enhance student analysis and make careful smart objective and teaching frame work before class, and can also reach prompt activation, multi-learning, effective feedback and multi-summary, which can significantly improve students' learning enthusiasm and learning efficiency.
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The basic course of medical specialty is an important part of medical education. There are few studies on effective teaching of basic courses of medical specialty. Based on the course of Pharmacology, this paper discusses the connotation, influencing factors and strategies of effective teaching of basic courses of medical specialty. The factors influencing the effective teaching of basic courses of medical specialty are multiple, that mainly includes four dimensions: students, teachers, course resources and teaching environment. Strategies to improve teaching effect include strengthening the idea of education, positioning goals hierarchically, optimizing curriculum structure, and innovating education platform.
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Aim To observe the mRNA expressions of cell cycle regulators at different time points during the hypertrophic process of H9 c2 rat cardiomyoctes in-duced by angiotensin Ⅱ stimulation.Methods H9c2 myocytes were stimulated with 1.0 μmol · L-1 angio-tensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ)for scheduled time.Cells were stained by Rhodamine labeled phalloidin and the cell area was measured by ImageJ software.mRNA expres-sion levels of cyclin B,D,E,cyclin dependent kinase (CDK)1,2,4,6,and CDK inhibitor p21 were de-termined by real-time PCR at different time points (0, 5,10,30 min,and 1,2,3,6,12,24,48 h).Re-sults H9 c2 cell size increased soon after stimulation of Ang Ⅱ;mRNA expressions of cyclin E,CDK4 and CDK2 all reached the peak at 5 min after stimulation of Ang Ⅱ;mRNA expression of cyclin D was increased dramatically at 10 min,followed by a decrease trend. However,the mRNA expression of cyclin B and CDK6 both showed two peaks,a p2 1 mRNA level was up to the peak at 30 min,and the expression was lowest at 3h.Although its expression increased gradually after 3h,p21 mRNA remained low level.Conclusion mRNA expression levels of the cell cycle regulators fluctuate and jointly facilitate the hypertrophic process of cardiomyocytes.
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Objective To explore application of pulse indicator continuous cardiac output(PICCO)in the treatment of septic shock during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).Methods 34 patients with septic shock who underwent CRRT were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group.Heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP)and central venous pressure (CVP) were monitored in the control group.The experimental group were monitored by PICCO technology in addition to conventional monitoring,the hemodynamics parameters were collected such as end-diastolic volume index (GEDI),extravascular lung water index(EVLWI),and systemic vascular resistance index(SVRI),etc.Dehydration volume and supplementary volume were controlled by means of two group's hemodynamics parameters.The change of Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation-Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ),lactate (Lac),saturation of central venous oxygen(SevO2) and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) were observed.Results After treatment of 72h,the decrease of APACHE Ⅱ and lactate in the experimental group was higher than those in the control group,the increase of ScvO2 in the experimental group was higher than those in the control group,the increase of PaO2/FiO2 in the experimental group was evidently higher than those in the control group.Conclusions During PICCO monitoring technique to guide CRRT therapy in patients with septic shock,the volume status of patients can be accurately controlled,organizational cycle can be improved,oxygenation of lung can be obviously improved,which contributes to treatment of septic shock.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Total sasponins of Pannax Notoginseng(PSN)on oxidative stress during atherosclerogenesis(AS)in rabbits accelerated by persistent inflammation.METHODS:A total of 24 Japanese big-eared rabbits were divided into control group,high lipid group,persistent inflammatory group,and PSN group to be treated accordingly.Serum levels of C reactive protein(CRP),nitric oxide(NO)and malondialdehyde(MDA)as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)were given a dynamic monitoring;and aortic atherosclerotic plaque areas were measured.RESULTS:In the persistent inflammatory group,serum levels of CRP and MDA were increased significantly,but SOD activity and level of NO were decreased significantly,aortic atherosclerotic plaque area was increased obviously,and CRP level was positively correlated with both MDA content and plaque area,showing significant difference as compared with the high-lipid group(P
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a UV-Vis spectrophotometric method for content determination of Curdione in Nano-micelles loaded with Curdione.METHODS:Curdione was colored by sulfuric acid-vanillin reagent.The absorbance was measured by visible-spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 500nm.RESULTS:The content of Curdione in the range of 0.050～ 0.400mg? mL-1 was in accordance with the Lambert-Beer law(r=0.999 3).The average recovery was 99.14%,and the RSD was 1.23%(n=9).CONCLUSION:This method is simple,accurate and suitable for the content determination of curdione in Nano-micelles loaded with Curdione.
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OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of ERC61,an extract from Rhizoma Curcumae on hematopoietic functions of mice pretreated by cyclophosphamide(CTX) and the proper regime of the administration of ERC61.METHODS:The experimental mice were treated with CTX(100mg? kg-1? d-1) by ip for 3 consecutive days to establish leucopenia model.ERC61 was ip administered to the prevention group,the treatment group,and the combined group(prevention+ treatment).The numbers of blood leucocytes and bone marrow cell were counted by conventional methods;spleen index was measured as well.RESULTS:ERC61 enhanced the count of leucocytes and nucleated cells in bone marrow and improved the level of spleen index.CONCLUSION:ERC61 is able to improve the disorders of hematopoietic functions induced by CTX,and the combination therapy of prevention and treatment is the optimum one in efficacy.
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Aim To observe the effects of GCIP-27(G protein competitive inhibitory polypeptide-27) on the structure of left ventricle in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).Methods Thirty SHR rats of 12 weeks old were randomly divided into five groups(n=6):blank control groups,GCIP-27(10,30,90 ?g?kg-1,ip,bid)groups,and Losartan group(6 mg?kg-1),six Wistar-Kyotos(WKY) rats were as normal control.Systolic blood pressure(SBP)was measured once per two weeks with tail-sleeve methods.At the end of the 8th week,left ventricle weight index(LVWI)were determined.Myocardium structure was observed by polaroscope and transmission electron microscope.The area and content of myocardial interstitial collagen were treated for semiquantitative analysis by image analyzer system.Results The SBP in GCIP-27(10,30,90 ?g?kg-1)groups decreased significantly from the 2 nd to the 8th week by comparison with blank control group.GCIP-27(10,30,90 ?g?kg-1) lowered heart mass index(HMI)and left ventricular mass index(LVMI)markedly compared with blank control group(P
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Object To investigate the effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on myocardial Gs? mRNA expression of seriously scalded rat. Methods A 30% skin full thickness scald model was produced by immersing rat in 95 ℃ water for 10 s. The effects of PNS on myocardial Gs? mRNA level were observed with dot blotting hybridization and in situ hybridization technique; effects on cAMP and adenyl cyclase (AC) activities were determined with radioimmunoassay. Results Myocardial Gs? mRNA, AC activity and cAMP content were reduced significantly 3 h after scalding. PNS (100, 200 mg/kg) could markedly increase the level of myocardial Gs? mRNA expression. The elevated quantity was correlated markedly with PNS dosage (r = 0.95, P
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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the safety of Chitosan DCX-16elementarily.METHODS:DCX-16was injected i.p.to observe the acute toxicity in mice.The local irritating effects were observed on tolerance test,cerato-conjunctiva and muscles stimulus test in rabbits.The cell shape and proliferative rate of3T3cells were determinated by MTT in cell culture with DCX-16.RESULTS:It showed that DCX-16had no irritation on the eyes and muscles in rabbits.Tolerance dose of DCX-16in mice was as high as3.0g/kg per day.Cell culture with DCX-16demonstrated that3T3cell's shape and growth were normal.The relative growth rate of3T3cells had no statistical difference between control and DCX-16groups on the2nd,3rd,4th day.CONCLUSION:DCX-16is safe.
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Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly used drugs in the world, but their use is limited because of their propensity to cause many severe adverse reactions. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX 2) not only take part in inflammatory reaction, but also exert various physiological functions. Selective COX 2 inhibitors still have a series of adverse reactions. COX 3, a new COX cloned and expressed recently, can be inhibited selectively by acetaminophen and do not relate to inflammation. A hypothesis about COX family is assumed and seven isoforms are supposed in this article.